Fig. 1 shows the sports development pyramid used to describe the stages a performer may progress through in sport. (a) Identify the four levels of the pyram...

(a) The four levels of the sports development pyramid, from base to top, are:

1. Foundation [0.5]
2. Participation [0.5]
3. Performance [0.5]
4. Excellence (also called Elite) [0.5]

[2 marks for all four correct; 1 mark for three correct]

The pyramid shape reflects that many people take part at the base level, but fewer progress to each higher level. It represents the pathway from grassroots involvement to elite-level sport.

(b) At the Foundation level of the pyramid:

• Basic movement skills and fundamental sports skills are taught and learned, such as throwing, catching, running, and jumping. [1]
• This typically takes place in schools during PE lessons, community clubs, or youth groups. [1]
• Activities at this level are designed to be fun, introductory, and often non-competitive, encouraging enjoyment and broad participation rather than specialisation.

(c) A national governing body could help a performer move from the Performance level to the Excellence level by:

• Providing funding or financial support (for example, lottery funding or grants) to cover training costs, equipment, travel, and competition entry fees. [1]
• Offering access to specialist coaching, elite training camps, or sports science support such as physiotherapy, nutrition advice, and sports psychology. [1]

National governing bodies play a vital role in talent development by identifying promising athletes and providing the structured support systems needed to bridge the gap between competitive club-level performance and international excellence.