A development charity is studying a rural district in Kenya where a new borehole, shown in Fig. 1, supplies water to a school, homes and small vegetable plo...
Question 1 Report
A development charity is studying a rural district in Kenya where a new borehole, shown in Fig. 1, supplies water to a school, homes and small vegetable plots. Before the borehole was drilled, many households collected water from a seasonal river. The charity wants to decide whether the scheme has reduced inequalities between villages and whether it is sustainable during a long dry season.
Identify the source of water used before the borehole scheme. [1]
Identify two ways a reliable water supply can improve quality of life. [2]
Identify one group shown in Fig. 1 that may benefit directly from the vegetable plots. [1]
Identify two measures that could help the community maintain the borehole in the future. [2]
Answer Details
Labelled answer diagram:
(a) Before the scheme, households collected water from the seasonal river. [1]
(b) A reliable supply can improve quality of life because:
- people spend less time collecting water, leaving more time for school, work or caring responsibilities;
- cleaner, more dependable water can reduce the risk of water-borne disease and improve hygiene.
Irrigation increasing food or income, and more regular school attendance, are also valid. [2]
(c) Local farmers or households growing vegetables benefit directly from the vegetable plots, through food production or sales. [1]
(d) Sustainable maintenance could include:
- training local repair workers, so faults can be fixed without waiting for outside support;
- collecting small maintenance payments to fund repairs and replacement parts.
Protecting the pump, monitoring groundwater use and keeping spare parts locally are also acceptable. [2]
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