WAEC SSCE - Agricultural Science - 2020
Question 1 Report
Tapeworm, liver fluke and roundworm can be controlled by?
Answer Details
Tapeworms, liver flukes, and roundworms are all types of parasites that can infect both animals and humans. These parasites can cause various health problems and even death in severe cases. Fortunately, there are several methods to control these parasites: 1. Flushing: Flushing involves cleaning out the digestive system of an animal to remove any parasites. This can be done by giving the animal a special diet or medication that will cause them to excrete the parasites from their system. 2. Drenching: Drenching involves giving an animal medication orally to kill any parasites in their system. This medication can come in the form of a pill or liquid. 3. Dipping: Dipping involves immersing an animal in a solution that kills any parasites on their skin. This method is typically used for external parasites, such as ticks or lice. 4. Fumigation: Fumigation involves using chemicals to kill parasites in an enclosed environment, such as a barn or stable. This method is not typically used for controlling parasites in animals. In summary, the most effective methods to control tapeworms, liver flukes, and roundworms in animals are flushing and drenching. Dipping is useful for external parasites, while fumigation is not typically used for controlling parasites in animals. It's important to consult a veterinarian to determine the best method for controlling parasites in your animals.
Question 3 Report
Igneous rocks can easily be identified through their?
Answer Details
Igneous rocks can be identified by their texture and mineral composition. If the rock has a smooth, glass-like surface, it has a "glassy appearance." If the rock has a rough, uneven surface with large crystals, it has a "coarse texture." If the rock has visible layers, it has a "stratified" appearance. If the rock contains fossils, it is not an igneous rock, as fossils form in sedimentary rocks, not in rocks formed from molten magma.
Question 4 Report
Determine the ratio of nutrients in NPK 5-10-15.
Answer Details
NPK 5-10-15 is a type of fertilizer that contains three important nutrients for plant growth: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). The three numbers on the label, separated by hyphens, indicate the percentage of each nutrient present in the fertilizer. In this case, NPK 5-10-15 means that the fertilizer contains 5% nitrogen, 10% phosphorus, and 15% potassium. To determine the ratio of these nutrients, we need to divide each percentage by the lowest percentage to get the simplest whole number ratio. In this case, the lowest percentage is 5%, so we divide each percentage by 5%. 5% nitrogen ÷ 5% = 1 10% phosphorus ÷ 5% = 2 15% potassium ÷ 5% = 3 Therefore, the ratio of nutrients in NPK 5-10-15 is 1:2:3, which means that for every 1 part of nitrogen, there are 2 parts of phosphorus and 3 parts of potassium in the fertilizer. This ratio is important because different plants require different amounts of nutrients, and fertilizers with different ratios can be used to target specific nutrient needs.
Question 5 Report
Which of the labelled parts enables the tool to float on water when fish is caught?
Answer Details
Question 6 Report
The part labelled C in the graph is the?
Answer Details
The part labeled "C" in a graph is the "equilibrium point". This is where the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy (i.e. the quantity demanded) is equal to the quantity that producers are willing and able to sell (i.e. the quantity supplied). In other words, it's the point where there is balance between the amount of a product that is being bought and sold, and there is no surplus or shortage.
Question 7 Report
Which factor of production has the following characteristics?
I.Free gift of nature
II.Limited in supply
III.Immobile
Answer Details
The factor of production that has the characteristics of being a free gift of nature, limited in supply, and immobile is land. "Free gift of nature" refers to the fact that land is a natural resource that is not created by humans. It includes all the gifts of nature such as water bodies, forests, mineral deposits, and soil. "Limited in supply" means that there is a finite amount of land available, and it cannot be produced or manufactured by humans. Therefore, the supply of land is fixed. "Immobile" means that land cannot be moved from one place to another. It is fixed in location, and its location is an essential factor in determining its value. Taken together, these characteristics make land a unique factor of production. Unlike other factors of production, such as labor or capital, land is not produced or manufactured by human effort. It is a fixed and finite resource that is essential for many economic activities, including agriculture, mining, and construction. Therefore, land is a critical resource for economic development, and its scarcity and immobility make it a valuable and limited resource. Thus, land is the factor of production that has the given characteristics.
Question 8 Report
If a farmer produces 9 bags of millet at an average cost of D80,000.00 per bag and sells each of the 9 bags at D90,000.00 the profit is?
Answer Details
Question 9 Report
In a brooder house, which of the following factors is monitored with the use of wet and dry hygrometer?
Answer Details
The factor that is monitored with the use of wet and dry hygrometer in a brooder house is relative humidity. Relative humidity refers to the amount of moisture present in the air, expressed as a percentage of the maximum amount of moisture that the air could hold at a given temperature. In a brooder house, maintaining the correct relative humidity is essential for the health and well-being of the young birds being raised. A wet and dry hygrometer is a simple instrument used to measure relative humidity. It consists of two thermometers, one of which has a wet wick wrapped around its bulb. The wet wick is exposed to the air, and as the water evaporates, it cools the thermometer, causing the temperature to drop. The difference in temperature between the wet and dry thermometers is used to calculate the relative humidity. In a brooder house, the wet and dry hygrometer is used to ensure that the relative humidity is within the appropriate range for the age and type of birds being raised. Too high a humidity can lead to respiratory problems and the growth of harmful bacteria and fungi, while too low a humidity can cause dehydration and other health issues. By monitoring relative humidity with the wet and dry hygrometer, the caretakers of the brooder house can make adjustments to ventilation, heating, and other environmental factors as needed to maintain the optimal conditions for the birds' health and growth.
Question 15 Report
Digestion in ruminants is mainly?
Answer Details
Digestion in ruminants, such as cows and sheep, is mainly microbial and enzymatic. Ruminants have a four-chambered stomach that allows them to digest tough plant materials like cellulose. The first chamber, the rumen, is where microbial fermentation occurs. Bacteria, protozoa, and fungi in the rumen break down the cellulose and other complex carbohydrates in the food into simpler compounds that can be absorbed by the animal. Enzymes produced by the animal and microbes in the rumen also break down proteins and fats into simpler compounds that can be absorbed. The rumen also acts as a storage chamber, allowing the animal to regurgitate and re-chew their food (mastication) before swallowing it again for further digestion. The other three chambers of the ruminant stomach (reticulum, omasum, and abomasum) continue the enzymatic and microbial breakdown of the food before it moves into the small intestine for absorption of nutrients. In summary, digestion in ruminants is mainly microbial and enzymatic. The rumen, with its complex microbial community, plays a crucial role in breaking down complex carbohydrates in the diet, while enzymatic digestion of proteins and fats occurs throughout the digestive tract.
Question 16 Report
When a gene is expressed in the phenotype in a homoxygous or heterogous form, that gene is said to be?
Answer Details
Question 17 Report
The illustrated equipment is called?
Answer Details
The illustrated equipment is called a ranging pole. A ranging pole is a long, straight stick or rod used to measure distances or to determine the position of something. It can be used in surveying, construction, or any other field where precise measurements are needed. The pole is held vertically and its shadow is used to determine the angle of the sun or other reference points, allowing the user to make accurate measurements. The ranging pole is a simple and effective tool that has been used for centuries to help people measure and map the world around them.
Question 18 Report
If 30 eggs make up a crate of eggs, how many eggs are in 2 packs assuming a pack contains 10 crates of eggs?
Answer Details
A pack contains 10 crates of eggs, and each crate contains 30 eggs. To find the total number of eggs in 2 packs, we need to multiply the number of crates in 2 packs by the number of eggs in each crate. So, 2 packs contain 2 x 10 = 20 crates of eggs. Multiplying the number of crates (20) by the number of eggs per crate (30), we get: 20 x 30 = 600 Therefore, there are 600 eggs in 2 packs assuming a pack contains 10 crates of eggs.
Question 19 Report
A pest that attacks stored maize grain is?
Answer Details
A pest that attacks stored maize grain is a rodent. Rodents such as mice and rats are attracted to stored grains like maize because they provide a source of food and shelter. These pests can cause significant damage to stored maize grain by feeding on the kernels and contaminating the grain with their feces and urine, which can lead to mold growth and spoilage. Infestations can also result in significant economic losses for farmers and food storage facilities. Therefore, it is important to implement effective pest control measures to prevent and manage rodent infestations in stored maize grain.
Question 21 Report
The cropping system illustrated in the table is?
Question 22 Report
Which of the following statement is not true about farming in West Africa?
Answer Details
The statement that is not true about farming in West Africa is "mechanisation is fully adopted." Farming in West Africa is predominantly manual, and farm labour is highly inefficient. This is because most farmers in the region lack access to modern farming technologies, such as tractors, harvesters, and irrigation systems. As a result, they rely on traditional farming methods, which are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Farm workers in West Africa are often poorly paid, and getting reliable labour is difficult. Many farmers in the region cannot afford to pay their workers a decent wage, and this, coupled with the lack of access to social protection programs, makes it difficult for farm workers to make ends meet. However, contrary to the options given, mechanisation is not fully adopted in West Africa. The high cost of modern farming equipment and limited access to credit facilities means that many farmers cannot afford to purchase modern farm equipment. This is compounded by the fact that the terrain in many parts of West Africa is not suitable for mechanised farming. In summary, while farm labour is highly inefficient, farm workers are poorly paid, and getting reliable labour is difficult, mechanisation is not fully adopted in West Africa.
Question 23 Report
Crops which grow and mature within few weeks of their cultivation are called?
Answer Details
The crops which grow and mature within a few weeks of their cultivation are called ephemeral crops. These crops have a very short life cycle and complete their growth and development quickly. They typically require less time and effort to cultivate and can provide a quick harvest. Examples of ephemeral crops include lettuce, radishes, and spinach, which can be harvested in as little as 4-6 weeks after planting. Ephemeral crops are typically grown in cooler months or in regions with mild climates, as they can be sensitive to extreme heat and moisture. In contrast, annual crops complete their life cycle within a year, biennial crops take two years to mature, and perennial crops can continue to grow and produce for several years.
Question 24 Report
Which of the following statements about threshing of rice are true?
I.Rice grains are separated from the panicle
II.Breakage of some grains could occur
III.The grains are polished
Answer Details
Threshing is the process of separating rice grains from the panicle. This is usually done by beating the panicles to loosen the grains. So, the statement "Rice grains are separated from the panicle" is true and corresponds to option (A) and (D). During the threshing process, there is a possibility of breakage of some grains. This is because the grains are subjected to a lot of force, and some of them may be damaged. Therefore, the statement "Breakage of some grains could occur" is also true and corresponds to option (A) and (D). However, the statement "The grains are polished" is not true. Polishing is a separate process that is done after threshing to remove the outer layer of the grain. This is done to give the rice a shiny appearance and improve its texture. Therefore, option (B) and (C) are not correct. In conclusion, the correct options are either (A) or (D), which are I and II Only, or I, II and III.
Question 25 Report
Which of the following statements is not a reason for feeding farm animals?
Answer Details
The statement that is not a reason for feeding farm animals is "production of inorganic manure." Feeding farm animals is necessary to provide them with the nutrients they need for energy, growth, and maintenance of body tissues. It is also important to protect them from diseases. However, the production of inorganic manure is a byproduct of the digestion process in animals, and it is not the primary reason for feeding them. Feeding farm animals has various benefits, including increasing their productivity, improving their health, and ensuring the quality of the products they produce, such as meat, milk, and eggs. Inorganic manure, on the other hand, is a secondary benefit that farmers can obtain from their animals, which can be used as fertilizer for crops. Therefore, while the production of inorganic manure is a positive outcome of feeding farm animals, it is not the main reason for doing so.
Question 26 Report
The following bacteria are important in the nitrogen cycle except?
Answer Details
Rhizobium is not directly involved in the nitrogen cycle. The nitrogen cycle is the process by which nitrogen is converted between different forms in the environment, such as from atmospheric nitrogen gas (N2) to ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) ions that plants can use for growth. This cycle involves a variety of microorganisms that play different roles in the process. Bacillus, Nitrobacter, and Nitrosomonas are all involved in the nitrogen cycle. Nitrosomonas converts ammonium to nitrite, and Nitrobacter converts nitrite to nitrate. Bacillus, on the other hand, plays a role in the decomposition of organic matter and the release of ammonium into the soil. Rhizobium is a soil bacteria that forms a symbiotic relationship with legume plants, helping them to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that the plant can use. While this process indirectly contributes to the nitrogen cycle, it is not directly involved in the conversion of nitrogen between different forms in the environment.
Question 27 Report
The major objective of farm planning is to?
Question 29 Report
Calculate the area of the farmland.
Answer Details
To calculate the area of the farmland, we need to know the dimensions of the land. However, as we are only given the area of the land in hectares, we cannot determine the length and width of the land directly. Hectares are a unit of area commonly used to measure land. One hectare is equal to 10,000 square meters or approximately 2.47 acres. Therefore, to calculate the area of the farmland in square meters, we can multiply the given area in hectares by 10,000. For example, if the given area is 0.32 hectares, we can calculate the area in square meters as follows: Area in square meters = 0.32 hectares x 10,000 square meters/hectare Area in square meters = 3,200 square meters Similarly, we can calculate the area in square meters for each given option and compare them to determine which one is the largest. The largest area in square meters corresponds to the largest option in hectares.
Question 30 Report
An agricultural system which combines crop production with forest establishment is known as?
Answer Details
The agricultural system that combines crop production with forest establishment is called "taungya farming." In taungya farming, farmers grow crops like maize, beans, or vegetables alongside the establishment of a forest. The forest is established by planting trees in between the crops, which helps to improve soil quality, reduce erosion, and provide shade for the crops. Once the crops have been harvested, the trees continue to grow, providing timber and other forest products. This system is commonly used in tropical regions where there is a high demand for food and timber but limited land available for cultivation.
Question 31 Report