JAMB UTME - Geography - 2018
Question 1 Report
The ocean that connects Europe and America is the__________
Answer Details
The ocean that connects Europe and America is the Atlantic Ocean. The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest ocean in the world, after the Pacific Ocean. It covers an area of about 106 million square kilometers and is bordered by Europe and Africa to the east, and by North and South America to the west. The Atlantic Ocean is important for global trade, as it provides a shipping route between Europe and America, and also plays a major role in the Earth's climate system.
Question 2 Report
An instrument used for setting out right angle in surveying a parcel of land is
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Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, and science of determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them
Question 3 Report
Along which latitude will be the day time be longest on Christmas day?
Answer Details
Question 4 Report
Use the information given in the chart and answer the question. An alternative graphic method that can be used to depict the same information is the
Question 5 Report
Use the information given in the chart and answer the question. If the total population of the city is 500,000 what is the population of ward 4?
Answer Details
Question 6 Report
British foreign investments are concentrated in
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The commonwealth of nations, known as commonwealth is an inter governmental organisation of 53 member States that are mostly former territories of the British empire
Question 7 Report
How long does it take the mercury to make a complete revolution?
Answer Details
The answer is 88 days. Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun, and it orbits around the Sun at a very fast pace. It takes approximately 88 Earth days for Mercury to make one complete orbit around the Sun. This means that Mercury completes about 4 orbits in the time it takes Earth to complete 1 orbit. Because of its fast orbit and close proximity to the Sun, Mercury experiences extreme temperature variations, with temperatures ranging from over 800 degrees Fahrenheit during the day to -290 degrees Fahrenheit at night.
Question 8 Report
'It is universal and can reach almost every where'. Which transport mode is being referred to ?
Answer Details
The transport mode that is being referred to as universal and can reach almost everywhere is the road transport. Road transport refers to the movement of people, goods, or materials on roads using vehicles such as cars, buses, trucks, and motorcycles. The road network is extensive and well-developed in most parts of the world, making it possible for vehicles to reach even the most remote areas. Road transport is flexible and can adapt to different types of cargo, from small packages to large containers. It can also accommodate different types of trips, from short local trips to long-distance journeys. This versatility makes it an important mode of transport for both personal and commercial use. Overall, road transport is a crucial component of modern transportation systems and plays a significant role in the economy and daily life of people around the world.
Question 9 Report
A river transport its load through the following processes except_________
Answer Details
The river transports its load through three main processes: solution, traction, and suspension. Plucking is not a process by which a river transports its load. Solution is the process by which the river dissolves soluble minerals such as calcium and transports them in solution. Traction is the process by which larger and heavier particles such as boulders and pebbles are rolled or dragged along the riverbed. Suspension is the process by which smaller and lighter particles such as silt and clay are carried along in the flowing water. Plucking, on the other hand, is a process by which glaciers transport their load. It occurs when the glacier freezes onto rocks and then plucks them out as the glacier moves. This process is not applicable to rivers as they do not have the capability to freeze onto rocks and pluck them out.
Question 10 Report
If the time at the Greenwich Meridian is 11.00am, what would the local time be at a place 750W?
Answer Details
Time at GMT is 11am, 150 = 1 hour, 750 gives us 5 hours
The West looses, therefore
11am - 5hours = 6:00am.
Option D is the right answer, all other options are wrong
Question 11 Report
The feature is one or the land forms associated with_________
Answer Details
The feature associated with river erosion is valleys. River erosion occurs when a river's fast-moving water cuts into its riverbed and banks, causing the river to widen and deepen over time. This process creates steep-sided valleys that are wider at the bottom than at the top. The riverbed and banks are constantly being reshaped by the erosive forces of the water, which carry away sediment and rocks. Over time, the river's course may change as it continues to erode and deposit material, carving new valleys and leaving behind a signature of its past path in the form of terraces.
Question 12 Report
One of the leading industrial nations of the world ranking second in manufacturing output after the USA is__________
Answer Details
Manufacturing industry in Japan is the most diversified with various advanced industries which are exceedingly successful. Japan's major export industries includes automobiles, consumer electronics, computers, semiconductors, and iron and steel. Additionally, key industries in Japan's economy are mining, nonferrous metals, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, bioindustry, shipbuilding, aerospace, textiles, and processed foods
Question 13 Report
A well will always contain water if its dug_________
Answer Details
The sans bearing water or the acquifier is a body of permeable rock which can contain or transmit water. The body (acquifier) is generally a rock with permeability and porosity. They can hold water and provide sufficient rate. If a well is drilled, one does not always get water unless the acquifier is reached
Question 14 Report
How were the major mountain belts of the world produced?
Answer Details
The major mountain belts of the world were produced by a geological process known as "folding". Over millions of years, immense pressure from tectonic plates caused rocks in the Earth's crust to buckle and fold, resulting in the formation of mountain ranges. This process is often associated with the collision of two tectonic plates, which can create enormous forces that push and compress rocks together, causing them to fold and uplift into mountains. Unlike weathering or wind erosion, which wear down and erode mountains over time, folding is a constructive process that builds mountains up. While rivers and other natural forces can contribute to the formation of mountains, they are generally not the primary cause of major mountain belts. Instead, the formation of mountain ranges is primarily driven by the slow but powerful movements of the Earth's tectonic plates over long periods of time.
Question 15 Report
The peeling off of surface layers of a rounded boulders during mechanical weathering is called________
Answer Details
The peeling off of surface layers of a rounded boulder during mechanical weathering is called exfoliation. Exfoliation is a type of mechanical weathering process that occurs when layers of rock or boulder peel off from the surface due to pressure release. The process usually occurs in rocks that have been exposed to intense heat, pressure, and other environmental factors for a long time. As a result of these factors, the rock expands and contracts repeatedly, causing the surface layers to crack and break apart. Over time, these cracks become wider, and the layers begin to peel off, revealing the smooth and rounded boulder underneath. Exfoliation is often seen in granitic rocks, where the outer layers peel off to form concentric layers resembling an onion. The process can also occur in other rock types such as sandstone and shale. Overall, exfoliation is an important geological process that contributes to the breakdown and erosion of rocks over time, shaping the landscape around us.
Question 16 Report
Study the map and answer the question. The Area covered by the map is approximately
Answer Details
Question 17 Report
Organic components of the soil include all the following except_______
Answer Details
The organic components of the soil include microorganisms, humus, and animal remains. The correct answer, therefore, is "rock pedestal." Rock pedestal, also known as bedrock, is a non-organic component of the soil. It is the solid, underlying layer of rock that makes up the Earth's crust. Bedrock does not contain any organic material, and it does not contribute to the fertility of the soil. On the other hand, the organic components of soil are essential for healthy plant growth. Microorganisms break down organic matter into nutrients that plants can absorb, while humus provides a rich source of nutrients for plant growth. Animal remains, such as dead insects or animal waste, can also provide organic material for the soil. In summary, while microorganisms, humus, and animal remains are all examples of organic components of soil, rock pedestal is a non-organic component and does not contribute to the fertility of the soil.
Question 18 Report
The difference between high tide and low tide is referred to as__________
Answer Details
The difference between high tide and low tide is referred to as "tidal range". Tidal range is the vertical distance between the highest water level of a high tide and the lowest water level of a low tide. In other words, it is the difference in height between the highest and lowest water levels during a tidal cycle. Tidal range can vary depending on the location, the phase of the moon, and other factors such as weather conditions. It is an important measurement for activities such as boating, fishing, and coastal engineering, as well as for understanding and predicting the effects of sea level changes on coastlines.
Question 19 Report
Study the map and answer the question. Given that the area show on the map is in Northern Nigeria, which of the following crop combinations would best be cultivated in the area that is liable to flooding
Answer Details
Question 20 Report
The system of cultivation of tropical commercial crops estates is known as____________
Answer Details
The system of cultivation of tropical commercial crops estates is known as plantation agriculture. Plantation agriculture refers to a large-scale farming system where a single crop is grown on a large piece of land, usually in tropical countries. This type of agriculture is characterized by the use of large amounts of land, labor, and capital to cultivate crops such as rubber, sugar, coffee, cocoa, and tea. These crops are grown for commercial purposes, and the aim is to produce large quantities of a single product for export. The crops are typically grown in monoculture, which means that only one type of crop is grown in a particular area. This type of agriculture is often associated with the exploitation of workers, environmental degradation, and social and economic inequality.
Question 21 Report
A line joining places having an equal degree of cloudiness is an___________
Answer Details
A line joining places having an equal degree of cloudiness is called an "isoneph". An "isoneph" is a line on a weather map that connects points of equal cloud cover. It helps meteorologists to understand the distribution of clouds in a particular area and to forecast weather patterns. By analyzing the movement of isonephes, they can predict changes in cloud cover and the potential for precipitation.
Question 22 Report
The lack of access to food in some parts of the world emanates from
Question 23 Report
A broad-based population pyramid is composed mainly
Answer Details
A broad-based population pyramid is composed mainly of young dependants and active inhabitants. This means that there are more people in the younger age brackets (typically 0-14 years old) and a significant proportion of the population is in the working age bracket (typically 15-64 years old). The number of elderly people (typically 65 years and above) in this type of pyramid is relatively small. Broad-based population pyramids are typically associated with countries that have high birth rates and lower life expectancies. In these countries, the younger population tends to be larger and the older population tends to be smaller due to factors such as high infant mortality rates and shorter life spans. The larger working-age population in these countries can be a potential source of economic growth if they are able to find employment and contribute to the country's development.
Question 24 Report
The innermost section of the Earth is the__________
Answer Details
The innermost section of the Earth is the core. The Earth's core is the central part of our planet, located beneath the mantle. It is composed primarily of iron and nickel, and is divided into two distinct layers: the outer core and the inner core. The outer core is a liquid layer that surrounds the solid inner core. The inner core is a solid, dense ball of metal that is about the size of the Moon. The core plays a crucial role in the Earth's magnetic field, which helps protect our planet from harmful solar radiation. The core also generates the heat that drives the movement of the Earth's tectonic plates, which causes earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Understanding the properties and behavior of the Earth's core is an important area of research in the field of geophysics.
Question 25 Report
All the following are environmental hazards except___________
Answer Details
The environmental hazard among the given options that is not included is afforestation. Afforestation refers to the process of planting trees in an area where there was no forest, or the forest has been destroyed, and it is typically seen as a positive action for the environment. On the other hand, the other three options are environmental hazards that can have negative impacts on people and the environment. Flooding, for example, can lead to property damage, displacement of people, and loss of life. Vulcanicity, which refers to the movement of magma and volcanic activity, can result in the release of toxic gases, destruction of property, and loss of life. Deforestation, which is the clearing of forests for various human activities, can cause soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and contribute to climate change.
Question 26 Report
Use the information given in the chart and answer the question. If the total population of the city is 500,000 what is the population of ward 4?
Answer Details
Question 27 Report
Study the map and answer the question. Intervisibility is possible between the points marked X and Y because the intervening slope is
Answer Details
Question 28 Report
If the time in New York (75°W) is 5.00pm, The time in Nigeria(15°E) will be
Answer Details
New York (75°W) is 5 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time (UTC-5) and Nigeria (15°E) is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC+1). Therefore, there is a time difference of 6 hours between New York and Nigeria. When it is 5.00pm in New York, we can add 6 hours to find the time in Nigeria: 5.00pm in New York + 6 hours = 11.00pm in Nigeria So the correct answer is 11.00pm.
Question 29 Report
In which of the following rock types is petroleum mainly found?
Answer Details
Petroleum is mainly found in sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and cementation of sediments, which can include organic matter such as dead plants and animals. Over time, this organic matter can become buried and subjected to heat and pressure, which can transform it into petroleum through a process called diagenesis. Petroleum is a fossil fuel that is composed of hydrocarbons, which are molecules made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. The organic matter in sedimentary rocks that forms petroleum is usually derived from marine plants and animals that died and sank to the bottom of the ocean. Over time, these organic remains can be buried by layers of sediment, and the heat and pressure from the overlying rocks can cause them to be transformed into petroleum. While it is possible for petroleum to be found in other types of rocks, such as metamorphic rocks that have undergone extreme heat and pressure, sedimentary rocks are by far the most common type of rock that contains petroleum. This is because the process of petroleum formation requires the accumulation and burial of organic matter, which is most likely to occur in sedimentary environments such as oceans, lakes, and swamps.
Question 30 Report
Use the diagram below to answer the question. The feature is one of the landforms associated with
Answer Details
The feature in the diagram is a sand dune, which is a landform associated with wind deposition. Sand dunes are formed when wind carries sand particles and deposits them in a particular location, creating a mound of sand. Over time, as the wind continues to blow, the sand dune may shift or change in shape. Sand dunes can be found in deserts, on beaches, and in other areas with high wind activity.
Question 31 Report
Which of the following winds affects the West Indian Islands of the Caribbean?
Answer Details
Wind is the perceptible natural movement of the air, especially in the form of a current of air blowing from a particular direction
Question 32 Report
Study the map and answer the question. The land-form feature at the centre of the map can best be described as
Answer Details
Question 33 Report
Dodoma is to Tanzania as ______ to Nigeria
Answer Details
The answer is Abuja. Dodoma is the capital city of Tanzania, and similarly, Abuja is the capital city of Nigeria. Prior to Abuja, Lagos was the capital city of Nigeria. However, due to its rapidly growing population and other challenges, the government decided to move the capital to a more central location in the country, which is Abuja. Therefore, just as Dodoma serves as the political hub of Tanzania, Abuja serves as the political center of Nigeria.
Question 34 Report
Which of the following is not a proof to show that the earth is spherical in shape?
Answer Details
The option that is not a proof to show that the Earth is spherical in shape is "twilight and dawn." While sunrise, sunset, ships visibility, and lunar eclipse are all evidence that supports the idea that the Earth is a sphere, twilight and dawn are not necessarily proof of this shape. Twilight and dawn occur when the Sun is just below the horizon and its light is scattered by the Earth's atmosphere, creating a soft, diffuse light. While this phenomenon is consistent with the idea that the Earth is a sphere, it is not unique to this shape and could also occur on other types of celestial bodies. In contrast, sunrise and sunset occur because the Earth's spherical shape causes the Sun's light to be blocked from certain parts of the planet as it rotates on its axis. Ships visibility and lunar eclipses are also consistent with the idea that the Earth is a sphere because they demonstrate the way that a sphere can obstruct light and shadow.
Question 35 Report
Use the map below to answer the question. The major environmental problems associated with the area marked Y is
Answer Details
Question 36 Report
If the distance between two places on a map is 2cm, while the distance on land is 4km, the scale of the map is
Answer Details
The scale of a map is the ratio of the distance on the map to the actual distance on land. It is usually written as a fraction, like 1:100,000, where the first number represents the distance on the map and the second number represents the corresponding distance on land. To find the scale of the map in question, we need to divide the actual distance on land (4km) by the distance on the map (2cm). First, we need to convert 4 km to cm: 4 km = 4 x 10^3 m = 4 x 10^3 x 100 cm = 4 x 10^5 cm Now, we divide the actual distance on land (4 x 10^5 cm) by the distance on the map (2 cm): (4 x 10^5 cm) / (2 cm) = 2 x 10^5 So the scale of the map is 1 : 2 x 10^5, which is equivalent to 1:200,000.
Question 37 Report
Which of these hazard would most like result directly from deforestation?
Answer Details
Deforestation is the clearing of trees and other vegetation in a forested area. One of the most likely hazards that can result directly from deforestation is soil erosion. When trees are cut down, the roots that held the soil in place are also removed, leaving the soil exposed and vulnerable to erosion by wind and rain. With no tree cover to protect the soil, rainwater can wash away the topsoil, leading to soil erosion. This process can cause the soil to become less fertile, which can make it difficult for plants to grow and can ultimately lead to desertification. Additionally, deforestation can also lead to changes in the water cycle, which can result in decreased water availability, increased flooding, and other forms of water pollution. However, these hazards are less directly linked to deforestation than soil erosion.
Question 38 Report
Which of the following is not a form of mass movement?
Answer Details
The answer is "earthquake" as it is not a form of mass movement. Mass movement refers to the process by which large amounts of soil, rock, and other debris move down a slope under the influence of gravity. Landslides, rockslides, and talus creep are all examples of mass movement. An earthquake, on the other hand, is a sudden shaking of the earth's surface caused by the movement of tectonic plates. While earthquakes can cause landslides and other types of mass movement, the earthquake itself is not a form of mass movement. Instead, it is a geological event that can trigger mass movement in the surrounding area.
Question 39 Report
A desert country which has a high population density supported by irrigation is___________
Answer Details
Egypt is a desert country which has a high population density supported by irrigation. Irrigation is the process of supplying water to crops and lands to help them grow. In Egypt, the Nile River provides water for irrigation, allowing agriculture to flourish and supporting the country's large population. This is why Egypt is considered a good example of a desert country with a high population density that is supported by irrigation.
Question 40 Report
Lines joining places with same mean annual rainfall are called___________
Answer Details
Lines joining places with the same mean annual rainfall are called isohyets. Isohyets are lines drawn on a map connecting points that receive the same amount of rainfall in a year. The word "isohyet" comes from the Greek words "iso" meaning "equal" and "hyetos" meaning "rain". These lines help us understand the patterns and distribution of rainfall over a certain area, and can be useful for various purposes such as agriculture, water management, and meteorology.
