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Question 1 Report
A major symptom of onion/twister is
Answer Details
A major symptom of onion/twister is the appearance of dark brown spots on leaves. Onion/twister is a disease that affects onion plants, causing the leaves to twist and curl
Question 2 Report
Which of the following livestock endoparasite is a hermaphmdite?
Answer Details
To determine which of the mentioned livestock endoparasites is a hermaphrodite, it's important to understand what a hermaphrodite is. A hermaphrodite organism has both male and female reproductive organs, allowing it to reproduce without needing a mate of the opposite sex.
For each parasite:
Therefore, in the context of your question, both liverfluke and tapeworm are hermaphrodites. However, if choosing only one as a typical example of a hermaphroditic endoparasite, both can be valid responses, but tapeworm is often more prominently recognized.
Question 3 Report
Which of the following is not correct about the importance of agriculture?
Answer Details
Agriculture is fundamentally vital to many aspects of human society and the economy. Let's explore how the given points pertain to the importance of agriculture:
Provision of Raw Materials for Agro-Based Industries: Agriculture supplies essential raw materials like cotton, jute, sugarcane, and rubber that are crucial for various industries. This makes it an important backbone for industrial operations.
Serving as a Main Source of Foreign Exchange: Agricultural products such as coffee, cocoa, tea, and spices are often exported globally. This means agriculture is a significant contributor to foreign exchange earnings, helping stabilize economies, especially in developing countries.
Supply of Food: One of the fundamental roles of agriculture is to provide food for human consumption. It is the primary source of sustenance for the global population, making it an indispensable element for food security.
Provision of Employment: Agriculture is a major employment sector worldwide. It provides jobs for millions of people, particularly in rural areas, contributing significantly to livelihoods and income generation.
The point that is not correct in highlighting the importance of agriculture from a different context would depend on the wider economic and geographical setting, but generally, all stated points are commonly acknowledged as essential roles played by agriculture.
Question 4 Report
Weed plants which grow on other plants without deriving nutrients from them are called
Answer Details
Plants that grow on other plants but do not take nutrients from them are called epiphytes. Unlike parasites, which extract nutrients from their host plant, epiphytes simply use the host plant for physical support. This allows them to gain better access to light, air, and rainwater. Epiphytes are common in rainforests, where they grow on larger trees to reach sunlight. They have special adaptations, like aerial roots, to absorb moisture and nutrients from the air rather than relying on the soil.
Question 5 Report
The water-snail is important in the life cycle of
Answer Details
The water-snail is important in the life cycle of the liver fluke. Liver flukes are parasitic flatworms that cause a disease called fascioliasis in the liver of various mammals, including humans, cattle, and sheep.
Here is a simple explanation of how the water-snail fits into the liver fluke's life cycle:
1. Egg Stage: The adult liver fluke lives in the host's liver and produces eggs, which are excreted in the host's feces.
2. Miracidium Stage: These eggs hatch in a water environment into larval forms called miracidia.
3. Snail Host: The miracidia must find and penetrate a specific species of freshwater snail. The water-snail serves as the intermediate host where the liver fluke undergoes a significant part of its development.
4. Sporocyst, Rediae, and Cercariae Stages: Inside the snail, the liver fluke develops through several stages: sporocysts, rediae, and cercariae.
5. Free-swimming Cercariae: The cercariae leave the snail and enter the water, seeking to attach to aquatic plants or other surfaces.
6. Metacercariae on Plants: The cercariae encyst to form metacercariae on these plants, waiting to be ingested by the next mammalian host.
Thus, the water-snail plays a crucial role as an intermediate host, enabling the fluke to transform into forms that are ready to infect mammals. Without the snail, the liver fluke's life cycle cannot continue.
Question 6 Report
Which of the following defines agriculture?
Answer Details
Agriculture is best defined as the science and art of farming to satisfy human needs. This definition encompasses a broad range of activities that include both the cultivation of soil for growing crops and the raising of livestock. The concept of agriculture covers various aspects such as soil management, crop production, breeding, genetics, plant pathology, and more. It is both a science, because it involves understanding biological, chemical, and ecological processes, and an art, because it requires skill and expertise to effectively manage these processes to produce food and other resources needed by humans. Therefore, among the definitions provided, this one captures the full scope of what agriculture truly involves.
Question 7 Report
Government laws and reforms are aimed at
Answer Details
Government laws and reforms in the agricultural sector are primarily aimed at increasing agricultural production. This is achieved through a variety of mechanisms, such as providing subsidies, implementing policies that support farmers, investing in agricultural research and technology, and ensuring access to resources like water and land. These efforts are designed to enhance the efficiency and productivity of agricultural activities. By increasing agricultural production, the government can ensure food security, reduce dependency on imports, and support the livelihood of farmers and related industries.
Question 8 Report
The most important factor that determines the rate of agricultural development in a country is the
Answer Details
The **most important factor** that determines the rate of agricultural development in a country is the **readiness of farmers to adopt viable agricultural research results**. Here's why:
1. Innovation and Efficiency: Agricultural research provides new techniques, tools, and practices that can significantly increase crop yields, reduce costs, and improve sustainability. When farmers are ready and willing to adopt these research results, they can implement more efficient and effective farming methods.
2. Adaptability to Change: The world of agriculture is continually evolving with advances in technology, improved crop varieties, pest control methods, and climate-smart practices. Farmers who are open to adopting research findings can quickly adapt to changes and challenges, leading to more robust agricultural development.
3. Economic Growth: By embracing new research, farmers can produce higher quality or larger quantities of agricultural products. This can lead to increased income for farmers, a reduction in poverty, and a contribution to the overall economic development of the country.
4. Sustainability: Viable agricultural research often focuses on sustainable practices. Farmers who are willing to implement these results help protect the environment, conserve resources, and ensure agricultural productivity for future generations.
While factors such as the number of machinery, herbicide use, and provision of raw materials are important, **they are secondary to the primary role of adopting research**. Machinery and herbicides are tools that can enhance farming when used appropriately, but their effectiveness largely depends on farmers being informed through research. Similarly, the provision of raw materials relies on agricultural production, which research adoption profoundly enhances.
Question 9 Report
In the nitrogen cycle , nitrite is oxidized to nitrate by
Answer Details
In the nitrogen cycle, the conversion of nitrite into nitrate is an important step. This process is known as nitrification. Nitrification is carried out by specific types of bacteria found in soil and water environments. The bacteria responsible for this transformation are primarily of the genus called Nitrobacter.
Nitrobacter bacteria play a crucial role by taking nitrite (NO2-), which is a less stable and less usable form of nitrogen for most plants, and converting it into nitrate (NO3-), which is a more stable and accessible form of nitrogen for plant uptake. This step is crucial because it makes nitrogen available in a form that can be easily absorbed by plants, thus supporting plant growth and development.
In summary, Nitrobacter are the bacteria responsible for oxidizing nitrite to nitrate in the nitrogen cycle.
Question 10 Report
The provision of farm inputs to farmers by the government can best be described as
Answer Details
The provision of farm inputs to farmers by the government can best be described as a subsidy.
A subsidy is a form of financial assistance given by the government to reduce the cost of products or services, making them more affordable for the public. When the government provides farm inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, and equipment at reduced costs or even for free, this helps farmers to lower their production costs. By doing so, farmers can produce agricultural goods more efficiently and affordably, leading to increased agricultural output and potentially lower prices for consumers.
Providing farm inputs as a subsidy can encourage agricultural productivity, support small-scale farmers, and boost the agricultural sector's overall growth and contribution to the economy. Unlike a loan or credit, which must be repaid, a subsidy does not require repayment, making it a direct form of assistance to farmers.
Question 11 Report
When a piece of land is leased to a farmer, the land is said to be
Answer Details
When a piece of land is leased to a farmer, the land is said to be allocated on a rental basis.
Let me explain further:
Leasing is a common agreement where the owner of a property (in this case, the land) grants someone else (the farmer) the right to use that property for a specified period. This does not involve buying the land; instead, the farmer pays a regular fee, often called rent, to the landowner.
In this arrangement, the landowner retains ownership of the land, and the agreement usually includes terms such as duration, financial compensation, and specific uses of the land. At the end of the lease, the land typically returns to the owner's control unless the lease is renewed.
Thus, leasing involves the use of the land under a rental agreement, not purchasing it, receiving it as a gift, or as a subsidy.
Question 12 Report
New-born animals should be fed with colostrum because it
Answer Details
New-born animals should be fed with colostrum primarily because it contains antibodies that protect them against diseases. Colostrum is the first milk produced by the mother shortly after giving birth. This special milk is rich in antibodies and nutrients essential for the new-born's health.
Antibodies are proteins that can fight infections and boost the immune system. By consuming colostrum, new-born animals receive immediate protection against common diseases and infections they might encounter in the first days of their life. This early protection is crucial because new-borns are particularly vulnerable to illnesses until their own immune systems are more developed.
While colostrum is also easily digested and is the first milk produced before birth, the primary reason it is so vital for new-borns is the presence of these protective antibodies.
Question 13 Report
Although clay soil is rich in nutrients, they are not good for most agricultural crop production because
- They do not release their nutrients
- Are too compact
- Poorly aerated
- Contain too much iron, aluminum, and boron.
- Lose their nutrient too readily after rain.
Which of the above is most correct
Answer Details
Clay soil presents several challenges for agricultural crop production despite being rich in nutrients. One primary issue is that it often fails to release its nutrients effectively. The fine particles of clay hold onto nutrients too tightly, making it difficult for plant roots to absorb them. This means that although the nutrients are present, they are not always available to plants.
Another significant concern is that clay soil is too compact and poorly aerated. The tiny particles pack closely together, preventing air from circulating. This lack of aeration can lead to waterlogging, where plants cannot access oxygen needed for healthy root development. As a result, root systems can become weak and unable to support plant growth.
Additionally, clay soil may contain excessive amounts of iron, aluminum, and boron. While these elements are necessary in small quantities, their high levels can be toxic to plants, affecting their growth and development negatively.
Lastly, clay soil has a tendency to lose its nutrients readily after rain. Heavy rains can cause leaching, where water carries nutrients away from the root zone. Despite its nutrient richness, clay soil can become nutrient-deficient quickly after heavy rains, requiring frequent fertilization.
Overall, while clay soil is nutrient-rich, its composition and physical properties can significantly hinder crop production, making it less suitable for agriculture without proper management and amendment strategies.
Question 14 Report
The factors that affect the number and the activities of soil micro-organisms include the following except
Answer Details
When evaluating the factors that affect the number and activities of soil microorganisms, it's essential to understand how each factor influences their environment:
Soil Moisture: Water is crucial for the survival of microorganisms as it facilitates their metabolic processes and nutrient transfer. Soil moisture can significantly affect microbial activity and population. Too much or too little water can reduce microbial activity since it impacts their ability to respire and access nutrition.
Degree of Soil Acidity (pH): The pH level of soil affects the growth and diversity of microorganisms. Each microorganism has its preferred pH range, and extreme acidity or alkalinity can hinder their growth. Hence, the acidity of the soil plays a crucial role in determining the microbial population.
Soil Aeration: Oxygen availability is vital for the respiration of aerobic soil microorganisms. Good soil aeration ensures that oxygen can penetrate the soil, which supports aerobic microbial activity. Poorly aerated soils may favor anaerobic organisms but lower the overall microbial diversity and activity.
Topography: Contrary to the other factors, topography itself does not directly affect the number and activities of soil microorganisms. However, it can indirectly influence factors like moisture and temperature distribution across the landscape. The impacts of topography are often significant but are more mediated through secondary effects rather than being a direct factor influencing microbial numbers and activities.
In conclusion, while soil moisture, acidity, and aeration directly influence the presence and activity of soil microorganisms, topography primarily affects them indirectly through its effects on other environmental conditions.
Question 15 Report
The alternate heating and cooling of rocks will result in
Answer Details
The **alternate heating and cooling of rocks** will primarily result in **fragmentation**. This process is commonly known as **physical weathering** or **mechanical weathering**.
Here's how it works:
In contrast, the other processes listed involve different conditions:
Thus, the **alternate heating and cooling of rocks** primarily results in their **fragmentation** into smaller pieces.
Question 16 Report
The foot and mouth disease of cattle is caused by a
Answer Details
The foot and mouth disease of cattle is caused by a virus. This particular virus is known as the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV). It is a highly contagious viral infection that affects not only cattle but other cloven-hoofed animals like sheep, goats, and pigs. The disease is characterized by the development of blisters in the mouth and on the feet, leading to lameness and drooling.
The virus spreads rapidly among animals through direct contact, contaminated feed, and even the wind, making it challenging to control. Managing this disease involves strict biosecurity measures, vaccination programs, and sometimes culling infected animals to prevent further spread. Understanding that the cause is viral is crucial because it informs the strategies used for prevention and control, which differ significantly from those for diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, or nematodes.
Question 17 Report
The main aim of wildlife management is to
Answer Details
The **main aim** of wildlife management is to prevent the extinction of species. Wildlife management involves the practices and strategies aimed at sustaining healthy animal populations and habitats. This field of study ensures that animal species do not disappear from our planet by addressing factors such as habitat degradation, overhunting, and the effects of climate change.
Conservation efforts focus on maintaining ecological balance and biodiversity, which is critical for the survival of numerous species. By protecting and managing wildlife and their habitats, we not only prevent species extinction but also sustain ecosystems that support all forms of life.
While concepts such as providing protein, controlling parasites, and generating income from wildlife might be related goals, they are not the primary focus. The ultimate objective of wildlife management is the conservation of biodiversity, ensuring that species continue to thrive for future generations.
Question 18 Report
Food shortage can be minimized by
Answer Details
Food shortage is a significant issue that affects many parts of the world. One effective way to minimize food shortages is through the implementation of efficient pest control services. Pest control is critical because pests can destroy crops, leading to a substantial reduction in food supply. If pest populations are not managed, the damage to crops can be devastating, resulting in fewer yields. By using pest control services, farmers can protect their crops from insects, rodents, and other pests that threaten food production.
Here is a simple explanation of how efficient pest control can help minimize food shortages:
1. Protecting Crops: Efficient pest control services help in safeguarding plants from being consumed or damaged by pests. This means that more crops can be harvested and converted into food, helping to maintain an adequate food supply.
2. Improving Yield: When pest control measures are adopted, the quality and quantity of the harvest improve. Healthy crops mean more food can reach the market and consumers.
3. Promoting Sustainable Agriculture: By controlling pests efficiently, farmers can focus on sustainable farming practices rather than resorting to excessive chemical use. This approach not only protects the crops but also conserves the environment.
In conclusion, focusing on effective pest control is a key strategy in reducing food shortages. It plays a crucial role in protecting agricultural output, improving food quality, and ensuring that food supply remains stable and sufficient for the population.
Question 19 Report
The following are characteristics of quartz except
Answer Details
Quartz is a very common mineral, and some of its main characteristics include being glass-like in appearance and having a shiny surface. These properties are due to its ability to form into well-defined crystals that reflect and refract light. Additionally, quartz can appear granular when it is found in massive form, often forming compact, grain-like masses.
However, the characteristic that does not align with quartz is having cleavage. Cleavage in minerals refers to the tendency to break along smooth, flat surfaces, which is a property due to weaknesses in the mineral's structure. Unlike some minerals, quartz does not have cleavage. Instead, it exhibits a property known as conchoidal fracture, which means it breaks with curved, shell-like surfaces rather than smooth, flat planes.
In summary, the property that does not describe quartz is having cleavage, as quartz is known for its conchoidal fracture. The other characteristics such as being glass-like, shiny, and sometimes appearing granular are true descriptions of quartz.
Question 20 Report
Which of the following statements is not correct about the land use act?
Answer Details
The Land Use Act is a policy that was enacted to manage and regulate land ownership and use. Here is an exploration of each statement:
Thus, the statement that land cannot be used for any purpose is the one that is not correct about the Land Use Act, as the Act actually facilitates multiple uses of land.
Question 21 Report
Which of the following group of crops can be attacked by smut diseases?
Answer Details
Smut diseases are caused by a group of fungi that primarily attack cereal crops. The infection leads to the formation of thick-walled and often black, sooty spores. The crops most affected by smut diseases are those in the grass family. These fungi often attack the grains or inflorescences of the plants, which can lead to significant agricultural losses.
Out of the given options, the crops rice, maize, and guinea corn are susceptible to smut diseases. Here's why:
Therefore, rice, maize, and guinea corn form the group of crops that can be attacked by smut diseases.
Question 22 Report
The diagram above illustrates a reproductive process in a farm animal, study the process and answer the questions.
Which word best describes the process depicted by the diagram?
Answer Details
To explain this reproductive process comprehensively, let's break down each term and how it fits into the reproductive cycle of a farm animal.
Gestation: This is the period during which a female animal carries a developing embryo or fetus inside her body. In farm animals, gestation varies depending on the species. For example, the average gestation period for cows is about nine months, while for pigs it's around three months. During this phase, the female's body supports the developing young until birth.
Heat: Otherwise known as estrus, this is the period when a female animal is receptive to mating. It is part of the estrous cycle and signals that ovulation is about to occur. *During this time, the female exhibits specific behavioral changes that attract the male animal for breeding.
Ovulation: This is the process when the female's ovary releases an egg or ovum. It is a critical stage in the reproductive cycle because it's the time when fertilization by the male's sperm can occur. **Ovulation is timed with the heat period, making conception possible.**
Lactation: This is the period following birth during which a female animal produces milk. Lactation is essential for the nourishment and growth of the newborn. In many farm animals, lactation starts after parturition (birth) and continues for several months, providing the necessary nutrients for the offspring's development.
In conclusion, the reproductive process in farm animals involves a sequence of stages: **the female comes into heat and ovulates, potentially leading to conception.** If the egg is fertilized, the gestation period follows, culminating in birth, after which lactation begins to provide for the newborn. Each stage is meticulously timed and crucial for successful reproduction.
Question 23 Report
One of the peculiarities of the intestine tract of a fowl is the possession of
Answer Details
The intestinal tract of a fowl, like other avian species, has a peculiar feature known as the cloaca. This is a common cavity at the end of the digestive tract into which the intestinal, urinary, and reproductive tracts open. While many animals have separate openings for these systems, birds have a single opening called the cloaca.
The cloaca is a unique characteristic because it serves multiple functions. It receives waste from the intestines, urine from the kidneys, and eggs or sperm from the reproductive system. The cloaca then opens to the outside of the body, allowing the bird to excrete waste and reproduce.
This structure is different from mammals, which have separate systems for digestion, waste excretion, and reproduction. The cloaca is an efficient way for birds to streamline these processes, making it a distinctive and important feature of their anatomy.
Question 24 Report
The correct sequence of the components of a goat's stomach is
Answer Details
Goats, like other ruminants, have a unique digestive system adapted to break down fibrous plant material. Their stomach is divided into four compartments, each with specialized functions. Understanding the correct sequence of these compartments is crucial for comprehending how goats digest their food.
The correct sequence of a goat’s stomach is:
1. **Rumen**: This is the first and largest compartment. It serves as a fermentation vat where complex plant fibers are broken down by bacteria and other microorganisms. The rumen allows for the initial breakdown of food and is crucial for the digestion of cellulose found in plants.
2. **Reticulum**: Sometimes considered part of the rumen (together referred to as the reticulo-rumen), the reticulum works closely with the rumen. It traps foreign materials like small stones or metal objects and forms smaller food particles into cud, which are regurgitated back to the mouth for further chewing and digestion.
3. **Omasum**: This compartment acts as a filter. It absorbs water and minerals from the digested food and grinds the food particles further. The omasum has many folds, increasing its surface area to maximize absorption.
4. **Abomasum**: Known as the "true stomach," the abomasum is similar to a monogastric stomach (like in humans). It uses acids and digestive enzymes to break down proteins and complete the digestion process, preparing the food for intestines.
Thus, the correct sequence is rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum.
Question 25 Report
Andropogon gayanus is commonly called
Answer Details
Andropogon gayanus is commonly called gamba grass.
The reason it is referred to as gamba grass stems from its characteristics and origin. Andropogon gayanus is a perennial grass species native to Africa, and it has been introduced to several other regions due to its usefulness as a cattle fodder because of its high biomass production and adaptability to different environments. Despite being beneficial for grazing, it can also become an invasive species in environments outside its native range. This characteristic name comes from its widespread and recognized use in agricultural and ecological contexts.
Question 26 Report
Financial assistance from the government to the farmers is usually in the following forms except
Answer Details
Financial assistance from the government to farmers generally comes in various forms. Let's explore each of them:
Subsidy: A subsidy is a financial support provided by the government to farmers. It helps in lowering the cost of agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, and machinery, making farming more affordable and sustainable. The aim is to enhance production and stabilize food prices.
Loans: Governments often provide loans to farmers at low interest rates. These loans help farmers invest in better equipment, seeds, and technology, which can improve productivity and reduce dependency on traditional methods.
Credit: Similar to loans, credit involves providing financial resources to farmers. It can be in the form of credit lines that farmers can draw from as needed, allowing them flexibility in managing cash flows for various farming needs.
Now, let's consider tax.
Tax is not a form of financial assistance; it is actually the opposite, as it involves the government collecting money from individuals and businesses. Taxes contribute to the government's revenue but do not directly assist farmers financially like subsidies, loans, or credit.
Therefore, among the options listed, tax is the exception as it is a form of financial obligation rather than assistance.
Question 27 Report
The horizon of the soil profile that encourages the greatest level of microbial activity is
Answer Details
The soil profile consists of different layers, known as horizons, each having distinct characteristics. The horizon where the greatest level of microbial activity occurs is the A-horizon. Let me explain why this is the case in a simple and comprehensive way.
The A-horizon is also known as the topsoil. It is the uppermost layer of the soil and is rich in organic material. This horizon contains **humus**, which is decomposed organic matter, making it very fertile. The reasons why microbial activity is so high in the A-horizon are:
Overall, the combination of abundant organic material and favorable living conditions supports robust microbial communities in the A-horizon, making it the layer with the greatest microbial activity.
Question 28 Report
A characteristic feature of subsistence agriculture is
Answer Details
Subsistence agriculture is a type of farming where the primary aim is to produce enough food to meet the needs of the farmer's family, with little or no surplus for sale in the market. A characteristic feature of subsistence agriculture is the reliance on the supply of labor by farm families. This means that the farm work is primarily done by the family members themselves, and there is minimal use of hired labor.
In subsistence agriculture, the farmers often use traditional farming methods and tools, making family labor essential for farming activities. Unlike commercial agriculture, which focuses on maximizing production for sale, subsistence farming is primarily about meeting the family's food needs. As a result, the decisions on what to plant and how much to produce are driven by the household's consumption needs rather than market demands.
Question 29 Report
Which of the following soil water is tightly held to the surface of the soil particles?
Answer Details
The type of soil water that is tightly held to the surface of soil particles is hygroscopic water.
Here is a simple explanation:
In contrast, the other types of soil water, like capillary water and gravitational water, are less tightly bound and more available to plants or can be drained away under the force of gravity.
Question 30 Report
The tree species commonly planted for pulpwood is
Answer Details
When it comes to planting tree species for pulpwood, the primary goal is to select species that grow quickly and produce a high yield of wood fiber. **Gmelina arborea**, commonly referred to as Gmelina, is one of the most popular tree species used for this purpose. There are several reasons for this preference:
These characteristics make **Gmelina arborea** an ideal choice for pulpwood production, allowing it to be favored in plantations focused on the production of pulp and paper products.
Question 31 Report
Which of the following processes will not lead to the loss of nutrients from the soil?
Answer Details
The process that will not lead to the loss of nutrients from the soil is mulching.
Here's a simple explanation of each process:
Leaching: This occurs when water (often from rain or irrigation) washes away nutrients from the soil into lower layers, making them unavailable to plants. This can result in a significant nutrient loss.
Harvesting: When crops are harvested, the nutrients that have accumulated in the plants' leaves, fruits, and other parts are removed from the environment, thus reducing the soil's nutrient content.
Erosion: This is the process where wind, water, or other natural agents wear away and move soil and its nutrients from one location to another, often leading to a reduction of soil fertility.
Mulching: This involves covering the soil with materials like straw, leaves, or wood chips. Mulching can help to retain soil moisture, reduce erosion, and enhance nutrient content as the mulch decomposes. Therefore, rather than causing nutrient loss, mulching adds nutrients back into the soil.
Question 32 Report
Igneous rocks formed within the crust are called
Answer Details
Igneous rocks that form within the Earth's crust are called plutonic rocks. These rocks form when magma cools and solidifies slowly beneath the Earth's surface. Because of the slow cooling process, plutonic rocks typically have large, visible crystals. A common example of a plutonic rock is granite.
To better understand, imagine that magma is like a molten rock mixture. When it finds its way into the Earth's crust and cools down very slowly, it gives enough time for the crystals to grow large. This is different from volcanic rocks, which are formed when magma reaches the surface, cools quickly and forms smaller crystals.
Question 33 Report
Gneiss is a metamorphic rock formed from?
Answer Details
Gneiss is a type of metamorphic rock that primarily forms from the metamorphism of granite. Let's break this down to understand it better.
Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks are subjected to high heat, high pressure, or chemically active fluids. This process, known as metamorphism, alters the mineral composition and structure of the original rock, also known as the parent rock or protolith.
Granite is an igneous rock composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and mica. When granite undergoes metamorphism, typically deep within the Earth's crust where pressures and temperatures are high, it changes into a different kind of rock.
The specific conditions cause the minerals within the granite to align into bands or layers, giving gneiss its characteristic banded appearance. This banding is called "foliation."
While other types of rocks like slate, shale, and sandstone can also undergo metamorphism, they result in different metamorphic rocks. For instance:
In summary, gneiss is primarily the result of the metamorphism of granite.
Question 34 Report
Which of the following does not fit into the agricultural use of land
Answer Details
The activity that does not fit into the agricultural use of land is mining. Here's why:
Question 35 Report
Plant breeders aim at obtaining the following except
Answer Details
Plant breeders are focused on improving the characteristics of plants to meet specific goals and demands. Here is an explanation of the aims listed, highlighting the one that is generally not a typical aim for breeders:
Adaptation to pollination: Plant breeders generally focus on adaptations that allow for more efficient pollination. This could involve traits that attract pollinators or improve the chances of successful fertilization.
Tolerance to climate extremes: A significant aim for breeders is to develop plants that can withstand adverse climate conditions like drought, frost, or extreme temperatures. This ensures that the plants can survive and produce fruits or seeds even under challenging environments.
Uniformity in the time of maturity: Breeders aim for uniform maturity so that the entire crop can be harvested at the same time, simplifying the harvesting process and improving efficiency.
Resistance to pests: This is a critical aim because it reduces the need for pesticides, lowers production costs, and increases yield by ensuring that plants are less susceptible to diseases and pest attacks.
The point that is generally not a focus of plant breeders is adaptation to pollination specifically in terms of adapting plants for their own pollination processes. While pollination is important, breeders are more focused on traits that enhance successful pollination rather than altering the plant to adapt specifically for that process.
Question 36 Report
The replacement of traditional farming methods with modern methods is a step in agricultural development
Answer Details
The replacement of traditional farming methods with modern methods is indeed a step in agricultural development. Here's why:
Modern Methods refer to the use of advanced techniques, tools, and technologies in agriculture, such as tractors, genetically modified seeds, chemical fertilizers, and automated irrigation systems. These methods have several advantages:
By adopting these modern methods, farmers can not only maximize production but also ensure the sustainability and economic viability of their agricultural practices. This shift from traditional to modern methods represents a significant development in agriculture as it transforms the way farming is performed, leading to overall growth and efficiency in the agricultural sector.
Question 37 Report
Which of the following feedstuff does not contain phosphorus?
Answer Details
In the context of animal nutrition, it's crucial to distinguish the nutrient content of various feedstuffs. When considering phosphorus, which is an essential mineral for bones and other biological functions, it's important to identify feedstuffs based on their primary composition.
Limestone and oyster shell are primarily composed of calcium carbonate. They are often used in animal feeds to supplement calcium, not phosphorus. Both these materials are mainly known for their high calcium content and typically contain little to no phosphorus.
On the other hand, fish meal and blood meal are animal-derived feed components rich in proteins and generally contain phosphorus as part of their natural organic composition.
Therefore, the feedstuff that does not contain phosphorus among the options listed is limestone, since it primarily provides calcium and not phosphorus.
Question 38 Report
Wastage of agricultural products during the harvesting period is mainly due to inadequate?
Answer Details
Wastage of agricultural products during the harvesting period is primarily due to inadequate storage and processing facilities. Let's break this down:
When crops are harvested, they need to be properly stored to maintain their quality and prevent spoilage. Without adequate storage facilities, farmers may not be able to keep their produce under the right conditions, leading to deterioration. This is especially important for perishable products like fruits and vegetables, which can spoil quickly if not kept in cool, dry places.
Furthermore, processing facilities are crucial for handling agricultural products soon after harvesting. Processing can include cleaning, sorting, drying, or packaging produce, which helps extend its shelf life and makes it ready for market. Without these facilities, produce can quickly degrade, resulting in significant wastage.
In summary, having sufficient and efficient storage and processing facilities is key to reducing wastage of agricultural products during the harvest period. It ensures that produce maintains its quality and can reach consumers without spoilage.
Question 39 Report
Which of the following is an example of igneous rock?
Answer Details
The correct answer is granite. Let me explain why:
Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. They are one of the three main types of rocks, the other two being sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Now, let’s briefly look at the options:
Therefore, based on the formation and characteristics, granite is the example of an igneous rock in the list.
Question 40 Report
The type of soil with a particle size of 0.02 to 0.002 mm
Answer Details
The type of soil with a particle size ranging from 0.002 to 0.05 millimeters is known as silt. Soil particles are classified based on their sizes, and here is a brief explanation of other soil types for context:
In summary, silt describes soil with a particle size of 0.002 to 0.05 millimeters, making it distinct in its smooth texture and moderate drainage capacity.
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