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Question 1 Rapport
The major advantage of drainage in agriculture is
Détails de la réponse
The major advantage of drainage in agriculture is removing excess water from the soil. Drainage helps to prevent water-logging which can lead to a reduction in crop yield or even crop failure. When there is excess water in the soil, it displaces the air in the soil pores, leading to the death of plant roots due to lack of oxygen. Drainage helps to create a balance between water and air in the soil, which promotes healthy plant growth. Additionally, excess water in the soil can lead to the leaching of nutrients, making them unavailable to plants. Drainage can help to prevent this by allowing water to move through the soil, carrying nutrients to the root zone where they are needed.
Question 3 Rapport
Which of the following crops is propagated by suckers?
Détails de la réponse
Pineapple is the crop that is propagated by suckers. Suckers are vegetative shoots that arise from the base of the mother plant and can be used to propagate a new plant. Pineapple plants typically produce many suckers, which can be removed and planted to establish a new crop. Citrus, tobacco, mango, and carrot are propagated by other methods, such as cuttings, grafting, or seeds.
Question 4 Rapport
The system of growing arable crops at the early stage of forest establishment is referred to as
Détails de la réponse
The system of growing arable crops at the early stage of forest establishment is referred to as the "Taungya System". This system involves the clearing of forest land for the purpose of establishing new forests. However, during the early stage of forest establishment, farmers are allowed to plant crops such as maize, cassava, and yams in between the newly planted trees. This helps to reduce the cost of establishing a new forest while also providing income for the farmers. The crops are usually grown for a few years until the trees have grown enough to provide sufficient shade, after which the farmers are required to stop planting crops and focus solely on tending the trees. The system is named after a practice used in Myanmar (formerly Burma) and is now widely used in many tropical countries.
Question 5 Rapport
Which of the following is not a property of clay soil? it
Détails de la réponse
The property that is not associated with clay soil is "has low capillarity". Capillarity refers to the ability of soil to draw water upwards against the force of gravity. Clay soil actually has high capillarity because its small particles can hold onto water and draw it upwards. Therefore, is the correct answer.
Question 6 Rapport
Wastage of agricultural products during harvesting period is due mainly to inadequate
Détails de la réponse
Wastage of agricultural products during harvesting period is mainly due to inadequate storage and processing facilities. In many cases, farmers may harvest their crops but not have the proper facilities to store them until they can be sold or processed. This can lead to spoilage or damage from pests or weather, resulting in significant losses for the farmer. Without proper processing facilities, crops may also be left in the field to rot or be eaten by animals, further contributing to wastage. Therefore, the need for proper storage and processing facilities cannot be overemphasized in reducing post-harvest losses and ensuring food security.
Question 7 Rapport
Fruit formation in plants may be delayed by excessive availability of
Détails de la réponse
Question 8 Rapport
The physiological changes that show up during disease attack on crop plants are referred to as
Détails de la réponse
The correct answer is "symptoms". When crop plants are attacked by diseases, they undergo a variety of physiological changes that can be observed. These changes are collectively referred to as symptoms. Symptoms may include changes in leaf color or shape, wilting, stunting, or the appearance of lesions on the plant. By identifying the symptoms, farmers or agricultural professionals can determine the type of disease that is affecting the crop and take appropriate measures to control or treat it.
Question 9 Rapport
Which of the following groups of farm equipment use electricity as their source of power?
Détails de la réponse
The group of farm equipment that uses electricity as their source of power includes milking machine, incubator, and refrigerator. Milking machines are used to extract milk from animals using vacuum pressure, and they require a power source to run the vacuum pump. Incubators are used for hatching eggs and require electricity to maintain the appropriate temperature and humidity levels. Refrigerators are used for preserving agricultural produce and require electricity to run the compressor that maintains low temperatures inside the refrigerator. Therefore, options A is the correct answer.
Question 10 Rapport
The methods of rangeland management include the following except
Détails de la réponse
Rangeland management refers to the process of managing and conserving the natural resources of rangelands for sustainable use. The methods used in rangeland management include rotational grazing, good irrigation schedule, and roguing of pastures. Fertilizer application is also a management practice that can be used to improve soil fertility and increase forage production. However, overgrazing is not a method of rangeland management because it leads to the degradation of rangeland resources, such as soil erosion, loss of vegetation, and reduced biodiversity. Therefore, the answer is option A - Overgrazing.
Question 11 Rapport
Which of the following does not fit into the agricultural use of land?
Détails de la réponse
The option that does not fit into the agricultural use of land is "mining". Agriculture is the practice of cultivating land, raising animals, and producing food, fiber, and other products to sustain human life. Mining, on the other hand, involves the extraction of minerals and other valuable materials from the earth's surface. While agriculture involves the management of land for the purpose of producing food and other agricultural products, mining does not involve the same type of land management and is not typically considered an agricultural practice.
Question 13 Rapport
The effects of high environmental temperature on dairy cows include the following except
Détails de la réponse
The correct option is "high feed intake." High environmental temperature has several negative effects on dairy cows, including fever, high water intake, low milk production, and restlessness. Heat stress caused by high temperatures can lead to decreased milk yield, reduced fertility, and increased susceptibility to diseases. In response to high temperatures, cows may also reduce their feed intake, which can further decrease milk production and cause weight loss. Therefore, high feed intake is not an effect of high environmental temperature on dairy cows.
Question 14 Rapport
Which of the following is an organic manure?
Détails de la réponse
Compost is an organic manure. Organic manure is a type of fertilizer made from natural sources, such as animal or plant materials. Compost is made by decomposing organic waste such as food scraps, leaves, grass clippings, and manure. It is rich in nutrients that plants need to grow, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Compost is often used to improve soil fertility and structure, as well as to retain moisture in the soil.
Question 15 Rapport
Which of the following gives the proper channel of agricultural marketing?
Détails de la réponse
Question 16 Rapport
Combine harvester is usually used for harvesting
Détails de la réponse
A combine harvester, also known as a combine, is a versatile machine that can be used for harvesting a variety of crops. However, among the options listed, the crop most commonly harvested using a combine harvester is rice. A combine harvester is equipped with a cutting platform that cuts the rice stalks and then separates the grain from the stalks and husks. The harvested rice is then stored in a hopper on the machine for transport. The use of a combine harvester for rice harvesting is faster and more efficient than traditional methods and can help farmers to increase their yield and profitability.
Question 17 Rapport
If cassava is planted at a spacing of 1m x 1m, what will be the plant population on 1 hectare of land?
Détails de la réponse
Question 18 Rapport
Gneiss id a metamorphic rock formed from
Détails de la réponse
Gneiss is a metamorphic rock that is formed from granite. Granite is a type of igneous rock that is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. When granite is subjected to high temperatures and pressure over a long period of time, it undergoes a metamorphic process and transforms into gneiss. This process involves the rearrangement of mineral crystals within the rock, resulting in the characteristic layered structure of gneiss.
Question 19 Rapport
Which of the following is most ideal when cow dies due to anthrax disease?
Détails de la réponse
Question 21 Rapport
If the percentage of nitrogen in ammonium sulphate fertilizer is 20%, calculate the amount of nitrogen in 500 kg of the fertilizer.
Détails de la réponse
If the percentage of nitrogen in ammonium sulphate fertilizer is 20%, then 20% of 500 kg will be: 20/100 x 500 kg = 100 kg Therefore, the amount of nitrogen in 500 kg of the fertilizer is 100 kg. Hence, the correct option is 4. 100 kg.
Question 22 Rapport
The particle size of silt is
Détails de la réponse
The particle size of silt is 0.002 mm - 0.02 mm. This means that silt particles are smaller than sand particles (which are 0.02 mm - 2 mm) but larger than clay particles (which are smaller than 0.002 mm). Silt particles are often considered ideal for soil fertility because they are small enough to increase soil porosity and water-holding capacity, but not so small that they easily compact and reduce soil aeration.
Question 23 Rapport
Which of the following pasture grasses can be propagated mainly by roots and seeds?
Détails de la réponse
Guinea grass can be propagated mainly by roots and seeds. Guinea grass (Panicum maximum) is a tropical grass widely used for grazing livestock in many parts of the world. It is known for its high yield, high protein content, and tolerance to a range of environmental conditions. Guinea grass can be propagated by root splits and seeds, making it relatively easy to establish in pastures. The other grasses mentioned in the options may also have some capacity for vegetative propagation, but they are primarily propagated by other means, such as stolons or rhizomes.
Question 25 Rapport
What is the main difference between forage and fodder crops? Forage crops are
Détails de la réponse
Question 26 Rapport
Which of the following types of labour is commonly used in peasant agriculture?
Détails de la réponse
Peasant agriculture is typically characterized by small-scale farming operations with limited resources, which often rely on family labor as the primary source of work. Therefore, the type of labor that is commonly used in peasant agriculture is "family labor." Family labor involves the use of family members for various farming activities, such as planting, weeding, harvesting, and other related farm operations. In this type of labor, family members do not receive any salary or wages but rather share in the farm's profits or benefits. It is an essential component of peasant agriculture and helps to reduce labor costs, increase productivity, and ensure food security for the family.
Question 27 Rapport
One hectare of a school farm equals
Détails de la réponse
One hectare of land is equal to 10,000 square meters (m²). Therefore, one hectare of a school farm is equal to 10,000m².
Question 28 Rapport
The correct sequence of the components of a goat's stomach is
Détails de la réponse
A goat's stomach has four compartments, which are the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum. The correct sequence of the components of a goat's stomach is rumen-reticulum-abomasum-omasum. This is because when a goat eats, the food goes into the rumen and reticulum, where it is fermented and partially digested. The food is then regurgitated and chewed again before being swallowed and sent to the omasum for further digestion and absorption of nutrients. Finally, the remaining digesta enters the abomasum, which is the true stomach, where it is mixed with acid and digestive enzymes to complete the process of digestion.
Question 29 Rapport
Layers mash should contain a high percentage of
Détails de la réponse
Layers mash should contain a high percentage of calcium. This is because calcium is a vital mineral that is essential for eggshell formation in poultry. Laying hens require a sufficient amount of calcium in their diet to lay eggs with strong, hard shells. Calcium deficiency in hens can lead to soft-shelled or shell-less eggs, which are prone to breakage and can cause health problems for the birds. Therefore, it is important to provide layers with a diet that is rich in calcium, typically provided in the form of calcium carbonate.
Question 30 Rapport
The foot and mouth disease of cattle is caused by a
Détails de la réponse
The foot and mouth disease of cattle is caused by a virus. The foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cattle and other cloven-hoofed animals such as sheep, goats, and pigs. The virus is spread through direct contact with an infected animal or contact with contaminated objects or surfaces. It affects the animals by causing blisters and sores on their mouth, feet, and teats, which leads to fever, lameness, and reduced milk production. The virus can survive for long periods in contaminated soil, water, and manure. There is no cure for the disease, but vaccination is available for prevention.
Question 32 Rapport
The components of soil include the following except
Détails de la réponse
Soil is a complex mixture of different components that are essential for plant growth. These components include living organisms, such as bacteria and earthworms, which help in decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients. Moisture is also an important component of soil, as it provides water for plants to absorb through their roots. Mineral matter, such as sand, silt, and clay, make up the non-living part of soil and provide nutrients for plant growth. Humus is the organic matter in soil that comes from the decomposition of plant and animal remains. However, light is not a component of soil, as it is a form of electromagnetic radiation that does not physically make up the soil itself.
Question 33 Rapport
Cow dung is usually added to a fish pond in order to encourage the growth of
Détails de la réponse
Cow dung is usually added to a fish pond in order to encourage the growth of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Cow dung contains nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are essential for the growth of algae and other aquatic plants. These aquatic plants form the base of the food chain in a fish pond by providing a source of food for zooplankton, which in turn are eaten by small fish, and so on up the food chain. Therefore, adding cow dung to a fish pond can help increase the amount of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the water, ultimately leading to a healthier and more productive fish population.
Question 35 Rapport
Which of the following is not true about the aims of crop improvement? Production of
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Question 36 Rapport
The system of irrigation whereby water is introduced as a sheet over farmland is referred to as
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Question 37 Rapport
A stoloniferous grass which spreads rapidly and forms a good ground cover is
Détails de la réponse
The stoloniferous grass which spreads rapidly and forms a good ground cover is Cynodon plectostachyus. Stoloniferous means that the grass produces horizontal stems called stolons that spread along the ground, forming new plants at each node. This allows the grass to rapidly cover a large area, making it useful for ground cover. Cynodon plectostachyus is also known as "African Bermuda grass" and is commonly used for grazing livestock and erosion control.
Question 38 Rapport
The major pest of maize in Southern Nigeria is called
Détails de la réponse
The major pest of maize in Southern Nigeria is called "stem borer". Stem borers are insects that tunnel into the stem of the maize plant, causing damage to the plant and reducing its yield. They are common in many parts of the world and can cause significant economic losses to farmers. The stem borer larvae feed on the plant's tissue, causing wilting and stunting of growth. Adult stem borers are typically brown or gray moths that lay their eggs on the maize plant's leaves or stem. When the eggs hatch, the larvae bore into the stem and begin feeding, causing damage to the plant.
Question 39 Rapport
Which of these groups of crops require nursery for their successful cultivation?
Détails de la réponse
Question 41 Rapport
The quantity of food crop available for sale at the current market price over a period of time is known as
Détails de la réponse
The term that best fits the definition provided is 'supply'. Supply refers to the quantity of a particular good or service that producers are willing and able to offer for sale at a particular market price over a given period of time. In this case, the focus is on the quantity of food crop available for sale, which falls under the purview of supply.
Question 42 Rapport
The act of clearing forests is termed
Détails de la réponse
The act of clearing forests is termed "deforestation." It refers to the deliberate removal or destruction of trees and other vegetation from an area. Deforestation is often done to make room for agriculture, human settlements, and industrial activities. Deforestation has negative impacts on the environment, such as soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and increased greenhouse gas emissions.
Question 43 Rapport
Which of the following is obtained from rubber tree?
Détails de la réponse
The correct answer is "latex". The rubber tree is a major source of natural rubber latex, which is harvested by making small incisions in the bark of the tree and collecting the sap that flows out. Latex is a milky liquid containing a complex mixture of organic compounds, including rubber hydrocarbons, proteins, sugars, and various other substances. It is used to produce a wide variety of rubber products, such as tires, gloves, balloons, and medical equipment.
Question 44 Rapport
The mating of different breeds of animals is known as
Détails de la réponse
The mating of different breeds of animals is known as cross-breeding. Cross-breeding involves mating individuals from different breeds, resulting in offspring that exhibit a combination of traits from each parent breed. This is often done to produce animals with desirable characteristics, such as increased milk or meat production, improved disease resistance, or better temperament. Cross-breeding is also important for genetic diversity and can help to prevent inbreeding depression.
Question 45 Rapport
A motorized sprayer was purchased at N2,000.0 and sold at N1,000.00 after 5 years. calculate the annual depreciation of the sprayer.
Détails de la réponse
The annual depreciation of the sprayer can be calculated using the straight-line method of depreciation. This method assumes that the asset depreciates at a constant rate over its useful life. To calculate the annual depreciation, we need to first determine the depreciable value of the sprayer. Depreciable value is the difference between the cost of the asset and its salvage value (the amount for which it is sold at the end of its useful life). Depreciable value = Cost - Salvage value Depreciable value = N2,000.00 - N1,000.00 Depreciable value = N1,000.00 Since the sprayer was used for 5 years, its useful life is 5 years. Annual depreciation = Depreciable value / Useful life Annual depreciation = N1,000.00 / 5 Annual depreciation = N200.00 Therefore, the annual depreciation of the sprayer is N200.00.
Question 47 Rapport
Which of the following insect pests of crops is usually controlled by fumigation?
Détails de la réponse
Fumigation is a process of pest control that involves the use of chemicals in a gaseous form to eliminate pests. Among the given options, bean weevils are the insect pests of crops that are usually controlled by fumigation. Therefore, the correct answer is "bean weevil".
Question 48 Rapport
Which of the following symptoms occurs when there is deficiency of iron and copper in livestock rations?
Détails de la réponse
The symptom that occurs when there is a deficiency of iron and copper in livestock rations is anemia. Anemia is a condition where the body does not have enough red blood cells or hemoglobin, which are responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues. Iron and copper are essential minerals that are required for the production of hemoglobin. A deficiency of these minerals can result in anemia, which can cause reduced growth rate and weakness in livestock. Rickets is a condition caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, which can result in weakened and deformed bones. Scaly skin and lameness are not typically associated with deficiencies of iron and copper.
Question 49 Rapport
A major raw material of the paper industry is
Détails de la réponse
The major raw material of the paper industry is pulp. Pulp is made by separating the cellulose fibers from the other components of wood, such as lignin and hemicellulose, through a process called pulping. The cellulose fibers are then processed further to make different types of paper products. Other raw materials like recycled paper and non-wood fibers can also be used in making pulp, but wood pulp is the primary raw material for the paper industry.
Question 50 Rapport
Which of the following is the correct function of the gizzard?
Détails de la réponse
The correct function of the gizzard is grinding of food. The gizzard is a muscular organ in the digestive tract of birds that contains small stones or grits which help in grinding and crushing food particles into smaller pieces. The muscular walls of the gizzard contract and relax, squeezing and grinding the food against the grits or stones, breaking it down into smaller pieces that can be easily digested and absorbed by the bird's digestive system. This process of mechanical digestion is important for birds because they do not have teeth to chew their food like mammals. Therefore, the gizzard serves as a bird's teeth, helping to break down tough food materials such as seeds, grains, and insects.
Question 51 Rapport
The provision of farm inputs to farmers by government can best be described as
Détails de la réponse
The provision of farm inputs to farmers by the government can best be described as a subsidy. This is because a subsidy is a financial assistance given by the government to a specific group or industry to support them and make their products more affordable to the consumers. In the case of farm inputs, the government provides support to farmers by subsidizing the cost of inputs such as fertilizers, seeds, and other necessary materials needed for farming. This helps to increase the farmers' yield and productivity, which ultimately benefits the economy as a whole.
Question 52 Rapport
Which of the following uses of land should be given more attention in Nigeria for self sufficiency in food production?
Détails de la réponse
Establishment of agriculture and forestry should be given more attention in Nigeria for self-sufficiency in food production. Agriculture and forestry involve the cultivation of crops and the management of forests, respectively. Nigeria is blessed with fertile land and a favourable climate, which are ideal for agriculture and forestry. By establishing agriculture and forestry, Nigeria can increase its food production and achieve self-sufficiency in food supply. This will not only reduce the country's dependence on food imports but also create job opportunities for the people. The construction of roads, building of research centres, establishment of wildlife, and construction of fish ponds are also important, but the establishment of agriculture and forestry should be given more priority as it is essential for food security and economic growth.
Question 53 Rapport
A miracidium is a larval stage of a
Détails de la réponse
A miracidium is a larval stage of a liver fluke. The liver fluke is a parasitic flatworm that infects the liver of various mammals, including humans. The life cycle of the liver fluke involves several stages, including the miracidium, which is released from the eggs of the fluke and infects a snail intermediate host. After undergoing several more developmental stages in the snail, the fluke is released as a cercariae, which can infect the final host, such as a cow or a human, by penetrating the skin or being ingested.
Question 54 Rapport
a) Explain the term ration. (b) Name four classes of livestock feed and list two characteristics of each class. Distinguish between maintenance and production rations
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Question 55 Rapport
Explain briefly the following terms in farm management: (a) farm valuation. (b) cash analysis account; (c) profit and loss account; (d) balance sheet.
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Question 56 Rapport
Describe briefly the production of cocoa under the following headings: - (a) method of propagation; (b) climatic a ( soil requirements.' (c) nursery requirement; (d) maturity period., (e) method of harvesting; (f) two major diseases and their control
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Question 57 Rapport
(a) Explain the term farm mechanisation (b) State seven advantages and seven disadvantages of farm mechanization
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Question 58 Rapport
(a). State three effects of maize weevil on maize grains. (b) Explain briefly five general control measures of insect pests of grains in storage. (c) Name the vector for each of the following crop diseases: (i) groundnut rosette; (ii) maize streak; (iii) cassava mosaic.
Détails de la réponse
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Question 59 Rapport
(a) Discuss briefly four ways in which any three of the following Government agricultural programmes have contributed to the agricultural development of Nigeria: (i) Agricultural Development projects (ii) Farm Settlement Scheme .(iii) Co-operative Farming (iv) River Basin and Rural Development Authorities (v) Agricultural Research Institutes
(b) List four agro-based industries. in Nigeria and state the raw materials used in each Industry.
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Question 60 Rapport
(a) Explain briefly four factors of soil formation. (b) List four chemical processes in the weathering of rocks.
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Question 61 Rapport
Write short notes on the following: (a) bush burning; (b) clean clearing; (c) organic manuring
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Question 62 Rapport
(a) State seven reasons for good housing in poultry management. (b) Describe briefly nine essential features of a poultry deep litter house
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Question 63 Rapport
(a) List four marketing agents for agricultural products. (b) Discuss briefly four importance of middlemen in agricultural marketing. (c) Outline eight problems of agricultural marketing in Nigeria.
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