WAEC SSCE - Biology - 2001 (Objective)

Question 1 Report

Which of the following pairs of structures does not perform similar functions?

Lungs and spiracles

Root hair and mammalian hair

Feathers and scales

Contractile vacuole and kidney

Answer Details

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Question 2 Report

Which of the following is an evidence of photosynthesis?

Absorption of light

Formation of starch

Availability of carbon dioxide

Splitting of water molecules

Answer Details

The evidence of photosynthesis is the formation of starch. Starch is a complex carbohydrate that is synthesized by plants during the process of photosynthesis. The energy for this process is obtained from the absorption of light by pigments such as chlorophyll. Carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil are also necessary for photosynthesis to occur. During photosynthesis, water molecules are split into hydrogen and oxygen, but this process is not considered as direct evidence of photosynthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is the formation of starch.

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Protein Synthesis

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Question 3 Report

Which of these is not correct about the tse-tsefly and mosquito? They

harbour protozoa as disease agents

possess piercing and sucking mouth parts

have intermediate hosts

inject disease- causing organisms into the blood stream

Answer Details

The statement "They have intermediate hosts" is not correct for both tsetse flies and mosquitoes. Tsetse flies and mosquitoes both harbour protozoa as disease agents, possess piercing and sucking mouthparts, and inject disease-causing organisms into the bloodstream. However, only some species of mosquitoes have intermediate hosts, which are typically other insects such as snails or mosquito larvae, in the life cycle of the parasites they transmit. Tsetse flies, on the other hand, do not have intermediate hosts in their transmission of diseases. Instead, they directly transmit the parasites to their mammalian hosts through their bite.

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Microorganisms: Man And Health

Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals

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Question 4 Report

Which of the following vertebrates incubate their eggs?

Mammals

Birds

Amphibians

Reptiles

Answer Details

Birds incubate their eggs. Birds have a special pouch called the brood pouch, which is located on their underbelly. The brood pouch is where the eggs are incubated until they hatch. The parent bird sits on the eggs to provide warmth and ensure that the eggs develop properly. During this process, the parent bird may leave the eggs briefly to feed or drink, but returns to continue the incubation process. Once the eggs hatch, the parent bird continues to provide care for the hatchlings until they are able to fend for themselves.

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Organization Of Life

Reproduction (Physical Changes In Males And Females)

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Question 5 Report

The substances recycled in the soil by the activities of micro-organisms during the decay of dead organisms
are first utilized by the

carnivores

herbivores

scavengers

autotrophs

Answer Details

The substances recycled in the soil by the activities of micro-organisms during the decay of dead organisms are first utilized by the autotrophs. Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis. They use the nutrients and other substances released during the decay of dead organisms to synthesize organic molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. These organic molecules are used as food by other organisms such as herbivores, carnivores, and scavengers in the food chain. Therefore, autotrophs play a crucial role in the cycling of nutrients in the ecosystem.

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Humans And Environment

Ecosystem

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Question 6 Report

Fresh milk is often kept in refrigerated vehicles, for distribution to customers in order to

ensure proper share of fresh milk to all customers.

ensure delivery of milk to customers in good time

improve the quality of the milk

ensure that the milk is presented for a longer period

Answer Details

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Transport System

Animal Nutrition

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Question 7 Report

Which of the following animals exhibits territoriality?

Bees

Bats

Lizards

Rabbit

Answer Details

Lizards exhibit territoriality. Territoriality is a behavior in which an animal defends a specific area or territory from intruders of the same species. This behavior is commonly observed in animals that need space and resources to survive and reproduce. Lizards are known to exhibit territorial behavior, particularly during the breeding season when males establish and defend their territories from other males. They use various behaviors such as head-bobbing, push-ups, and displaying bright colors to signal their ownership of the territory and to deter other males from entering. Territoriality in lizards is important for their survival and reproductive success because it helps ensure that they have access to resources such as food, water, and mates.

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Local (Nigerian) Biomes

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Question 8 Report

Short-sight could be corrected with the use of

convex lens

cylindrical lens

concave lens

bifocal lens

Answer Details

Short-sightedness or myopia is a condition where distant objects appear blurred while close objects appear clear. This occurs when the light entering the eye is not properly focused on the retina but in front of it. To correct this, a concave lens is used. A concave lens is thinner at the center and thicker at the edges, and it diverges light rays. By placing a concave lens in front of the eye, it helps to focus the light rays properly on the retina, thereby correcting the myopia.

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Sense Organs (Nose, Tongue & Skin)

Excretion

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Question 9 Report

The spinneret found in the caterpillar of butterfly is used for

protection against predators

feeding on vegetation

movement on twigs

production of silk thread

Answer Details

The spinneret found in the caterpillar of butterfly is used for the production of silk thread. Caterpillars are the larval stage of butterflies, and they use the spinneret to produce silk for various purposes such as creating a cocoon for metamorphosis, making a protective covering, or spinning a silk thread to help them climb or move around on leaves. The spinneret is located on the lower part of the caterpillar's head and is made up of a series of small tubes through which the silk is extruded. The silk is produced from special glands in the caterpillar's body and is forced through the spinneret, where it is spun into a thread. The caterpillar can produce different types of silk for different purposes, such as strong silk for cocoon-making or sticky silk for trapping prey.

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Question 10 Report

Use the human characteristics to answer this question.
i. Complexion ii. Height iii. Blood Rh factor iv. Colour blindess

Which of the characteristics can be expressed phenotypically?

I and II only

I, II and IV only

I, III and IV only

I, II and III only

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Question 11 Report

Which of the following statements about the maize grain is not correct?

undergoes hypogeal germination

is a fruit

is non-endospermous

has pericarp fused with the testa

Answer Details

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Cell Structure

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Question 12 Report

In medicine, bacteria have proved very useful due to the production of

nitrate

antibiotics

cured tobacco

tanned leather

Answer Details

Bacteria have proved very useful in medicine due to the production of antibiotics. Antibiotics are drugs that are used to treat bacterial infections by killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria. They have been instrumental in the treatment of many diseases caused by bacteria, including pneumonia, tuberculosis, and meningitis. The discovery of antibiotics has revolutionized medicine and has saved countless lives.

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Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals

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Question 13 Report

Which of the following processes occurs when the body temperature of a mammal rises above the normal?
I The arterioles in the skin dilate. II Sweat production is reduced. III The erector muscles contract.

I only

II only

I and III only

II and III only

Answer Details

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Regulation Of Internal Environment

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Question 14 Report

Which of the following groups contains a non-supporting structure in animals?

Cartilage, bone and pseudopodia

Pellicle, chitin and bone

Humerus, ribs and cartilage

Femur, pellicle and chitin

Answer Details

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Tissues And Supporting Systems:

Cell Structure

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Question 15 Report

Loam is the best type of soil for crop production because

it has a high percentage of clay which prevents leaching

it has high humus content

it is porous and has good water retention capacity

gravels which obstruct implements are absent from it

Answer Details

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Transport: Guttation

Soil

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Question 16 Report

Which of the following variations is applicable to a weight lifter?

Continuous variation

Discontinuous variation

Hereditary variation

Acquired variation

Answer Details

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Question 17 Report

The advantages of sexual reproduction include the following except

t allows the formation of new species

it allows production of desirable traits

it permits variation of individuals

it provides means for the variation of chromosome number from generation to generation.

Answer Details

The question asks to identify the option which is NOT an advantage of sexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is a process of reproduction that involves the fusion of gametes from two different parents. The advantages of sexual reproduction include: 1. It allows the formation of new species: Sexual reproduction promotes genetic diversity by allowing the shuffling of genes from two different individuals, which may lead to the formation of new species. 2. It allows production of desirable traits: Sexual reproduction permits the exchange of genetic material between two parents, allowing desirable traits to be passed on to offspring. 3. It permits variation of individuals: Sexual reproduction leads to the creation of offspring with genetic diversity, allowing for variations in characteristics such as color, size, and behavior. 4. It provides means for the variation of chromosome number from generation to generation: Sexual reproduction ensures that the number of chromosomes in the offspring is a combination of the parent's chromosomes, which can lead to variations in chromosome number from generation to generation. Therefore, the answer to the question is option D, "it provides means for the variation of chromosome number from generation to generation," as it is an advantage of sexual reproduction.

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Read lesson note on Reproduction (Physical Changes In Males And Females) (WAEC)

Growth

Reproduction (Physical Changes In Males And Females)

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Question 18 Report

A-person who fails to detect the bitter taste of a substance swallowed, is more likely to have

dead taste buds on the tongue

avoided the substance from contacting the back of his/her tongue

fewer taste buds on the tongue

swallowed the substance without any water

Answer Details

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Read lesson note on Factors Affecting The Distribution Of Organisms (JAMB)

Sense Organs (Nose, Tongue & Skin)

Factors Affecting The Distribution Of Organisms

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Question 19 Report

Which of the following is not a micronutrient?

Manganese

Copper

Potassium

Zinc

Answer Details

Micronutrients are essential nutrients that are required in small amounts by the body for proper growth, development, and maintenance of physiological functions. They include vitamins and minerals such as iron, iodine, zinc, and copper, among others. Potassium is not considered a micronutrient because it is required in relatively large amounts by the body and is classified as a macronutrient along with other nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Potassium is important for many physiological functions such as maintaining fluid balance and regulating heartbeat, and it is commonly found in many foods such as bananas, potatoes, and spinach.

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Modes Of Nutrition

Animal Nutrition

Microorganisms Around Us

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Question 20 Report

Which of the following is an agent of pollination of grasses?

Insects

Water

Wind

Mammals

Answer Details

Wind is the agent of pollination of grasses. Grasses are flowering plants, and like many other flowering plants, they require pollination in order to reproduce. Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structure (the stamen) to the female reproductive structure (the pistil) of a flower. In the case of grasses, the flowers are typically small and inconspicuous, and they lack the showy petals and bright colors that attract insect or mammal pollinators. Instead, the male flowers produce large quantities of lightweight, dry, and dusty pollen, which is easily carried by the wind to nearby female flowers. This is called wind pollination, and it is a common method of pollination in grasses and other plants that live in open, exposed environments. Therefore, the correct option to the question is "Wind" as it is the main agent of pollination of grasses. While insects, water, and mammals can also be agents of pollination for certain types of plants, they are not typically involved in the pollination of grasses.

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Nutrient Cycling In Nature

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Question 21 Report

Which of the following is not promoted by high wind speed?

Rill erosion

Weathering of parent rock

Breeding of plant

Opening of stomata

Answer Details

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Relevance Of Biology To Agriculture

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Question 22 Report

Micro-organisms which break down dead organisms and absorb their contents are called

decomposers

consumers

parasites

commensals

Answer Details

Micro-organisms that break down dead organisms and absorb their nutrients are called decomposers. They play an important role in the ecosystem by breaking down organic matter and returning nutrients back to the soil. Examples of decomposers include bacteria and fungi, which secrete enzymes to break down the complex organic molecules in dead plants and animals into simpler molecules that can be absorbed by other organisms.

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Read lesson note on Application Of The Principles Of Heredity (WAEC)

Respiration

Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals

Application Of The Principles Of Heredity

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Question 23 Report

Which of the following phenomena affects plants growth in an alkaline soil?

Excessive plasmolysis

Excessive transpiration

Excessive sunlight

Poor drainage

Answer Details

Poor drainage affects plant growth in an alkaline soil. Alkaline soil is characterized by a high pH level, typically above 7.0, which can lead to a variety of problems for plants. One of the major issues is poor nutrient availability, as many essential plant nutrients become less soluble and therefore less available to plants at high pH levels. Poor drainage exacerbates this problem by further reducing the availability of nutrients. When water is unable to drain effectively from the soil, it can become stagnant and oxygen-deprived, leading to anaerobic conditions that are detrimental to plant growth. This can also cause root damage or death, which further limits the plant's ability to take up nutrients and water from the soil. As a result, poor drainage is a major factor that affects plant growth in alkaline soils.

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Soil

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Question 24 Report

I. Complexion II. Height III. Blood Rh factor IV. Colour blindness
Which of the above human characteristics are discontinuous variations?

I and III only

II and III only

II and IV only

III and IV only

Answer Details

The human characteristics that are discontinuous variations are III and IV only, which is option IV. Discontinuous variations are traits that can be classified into distinct categories with no intermediate values. In other words, individuals can be placed into specific groups based on the presence or absence of a particular characteristic. Blood Rh factor is a discontinuous variation because individuals can be classified as either Rh-positive or Rh-negative, with no intermediate values. Similarly, color blindness is also a discontinuous variation because individuals can be classified as either color-blind or not color-blind. Complexion and height, on the other hand, are continuous variations because they show a range of intermediate values between two extremes. For example, complexion can range from very light to very dark, with many intermediate shades in between. Height can also vary along a continuum, with individuals ranging from very short to very tall. Therefore, the human characteristics that are discontinuous variations are III and IV only, which is option IV.

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Physiological Variations

Heredity

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Question 25 Report

Which of the following indicates that Euglena is plant?

Conspicuous 'eye' spot

Presence of gullet

Limited movement

Presence of starch grain

Answer Details

The option that indicates that Euglena is a plant is "Presence of starch grain". Euglena is a unicellular organism that possesses both plant-like and animal-like characteristics. It contains chloroplasts, which are responsible for photosynthesis, and stores food in the form of paramylon, a type of starch grain. The conspicuous "eye" spot is actually a light-sensitive organelle that helps Euglena detect light for photosynthesis. The presence of a gullet in Euglena allows it to feed like an animal by ingesting food particles, and the flagellum enables it to move in a manner similar to that of animals.

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Question 26 Report

The pallisade cells are the structures labelled

III

VIII

Answer Details

The palisade cells are the structures labelled as number III. The palisade cells are a type of leaf cells found in the mesophyll layer of a leaf. They are located just below the upper epidermis and are arranged vertically, standing upright like a palisade fence. The palisade cells are responsible for carrying out most of the photosynthesis in the leaf. They contain a large number of chloroplasts, which are the organelles responsible for capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. The palisade cells are specifically adapted to capture sunlight efficiently, as they are located close to the top of the leaf where they can receive the most light. Therefore, the correct option to the question is "III" as the palisade cells are located in the structure labelled as number III.

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Question 27 Report

Which bf the following structures are visible in the cell of a plant during mitosis?

Centrioles, chromatids and nucleolus

Homologous chromosomes, nuclear membrane and spindle fibres

cell wall, centrioles and chromatids

Chromosomes, nuclear membrane and centromere

Answer Details

The correct answer is: - Homologous chromosomes, nuclear membrane and spindle fibers. During mitosis in a plant cell, the homologous chromosomes condense and become visible. The nuclear membrane breaks down, and spindle fibers, which are made up of microtubules, attach to the chromosomes and pull them apart into two new nuclei. The cell wall remains intact throughout mitosis, so cell wall and centrioles are not visible during the process. Nucleolus is also not visible as it disappears during the process of mitosis.

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Cell Cycle

Adaptive Colouration

Cell Structure

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Question 28 Report

The structure labelled V is the

cell wall

nucleus

endoplasmic reticullum

mitochondrion

Answer Details

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Question 29 Report

Manufactured food is transported from the leaves through the structure labelled

VII

Answer Details

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Question 30 Report

Turgidity in the cell of plant does not easily lead to bursting of the cell because the

cell membrane can resist the turgidity

large vacuole contained in the cell, can continuously take in water

cellulose cell wall can resist the turgidity

cytoplasm is jelly-like

Answer Details

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Living Organisms

Nucleic Acids

Cell Structure

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Question 31 Report

Which of the following organisms is a chemo-autotroph?

Virus

Bacteria

Paramecium

Euglena

Answer Details

Bacteria is a chemo-autotroph. Chemo-autotrophs are organisms that obtain energy from chemical reactions and use this energy to synthesize organic compounds from inorganic substances, such as carbon dioxide. They do not require sunlight or organic nutrients to survive. Bacteria are a diverse group of microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and the human body. Some bacteria are chemo-autotrophs, which means they obtain energy by breaking down inorganic compounds such as ammonia, sulfur, and iron. They use this energy to synthesize their own organic compounds, including amino acids, nucleotides, and carbohydrates. Chemo-autotrophic bacteria play important roles in the ecosystem by serving as primary producers and recycling nutrients. Some chemo-autotrophic bacteria are also involved in processes such as bioremediation, which is the use of microorganisms to clean up environmental pollutants. In contrast, viruses are not considered living organisms because they cannot carry out metabolic processes on their own and require a host cell to reproduce. Paramecium and Euglena are eukaryotic organisms that are capable of carrying out photosynthesis and are therefore considered photoautotrophs.

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Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals

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Question 32 Report

A major reason why the red blood cells can survive in the blood is that the

blood plasma and the red blood cells are isotonic

red blood cells are hypotonic to the plasma

the red blood cells are hypertonic to the blood plasma

the red blood cells receive digested nutrients

Answer Details

The major reason why the red blood cells can survive in the blood is that the blood plasma and the red blood cells are isotonic. This means that the concentration of solutes, such as salts and proteins, is the same in both the blood plasma and the red blood cells. As a result, there is no net movement of water across the cell membrane of the red blood cells, and they do not shrink or swell. This isotonicity helps to maintain the shape and integrity of the red blood cells, allowing them to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body.

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Animal Nutrition

The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes

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Question 33 Report

Which of the following is not a product of fermentation of glucose?

Energy

Alcohol

Lactic acid

Carbon dioxide

Answer Details

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Humans And Environment

Population Studies By Sampling

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Question 34 Report

Magnesium is needed by plants for

protein synthesis

formation of cell membrane

activation of enzymes

formation of chlorophyll

Answer Details

Magnesium is needed by plants for the formation of chlorophyll, which is the pigment responsible for the green color in leaves and is essential for photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants produce their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. Chlorophyll is a critical component of this process as it captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy that the plant can use to fuel its growth and metabolism. Magnesium is a key component of the chlorophyll molecule, and without it, plants are unable to produce chlorophyll. This can lead to a condition called chlorosis, where the leaves of the plant turn yellow or white due to a lack of chlorophyll. Therefore, the correct option to the question is "formation of chlorophyll" as magnesium is required for the synthesis of this essential pigment. The other options listed (protein synthesis, formation of cell membrane, and activation of enzymes) are also important functions of magnesium in plants, but they are not directly related to the formation of chlorophyll.

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Biotechnology

Cell Structure

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Question 35 Report

Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through the structure labelled

Answer Details

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Cell Structure

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Question 36 Report

A piece of yam weighing 1.0 gm was put into some salt solution. After 3 hours, it was removed and weighed.
The recorded weight was 1.2gms. This simple experiment demonstrates that the

salt solution is more concentrated than the cell sap of the yam.

cell sap of the yam is more concentrated than the salt - solution

salt solution has the same concentration as the cell sap of the yam.

the yam lost some water molecules to the salt solution.

Answer Details

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Properties And Functions Of The Living Cell

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Question 37 Report

Which of the following groups of factors do the Agama lizards compete for? I. Space II. Food III. Mates

Space and food only

Space and mates only

Food and mates only

Space, food and mates

Answer Details

Agama lizards compete for space, food, and mates. Competition is a natural phenomenon that occurs when resources are limited and must be shared between individuals of the same or different species. In the case of Agama lizards, they compete for resources such as food, which is necessary for their survival, and space, which provides them with shelter, basking sites, and escape routes. Additionally, Agama lizards also compete for mates, particularly during the breeding season when males fight for the opportunity to mate with females. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is "Space, food, and mates" as Agama lizards compete for all three factors listed in the options.

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Support And Movement

Co-ordination And Control

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Question 38 Report

Which of these is a vector of malaria fever?

Female anopheles mosquito

Male anopheles mosquito

Female culex mosquito

Male culex mosquito

Answer Details

The vector of malaria fever is the female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite that is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. When a mosquito feeds on the blood of an infected person, it ingests the malaria parasite which then reproduces within the mosquito. Later, when the same mosquito bites another person, it transmits the parasite to the new person through its saliva. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is "Female Anopheles mosquito" as it is the only mosquito species listed that is known to transmit malaria to humans. Male mosquitoes, on the other hand, feed on plant nectar and do not transmit the disease. The Culex mosquito is known to transmit other diseases such as West Nile virus, but not malaria.

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Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals

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Question 39 Report

Which of the following statements is true about blood groupings?

Group AB can donate blood to all other groups

Group 0 are universal recipients.

Group A has A antigen in its plasma

Group O has no antigen.

Answer Details

The statement that is true about blood groupings is that Group O has no antigen. Antigens are proteins that are found on the surface of red blood cells, and they are what determine a person's blood type. Blood types are classified into different groups, including A, B, AB, and O, based on the presence or absence of certain antigens. In Group A, the A antigen is present on the surface of red blood cells, and in Group B, the B antigen is present. In Group AB, both A and B antigens are present, while in Group O, neither A nor B antigens are present. Because Group O does not have any antigens on the surface of its red blood cells, it is considered a universal donor, not a universal recipient as stated in one of the options. Group AB, on the other hand, can receive blood from any group because it has both A and B antigens on its red blood cells. Therefore, the correct statement is that Group O has no antigen.

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Population Studies By Sampling

Support And Movement

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Question 40 Report

Which part of the gill of fish is involved in gaseous exchange?

Gill slits

Gill bars

Gill covers

Gill filaments

Answer Details

The part of the gill of a fish that is involved in gaseous exchange is the gill filament. Gill filaments are thin and thread-like structures that project from the gill arches. They are covered with tiny finger-like projections called lamellae, which are rich in blood vessels. As water flows over the lamellae, oxygen diffuses from the water into the blood vessels, and carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood vessels into the water. This exchange of gases is facilitated by the thin walls of the gill filaments, which provide a large surface area for gas exchange to occur.

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Cell Structure

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Question 41 Report

Which of the following associations can upset the balance of nature?

Epiphitism

Parasitism

Symbiosis

Saprophytism

Answer Details

The association that can upset the balance of nature is parasitism. Parasitism is a relationship between two organisms, where one benefits (the parasite) and the other is harmed (the host). The parasite obtains its food and shelter at the expense of the host, often causing damage or even death. This relationship can upset the balance of nature by reducing the population of the host species, disrupting food chains and ecosystems, and even leading to the extinction of certain species. Epiphytism, symbiosis, and saprophytism are all natural associations between different organisms that play important roles in the ecosystem, but do not necessarily upset the balance of nature. Epiphytism is a type of commensalism where one plant grows on the surface of another plant for support, without harming it. Symbiosis is a relationship where two different species live together in a mutually beneficial relationship, such as the partnership between pollinators and plants. Saprophytism is a type of heterotrophic nutrition in which an organism obtains its food by decomposing dead organic matter. Therefore, the association that can upset the balance of nature is parasitism.

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Question 42 Report

The mineral needed for the formation of haemoglobin is

magnesium

iron

phosphorus

calcium

Answer Details

Iron is the mineral needed for the formation of haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is the protein molecule in red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues. Iron is a crucial component of haemoglobin, as it binds to oxygen and helps to transport it throughout the body. Without enough iron, the body cannot produce enough haemoglobin, leading to a condition called iron deficiency anaemia. Therefore, consuming iron-rich foods or supplements is essential for the formation of haemoglobin and the overall health of the body.

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Classification

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Question 43 Report

Which of the following solutions is suitable for removing chlorophyll in a green leaf?

Million’s reagent

Methylated spirit

Benedict solution

Fehling’s solution

Answer Details

Methylated spirit is suitable for removing chlorophyll in a green leaf. This is because methylated spirit contains ethanol, which is a good solvent for chlorophyll. When the green leaf is dipped into the methylated spirit, the chlorophyll will dissolve in the alcohol, making the leaf lose its green color.

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Question 44 Report

Which of the following is an excretory product of Amoeba?

Urea

Ammonia

Uric acid

Amino acid

Answer Details

The excretory product of Amoeba is ammonia. Amoeba is a unicellular organism that belongs to the kingdom Protista. As an organism, it carries out metabolic processes like all living organisms do, and waste products are produced as a result. Ammonia is one of the waste products produced during the metabolism of Amoeba. Ammonia is a highly toxic substance that needs to be eliminated from the body of the Amoeba. Amoeba does not have specialized excretory organs like animals do, but it has a cell membrane that helps it to excrete waste products, including ammonia, through a process known as diffusion. Therefore, the correct option to the question is "Ammonia" as it is the excretory product of Amoeba.

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Variety Of Organisms

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Question 45 Report

The major function of the cell membrane is that it

delimits the cytoplasm

synthesizes protein

breaks down worn-out organelles

is the site for photosynthesis

Answer Details

The major function of the cell membrane is to delimit the cytoplasm, which is the fluid-filled interior of the cell, and to act as a selective barrier that controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell. The cell membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer, which consists of two layers of lipid molecules. This lipid bilayer forms a barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the outside environment. The phospholipid bilayer is also studded with various proteins, which are involved in a variety of functions such as transport, cell signaling, and cell adhesion. The cell membrane is selectively permeable, which means that it allows some substances to pass through while preventing others from crossing. This selective permeability is important for maintaining the internal environment of the cell and for regulating various cellular processes. Therefore, the correct option to the question is "delimits the cytoplasm" as it describes the primary function of the cell membrane. The other options listed (synthesizes protein, breaks down worn-out organelles, and is the site for photosynthesis) are functions of other organelles within the cell, such as ribosomes, lysosomes, and chloroplasts, respectively.

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Cell Structure

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Question 46 Report

The character that expresses itself in the presence of the contrasting characters

hybrid

allele

recessive

dominant

Answer Details

The character that expresses itself in the presence of the contrasting characters is called the dominant trait. This means that if an organism inherits one copy of the dominant allele, it will show that trait, even if it also inherits a different, contrasting allele from the other parent. The recessive trait, on the other hand, only expresses itself when an organism inherits two copies of the recessive allele. The term "hybrid" refers to an organism that has two different alleles for a particular trait. So, in summary, the dominant trait is the one that dominates over the recessive trait in terms of expression, and a hybrid organism has two different alleles for the same trait.

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Probability In Genetics (Hybrid Formation)

Genetic Terminologies

Chromosomes: The Basis Of Heredity

Linkage, Sex Determination And Sex Linked Characters

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Question 47 Report

Which of the groups of structures listed below contains chloroplast?

I, II and III

II, III and VII

III, VIII and IX

III, VIII and Xl

Answer Details

The chloroplast is the organelle in plant cells that is responsible for photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants make food. To identify which group of structures contains chloroplasts, we need to look for structures involved in photosynthesis. Structures I and II are not involved in photosynthesis. Structure VII is the mitochondria which are responsible for cellular respiration, which is the process by which cells convert nutrients into energy. Therefore, option B is also incorrect. Structures III, VIII, and IX are involved in photosynthesis and structure XI is the vacuole which is responsible for storing water and other substances. Therefore, the correct answer is option C: III, VIII, and IX.

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Organization Of Life

Cell Structure

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Question 48 Report

Which of the following is not a constituent of blood plasma?

Proteins

Mineral salts

Water

Platelets

Answer Details

Platelets are not a constituent of blood plasma. Blood plasma is the yellowish liquid component of blood in which blood cells are suspended. It is composed of water, proteins, mineral salts, hormones, and other components. Platelets, on the other hand, are a type of blood cell that is responsible for blood clotting. They are formed in the bone marrow and are not found in blood plasma.

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Blood Transfusion

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Question 49 Report

Which of the following structures in a housefly aids in the transmission of diseases in man?

Hairs

Spiracles

Antennae

Wings

Answer Details

The structure in a housefly that aids in the transmission of diseases to humans is its hairs. Houseflies are known to carry various disease-causing microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites on their body parts, including their hairs. These microorganisms can be picked up by the housefly when it feeds on contaminated materials such as feces, garbage, or decaying matter, and can then be transferred to humans when the housefly lands on food or surfaces that humans come into contact with. Housefly hairs are particularly effective in transmitting diseases because they can trap and hold onto small particles, including microorganisms. The hairs on their legs and body can easily pick up and transfer these microorganisms to new surfaces or onto human skin when they land on them. Therefore, it is important to keep houseflies away from food and living areas to reduce the risk of disease transmission. This can be done by practicing good sanitation, keeping food covered, and using fly traps or insecticides.

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Question 50 Report

The process by which plants convey food material to different parts of the body is called

nutrition

absorption

circulation

translocation

Answer Details

The correct answer is translocation. Translocation is the process by which plants transport food materials such as sucrose and amino acids from the leaves (where they are produced during photosynthesis) to the other parts of the plant such as stems, roots and fruits where they are utilized for growth and other metabolic processes. This transportation occurs through specialized tissues called phloem, which are made up of sieve tubes and companion cells. The movement of food in the phloem is usually from a source to a sink, and this process is facilitated by pressure gradient, which can be created by the active transport of sugars from source cells into the phloem.

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Nutrition

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Question 51 Report

The following functions are associated with the liver except

regulation of blood sugar

production of heat

production of fibrinogen

production of vitamin

Answer Details

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Heredity

The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes

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Question 52 Report

A red blood cell haemolyses when placed in a hypotonic solution because

it contains haemoglobin

the cytoplasm is less dense

the cell lacks a wall

its pigment has a high affinity for water

Answer Details

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Cell Structure

The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes

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Question 53 Report

The effect of the contraction of the muscles of the diaphram is that

he volume of the thoracic cavity increases.

more carbon dioxide is expelled through the nostrils

the rib cage is drawn inwards

the intercostal muscle becomes relaxed

Answer Details

The effect of the contraction of the muscles of the diaphragm is that the volume of the thoracic cavity increases. The diaphragm is a sheet of muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. When the diaphragm contracts, it flattens out and moves downward, which increases the volume of the thoracic cavity. This, in turn, causes a decrease in pressure within the thoracic cavity, allowing air to flow into the lungs. As the volume of the thoracic cavity increases, the lungs are able to expand, drawing air in through the nose and mouth. The increased air intake brings in more oxygen, which is necessary for the body's metabolic processes. Therefore, the effect of the contraction of the muscles of the diaphragm is that the volume of the thoracic cavity increases, allowing air to flow into the lungs and providing the body with the necessary oxygen.

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Animal Nutrition

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Question 54 Report

The structure that produces ATP is labelled

VII

Answer Details

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Cell Structure

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Question 55 Report

In which of the following processes is light energy converted to ATP?

Osmosis

Transpiration

Chemosynthesis

Photosynthesis

Answer Details

The process in which light energy is converted to ATP is photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants use the energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, a type of sugar. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions. In the light-dependent reactions, light energy is absorbed by pigments called chlorophyll and converted into ATP and NADPH. These energy-rich molecules are then used in the light-independent reactions to fuel the production of glucose. So, Photosynthesis is the correct answer.

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Nucleic Acids

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Question 56 Report

Display is a phenomenon which occurs when an animal is

ready for mating

fighting to defend itself

approaching puberty

chasing away an intruder

Answer Details

The phenomenon of display in animals refers to a specific behavior that an animal exhibits to communicate with others of its own species. It is often a visual display, such as a series of postures or movements, that conveys information about the animal's readiness to mate, social status, or intention to defend its territory. Display can also involve vocalizations or the release of pheromones. Therefore, out of the options given, the correct one would be "ready for mating" as display is a behavior that animals engage in to attract potential mates and signal their readiness to mate. This behavior is often seen in birds during their mating season where they perform elaborate displays of feathers and calls to attract a mate.

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Question 57 Report

In mammals, fertilization usually occurs in the

cervix

vagina

uterus

oviduct

Answer Details

In mammals, fertilization usually occurs in the oviduct, also known as the fallopian tube. After the egg is released from the ovary, it travels through the oviduct, which is where it may encounter sperm. If there is a viable sperm present, fertilization can occur within the oviduct. The fertilized egg then travels down the oviduct towards the uterus, where it will implant and develop into a fetus. The cervix is the opening between the uterus and the vagina, and the vagina is the muscular canal that connects the cervix to the external environment. While the sperm may travel through the vagina to reach the oviduct, fertilization itself does not occur in either the vagina or the cervix.

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Cell Structure

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Question 58 Report

Which of the following is a tissue?

Volvox

Chlamydomonas

Epidermis

Paramecium

Answer Details

The tissue is the Epidermis. Epidermis is a tissue, which is a group of cells that work together to perform a specific function. In this case, the epidermis is a tissue that covers the surface of the body and protects it from damage and dehydration. It is found in animals, including humans, and is made up of several layers of cells. The other options, Volvox, Chlamydomonas, and Paramecium, are organisms, but they do not qualify as tissues because they are made up of only one or a few cells that perform all necessary functions.

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Tissues And Supporting Systems:

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Question 59 Report

Carbohydrates are stored in the animal cell in the form of

starch

glycogen

plastid

maltose

Answer Details

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Read lesson note on Cell Structure (WAEC)

Growth

Cell Structure

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