Which traditional Nigerian art uses symbolic drawings often on the body or walls?

Uli is the traditional Nigerian art form that uses symbolic drawings on the body and walls. Originating from the Igbo people of southeastern Nigeria, Uli involves painting intricate linear designs using natural dyes extracted from the seeds of the Uli tree (Rothmannia whitfieldii) and other plant sources.

Uli designs were traditionally applied to women's bodies for ceremonies, festivals, and rites of passage, and were also painted on the walls of homes, shrines, and meeting places. The designs feature flowing, curvilinear patterns with symbolic meanings, often representing natural forms such as plants, animals, the moon, and the python. Each motif carries specific cultural significance within Igbo cosmology and social life.

Nsibidi is a system of ideographic symbols used primarily by the Ejagham (Ekoi) people and some Cross River communities, functioning more as a form of writing or symbolic communication than as body or wall decoration in the same sense as Uli. Adinkra is a symbol system of the Akan people of Ghana, not Nigerian. Batik is a wax-resist textile dyeing technique and is not specifically a body or wall painting tradition.