In traditional Nigerian pottery, which material is most commonly used?

In traditional Nigerian pottery, the material most commonly used is clay. Clay is a naturally occurring, fine-grained earth material that becomes plastic and mouldable when mixed with water, and hardens permanently when fired at high temperatures. These properties make it the ideal material for forming pots, bowls, water vessels, storage jars, and other ceramic items.

Pottery has a long history in Nigeria, with traditions found among many ethnic groups including the Nok, Yoruba, Igbo, and Hausa. Women have traditionally been the primary potters in many Nigerian communities, shaping clay vessels by hand using coiling and moulding techniques, then firing them in open kilns or pit fires.

Paper is not a material used in pottery. Glass requires specialised furnaces and techniques quite different from traditional pottery. Metal is used in metalworking and casting, which are separate crafts from pottery. Clay remains the fundamental and defining material of the potter's craft across all Nigerian pottery traditions.