JAMB UTME - History - 2021

After the death of Said bin Sultan, the empire was divided in what year and they practised what type of governmnent?

Antwortdetails

The Sultanate of Oman was divided in 1856 after the death of Said bin Sultan and was ruled by a monarchical system of government. This means that the country was ruled by a king or a sultan, who had complete control over the government and was considered the highest authority in the land. The monarch had the power to make laws, appoint officials, and govern the country according to his own wishes. The monarchical system of government in Oman has been in place since that time and continues to this day.

ECOWAS was found under whose leadership?

Antwortdetails

ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States) was founded under the leadership of Yakubu Gowon. Yakubu Gowon was the head of state of Nigeria from 1966 to 1975. In May 1975, he hosted the summit of the Heads of State and Government of West African countries in Lagos, Nigeria. During the summit, the idea of creating a regional economic community was proposed, and on May 28, 1975, the Treaty of Lagos was signed, establishing the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The main objective of ECOWAS was to promote economic integration among West African countries and to create a common market for the region. It aimed to promote cooperation in trade, investment, agriculture, and industry, as well as to improve the transport and communication infrastructure of the region. Today, ECOWAS has expanded its scope to include political and security cooperation, as well as promoting democratic governance in the region. In summary, Yakubu Gowon, the head of state of Nigeria, was the leader under whose leadership ECOWAS was founded in 1975.

The amalgamation of the Northern and Southern protectorate of Nigeria took place on

Antwortdetails

The amalgamation of the Northern and Southern protectorate of Nigeria took place on 1 January, 1914. This was when the British colonial government merged the two separate territories of Northern and Southern Nigeria into one administrative unit. The aim of the amalgamation was to create a more efficient and centralized administration, and to better exploit the economic and natural resources of Nigeria. The merger was largely an administrative one, and did not immediately lead to a unified sense of national identity among Nigerians. However, it was a significant event in Nigeria's history, as it paved the way for the country's eventual independence in 1960.

All of these are independent Hausa city states in Nigeria except

Antwortdetails

The Omani Empire vyed with ..... and ...... for trade

Antwortdetails

The Omani Empire vied with Portugal and Britain for trade. This means that Oman was in competition with both Portugal and Britain to control and benefit from the trade that took place in the region. The Portuguese and British were major naval powers in the Indian Ocean, and they were also involved in the spice trade that was important to Oman's economy. The Omani Empire competed with these two powers to maintain their control over the trade routes and to protect their own commercial interests. This competition was a significant factor in the history of Oman and the broader region, as it influenced the development of the Omani Empire and the larger geopolitical landscape of the Indian Ocean.

The quest for self government was a motion proposed by ______ in ______

Antwortdetails

The motion for self-government was proposed by Anthony Enahoro in 1953. Enahoro was a Nigerian politician who was part of the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC) political party. He moved the motion for self-government in the Nigerian House of Representatives, which called for Nigeria to be granted self-rule in a period of no more than five years. The motion was seconded by several other members of the House of Representatives and sparked a national conversation about Nigerian independence, ultimately leading to Nigeria gaining independence from Britain in 1960.

All the following are reasons for military intervention in Nigeria except

Antwortdetails

The reason that does not fit as a reason for military intervention in Nigeria is "regular promotion of military officers." Military intervention usually occurs when there is a perceived threat to the stability of the country, such as political instability, social unrest, or economic crisis. It is not typically a result of the routine promotions of military officers.

The division of Sokoto caliphates into emirates is due to ________

Antwortdetails

The division of the Sokoto Caliphate into emirates was primarily due to geographical reasons. The Sokoto Caliphate was a vast empire that covered a large area of what is now Northern Nigeria, and it was ruled by an Islamic leader known as the Sultan. However, as the Caliphate expanded, it became increasingly difficult for the Sultan to effectively govern such a large territory from one centralized location. Therefore, the Sultanate was divided into smaller emirates, each with its own Emir who was responsible for administering the affairs of the local population in his domain. This helped to bring governance closer to the people, making it easier to provide for their needs and address their concerns. While the Sokoto Caliphate was established through a Jihad war led by Usman Dan Fodio, the division of the empire into emirates was not due to this war or the autocratic rule of Dan Fodio. Instead, it was a practical solution to the challenge of governing a large and diverse territory effectively.

Sierria Leone and Liberia were founded in what year _______ and _______ respectively

Antwortdetails

Sierra Leone was founded in 1787, and Liberia was founded in 1824. Sierra Leone was established by British philanthropists who wanted to create a colony for freed slaves and free people of African descent. The first group of settlers arrived in Sierra Leone in March 1787 and established a settlement in what is now known as Freetown. Liberia was founded by the American Colonization Society (ACS), a group of American abolitionists who wanted to establish a colony for freed American slaves. The first group of settlers arrived in Liberia in 1822 and established a settlement that later became known as Monrovia, named after James Monroe, the fifth President of the United States. Both Sierra Leone and Liberia were established as colonies for freed slaves, but the circumstances and motivations behind their founding were different. Sierra Leone was founded by British philanthropists, while Liberia was founded by American abolitionists.

The ______ presides over the Shariah Law court in the Sokoto Caliphate

Antwortdetails

The Alkali is the official who presides over the Shariah Law court in the Sokoto Caliphate. The Sokoto Caliphate was a Muslim empire that existed in what is now Nigeria in the 19th century, and it was known for its strict adherence to Islamic law. The Alkali was responsible for interpreting and enforcing Islamic law in the region, and his decisions were final and binding. The position of Alkali was highly respected and regarded as one of the most important in the Sokoto Caliphate. The Alkali was appointed by the Sultan of Sokoto, who was the supreme leader of the Caliphate.

The last colonial governor general of Nigeria was_____________

Antwortdetails

The last colonial governor general of Nigeria was James Robertson. He served as the governor general from 1960 to October 1, 1960 when Nigeria gained independence from British colonial rule. Governor generals were the representatives of the British monarch in the colonies and were responsible for overseeing the administration and governance of the colony. James Robertson was the last person to hold this position in Nigeria before the country became an independent nation.

The Afrikaans Groot Trek, the migraton of some 12,000 to 14,000 Boers from cape colony in south Africa took place between ____ and ____

Antwortdetails

The Afrikaans Groot Trek, which was a migration of Boers from the Cape Colony in South Africa, took place between 1835 and 1840. This means that the correct answer is the first option: 1835/1840. During this time, the Boers were dissatisfied with British rule and felt that they were losing their independence and culture. They decided to leave the Cape Colony and head north, where they believed they could establish their own independent republics. This journey, which took several years and was marked by many hardships and conflicts with indigenous peoples, is known as the Groot Trek. Ultimately, the Boers were successful in establishing several independent republics, including the Orange Free State and the South African Republic (also known as the Transvaal). However, these republics would eventually come into conflict with the British Empire, leading to the Anglo-Boer War in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

The last ruler of the Oguso dynasty in the Benin Empire was

Antwortdetails

The last ruler of the Ogiso dynasty in the Benin Empire was Oba Owodo. The Ogiso dynasty ruled the Benin Empire before the Obas. According to Benin tradition, the Ogiso dynasty ended when the last Ogiso, Ogiso Owodo, was overthrown by his own chiefs, who then invited Prince Oranmiyan of Ife to rule as the first Oba of Benin. This event is said to have occurred around the 12th or 13th century. Therefore, Chief Oba Eweka, Oba Oromiyan, and Oba Eware were all Obas of Benin who came after the Ogiso dynasty.

Sierra leone gained independence in?

Antwortdetails

Sierra Leone gained its independence in 1961. To put it simply, gaining independence means that a country is no longer controlled by another country. In the case of Sierra Leone, it was a British colony, which means that the British government was in charge of the country. However, after years of struggle and resistance by Sierra Leonean activists and politicians, Sierra Leone became an independent country in 1961. This means that the people of Sierra Leone were finally able to govern themselves and make their own decisions about how their country should be run.

The Alaafin of Oyo was remarkable assisted usually by _________

Antwortdetails

Which administration favoured decoloniation as self-determination of African states.

Antwortdetails

The administration that favored decolonization as self-determination of African states was the Murtala/Obasanjo regime. This administration was in power in Nigeria from 1975 to 1979. General Murtala Mohammed was the military head of state, and General Olusegun Obasanjo was his deputy. The Murtala/Obasanjo regime was known for its Pan-Africanism and commitment to the liberation of other African countries from colonial rule. The administration strongly supported the movements for independence and self-determination in southern Africa, particularly in Angola, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe. The regime also took a leading role in pushing for the end of apartheid in South Africa. The Murtala/Obasanjo regime was instrumental in establishing the Frontline States, a group of southern African countries that were committed to the liberation of the region from colonial rule. The regime provided military and financial support to the liberation movements in these countries, and also hosted meetings and conferences to coordinate their efforts. In summary, the Murtala/Obasanjo regime favored decolonization as self-determination of African states, and actively worked towards the liberation of other African countries from colonial rule.

All of these but one is not part of the reasons why Europeans came to Nigeria?

Antwortdetails

Out of these options, "Education" is not one of the main reasons why Europeans came to Nigeria. The other three options, Slava trade, Religion, and Commercialization, were some of the main reasons for European presence in Nigeria. Slave trade refers to the trade of African people as slaves to Europe and the Americas. Europeans came to Nigeria to capture and trade Africans as slaves. Religion refers to the spread of Christianity by European missionaries to Nigeria. They came to convert the local people to Christianity. Commercialization refers to the desire of Europeans to establish trade and commerce in Nigeria. They came to exploit the natural resources of Nigeria and trade with the local people. So, Education was not one of the main reasons for European presence in Nigeria.

Which of the following is incorrect.?

Antwortdetails

Which of the following formalized colonial penetration into Africa?

Antwortdetails

The Berlin Conference was the formalized colonial penetration into Africa. It was a meeting of European colonial powers held in Berlin, Germany in 1884-1885. During the conference, the European nations divided up Africa among themselves, with little regard for the existing ethnic and cultural borders of the African nations. The conference marked the beginning of the "Scramble for Africa," as European powers rushed to claim as much of the continent as possible for themselves. The decisions made at the Berlin Conference had a profound and lasting impact on Africa, shaping its borders and political landscape for decades to come.

Regionalism was undisputably acknowledged and accredited to _________

Antwortdetails

The Nationalist organization formed in Nigeria in the late 1930s was the

Antwortdetails

The system the colonialists introduced in Nigeria to administer their function was regarded as?

Antwortdetails

The colonial system introduced by the colonialists in Nigeria was known as "Indirect Rule". Indirect rule was a system where the colonial government relied on local leaders, such as traditional chiefs, to govern and administer the local population on their behalf. The colonial authorities would provide these local leaders with guidelines and directives, and they would then implement these policies in their own communities. This allowed the colonial government to exert control over the colony with a relatively small number of colonial administrators. The aim of indirect rule was to maintain control over the colony while minimizing the costs of administration and minimizing resistance to colonial rule. This system was seen as a more efficient and cost-effective way to govern the colony than direct rule, where colonial administrators would directly govern the population.

The leader of the South African's black consciousness movement (Steve Biko) died in _________

Antwortdetails

The leader of the South African's black consciousness movement, Steve Biko, died in 1977. Steve Biko was a prominent anti-apartheid activist and a leading figure in the black consciousness movement in South Africa. He worked tirelessly to fight against the oppressive apartheid system, which discriminated against black people in South Africa. In 1977, Biko was arrested by the South African authorities and was severely beaten during his detention. He suffered a head injury and was denied medical treatment, which resulted in his death. Therefore, the correct answer is 1977.

Lyttleton significance in the political development of Nigeria was that, he ______

Antwortdetails

Which of the following party formed an alliance in the second republic?

Antwortdetails

who was the greatest ruler in the Kanem Borno empire?

Antwortdetails

Mai Dunama Dibbalemi was considered the greatest ruler in the Kanem Borno Empire. He ruled the empire from 1221 to 1259 CE and during his reign, he expanded the empire's territory, strengthened its military, and oversaw a period of cultural and economic growth. Dunama Dibbalemi was known for his military prowess and strategic alliances, which allowed him to conquer neighboring territories and extend the empire's reach. He also established a new capital city, Njimi, which became the center of political and cultural life in the empire. Under his leadership, the Kanem Borno Empire became one of the largest and most powerful states in West Africa. In addition to his military and political accomplishments, Dunama Dibbalemi was also known for his support of learning and scholarship. He invited scholars and intellectuals from throughout the Islamic world to his court, and he sponsored the translation and study of classical texts in fields such as astronomy, mathematics, and medicine. This patronage of learning helped to make the Kanem Borno Empire a center of intellectual and cultural exchange in the region. Overall, Dunama Dibbalemi is considered the greatest ruler in the Kanem Borno Empire due to his many achievements in expanding the empire's territory, strengthening its military, and promoting learning and scholarship.

The colonialist officially left Nigeria so as to enable her self government in__________

Antwortdetails

The indirect rule system succeeded in Huasa/Fulani society because the

Antwortdetails

The indirect rule system succeeded in Hausa/Fulani society primarily because the existing administration favored the system. The British colonial government recognized the existing hierarchical and decentralized political structure in the society and chose to rule indirectly through local rulers instead of imposing direct rule. Additionally, the fact that many people in the society received Islamic education also facilitated the acceptance of the system, as it aligned with the Islamic principle of submitting to legitimate authority. The size of the region or whether the society was practicing anarchy were not the main factors contributing to the success of the indirect rule system.

Educated elites did not like the system of indirect rule in Nigeria because it

Antwortdetails

When the pattern of Assimilation failed, the french colonialist resolved to ________

Antwortdetails

How many people died in the Mfecane war?

Antwortdetails

The Mfecane, also known as the Difaqane, was a period of widespread chaos, violence, and displacement in Southern Africa in the early 19th century. It was caused by a combination of factors, including the rise of the Zulu kingdom under Shaka, droughts, and the arrival of European settlers. Estimating the number of deaths during the Mfecane is difficult because of the lack of reliable records and the fact that many people were displaced and may have died of starvation or disease. However, historians and researchers generally agree that the number of deaths was significant. Based on the available historical records and estimates, it is generally believed that the number of deaths during the Mfecane was somewhere between 1 to 2 million people. However, it is important to note that this is a rough estimate, and the actual number may be higher or lower. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is: - Over 1 to 2 million people died in the Mfecane war.

How many years/Months/days did Murtala Muhammed spend in office and was assasinated by who?

Antwortdetails

The Igbo's active resistance to British colonial rule is particaularly because of the

Antwortdetails

Murtala Muhammed created 19 states out of ______ in he year

Antwortdetails

Murtala Muhammed created 19 states out of Nigeria in the year 1976. Before Murtala Muhammed created the states, Nigeria was divided into 12 states. In 1967, the military government of General Yakubu Gowon had created 12 states out of the four regions that existed at the time. These states were further subdivided into a total of 19 states in 1976 by Murtala Muhammed's administration. The creation of these additional states was part of Murtala Muhammed's plan to decentralize power and bring government closer to the people. Each of the 19 states was created with its own capital city, local government system, and administrative structure. This move was aimed at promoting national unity and reducing the tensions between different ethnic groups. The creation of more states also helped to improve the distribution of resources and development across the country. Overall, the creation of 19 states in 1976 by Murtala Muhammed's administration had a significant impact on Nigeria's political, social, and economic development.

Indirect rule was first practised in ______ before it was introduced to Nigeria.

Antwortdetails

Indirect rule was first practiced in India before it was introduced to Nigeria. Indirect rule is a system of governance where a colonial power rules a country through traditional rulers and local institutions. It was first introduced in India by the British during their colonial rule. The British adopted this system of governance to save on the cost of administration and also to make it easier to control their colonies by using local rulers and institutions to implement their policies. The British then introduced indirect rule to Nigeria in the early 20th century, after they had gained control over the country. They used traditional rulers and local institutions to help them govern the country, rather than ruling directly from the colonial center. The system was also used in other British colonies, including Malaya (now Malaysia) and Sudan. In summary, the practice of indirect rule was first introduced in India before it was later adopted in Nigeria and other British colonies.

Abacha regime saw to the termination of _________

Antwortdetails

The Abacha regime oversaw the termination of Ernest Shonekan's government. Ernest Shonekan was appointed as the interim head of state by Ibrahim Babangida, who had stepped down from power in 1993. Shonekan was appointed with the mandate to organize new elections and return Nigeria to civilian rule. However, his government was short-lived as it was overthrown by Sani Abacha's military regime in November 1993, just three months after his appointment. Abacha assumed the position of military head of state and dissolved all democratic institutions, effectively ending the transition to civilian rule. Therefore, the correct answer is Ernest Shonekan.

Sierra Leone owes its name to the 15th century

Antwortdetails

Sierra Leone's name can be traced back to the 15th century when Portuguese explorers arrived on its shores. The name "Sierra Leone" is derived from the Portuguese phrase "Serra Leoa," which means "Lion Mountains." The name refers to the mountainous area around the capital, Freetown, which is located on a peninsula surrounded by hills. The Portuguese used the name to refer to the region's mountains, which they believed resembled a lion's profile when viewed from a distance. The name stuck and was later adopted by other European powers that colonized the region, including the British, who established a colony there in the late 18th century. So, the answer is Portuguese.

The Nigeria colonial economy majorly depended on the exportation of _______

Antwortdetails

At the bide of Benin, the ethnic group that occupied the interland include __________

Antwortdetails

At the bight of Benin, the ethnic group that occupied the interland include the Edo, Yoruba, Urhobo. The Bight of Benin is a bay on the West African coast, and in the past, it was an important region for trade and commerce. The interland, or the interior part of the region, was inhabited by various ethnic groups, including the Edo, Yoruba, and Urhobo. The Edo people are the largest ethnic group in the region and they are the indigenous people of the Benin Kingdom, which was a pre-colonial African state located in what is now southern Nigeria. The Yoruba people are also a large ethnic group in the region and they are known for their rich cultural heritage, including art, music, and religion. The Urhobo people are a smaller ethnic group, but they also have a rich cultural heritage and have made significant contributions to the development of the region. These three ethnic groups, the Edo, Yoruba, and Urhobo, were among the groups that occupied the interland at the bight of Benin, and they continue to play important roles in the region to this day.

The most important conquest of Umar was that they establish the __________

Antwortdetails