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Question 1 Report
The part of the inner ear that is responsible for hearing is
Answer Details
The part of the inner ear that is responsible for hearing is the cochlea.
The cochlea is a spiral-shaped, fluid-filled structure that looks a little like a snail shell. Its primary function is to convert sound waves from the air into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain as sound. Here's how it works:
Thus, the cochlea plays an essential role in the process of hearing by transforming sound vibrations into nerve impulses that the brain can understand.
Question 2 Report
The part of the brain that receives sensory impulses of smell is the
Answer Details
The part of the brain that receives sensory impulses of smell is the olfactory lobe. When you perceive a scent, information from the nose's sensory cells is sent to the olfactory lobe, and it is here that the brain begins the process of identifying the fragrance. The olfactory bulb is the first region that processes smell sensory data, allowing you to discern various odors. Other parts of the brain, like the cerebrum, help process and associate these smells with memories or emotions, but the olfactory lobe is the initial receiver of these sensory signals related to smell.
Question 3 Report
If the F1 generation allows for self-pollination, what will be the genotypic ratio of the offspring?
Answer Details
To determine the genotypic ratio of the offspring when the F1 generation allows for self-pollination, first understand the process of Mendelian genetics. In a typical monohybrid cross, let's assume two homozygous parents, one dominant (AA) and one recessive (aa). When these two are crossed, the F1 generation will all have the genotype Aa, which is heterozygous.
If we allow the F1 generation (Aa) to self-pollinate, crossing Aa with Aa, the potential genotypes of the offspring can be determined using a Punnett square:
| A | a | |
| A | AA | Aa |
| a | Aa | aa |
From this Punnett square, you can see the possible combinations:
Thus, the genotypic ratio of the offspring is 1 : 2 : 1, which represents one homozygous dominant (AA), two heterozygous (Aa), and one homozygous recessive (aa).
Question 4 Report
Lamarck's theory of evolution is based on the idea of
Answer Details
Lamarck's theory of evolution is based on the idea of the inheritance of acquired traits. According to Lamarck, organisms can change during their lifetime by using or not using certain parts of their body. For example, he suggested that if a giraffe stretches its neck to reach higher leaves on trees, its neck will become longer. Furthermore, these traits that were acquired during an organism's lifetime could then be passed down to its offspring. Thus, the next generation would inherit the longer neck, leading to a gradual evolution of longer-necked giraffes over generations. This theory was one of the earliest ideas about evolution, although it has since been largely superseded by Darwin's theory of natural selection.
Question 5 Report
The resemblance of an organism to another organism as means of enhancing it's chances of survival in its habitat is known as
Answer Details
The phenomenon you are referring to is called mimicry. Mimicry occurs when one organism, known as the mimic, evolves to resemble another organism, called the model, in order to gain some advantage. This resemblance can help the mimic improve its chances of survival within its habitat.
Mimicry typically involves visual similarities, although it can also extend to auditory, olfactory, or behavioral traits. By mimicking another organism, the mimic may benefit in various ways, such as avoiding predators, enhancing foraging success, or improving reproductive opportunities.
For example, some harmless species may mimic the appearance of dangerous or unpalatable species to deter predators, while others might conceal themselves by resembling the environment or other benign organisms. This strategy not only helps them evade threats but sometimes aids in approaching prey. Overall, mimicry is a powerful evolutionary adaptation that plays a crucial role in the survival of many species.
Question 6 Report
Body temperature, thirst and hunger are regulated by
Answer Details
The regulation of body temperature, thirst, and hunger is primarily managed by the hypothalamus. This is a small but crucial part of the brain located just below the thalamus. It plays a key role in maintaining the body's internal balance, known as homeostasis.
Here is a simple breakdown of its functions:
The hypothalamus achieves these regulations by interacting with the endocrine system, releasing hormones that affect various bodily functions. So, if you are thinking of which area of the brain is in charge of these vital processes, the answer is indeed the hypothalamus.
Question 7 Report
Use the diagram above to answer the question that follows.
Examples of non-vascular plants are labelled
Answer Details
Marchantia is a member of the Marchantiaceae, the Marchantia family. This family is one of many thalloid liverwort families or bryophyta. A thalloid liverwort is strap-like and often forms large colonies on the surface on which it grows. A liverwort is non-vascular green plant.
Spirogyra is a green algae that is a member of the Thallophyta division. It is also known as water silk, mermaid's tresses, and blanket weed.
Dryopteris, also known as wood ferns, male ferns, or buckler ferns, is a genus of ferns in the Dryopteridaceae family, of pteridophyta.
Cycads are part of the order Cycadales and the division Cycadophyta, which are both groups of gymnosperms.
Maize belongs to the group angiosperms. Angiosperms are plants that have a well-developed vascular system
Only bryophytes(Marchantia) - I and Thallophytes (Spirogyra) - II are non- vascular, others have vascular systems. Therefore option A is the correct answer.
Question 8 Report
Similar structures that are modified to work in different ways in different organisms are referred to as
Answer Details
Structures that are similar in form and origin but have been **modified** over time to function differently in various organisms are known as **homologous structures**. These structures indicate a common evolutionary ancestor. For example, the forelimbs of humans, bats, whales, and cats have the same basic bone structure but have adapted differently for tasks such as grabbing, flying, swimming, and walking. Each of these organisms developed modifications in their limb structure to suit their environment and lifestyle, which showcases the concept of homologous structures. Unlike **analogous structures** that have similar functions in different organisms but different evolutionary origins, homologous structures emphasize a common ancestry with different functional outcomes.
Question 9 Report
The feeding relationship between ruminants and the bacteria in their digestive tract is
Answer Details
The feeding relationship between ruminants and the bacteria in their digestive tract is symbiotic. In this type of relationship, both the ruminants and the bacteria benefit from each other.
Here's how it works:
This mutual benefit showcases a symbiotic relationship, where both organisms support each other's survival and wellbeing.
Question 10 Report
Answer Details
The central nervous system (CNS) is a crucial part of the overall nervous system in the body, responsible for processing information and controlling most functions of the body and mind. It comprises the brain and the spinal cord.
1. Brain: The brain is the control center of the CNS. It is responsible for interpreting sensory information, coordinating movement, and managing functions such as thoughts, emotions, and memories. The brain oversees all voluntary and involuntary actions.
2. Spinal Cord: The spinal cord acts like a communication highway, transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body. It is essential for reflex actions and relays messages to and from the brain.
Together, the brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system. Without this system, the body would not be able to respond appropriately to stimuli or maintain homeostasis. Thus, the correct components of the central nervous system are the brain and spinal cord.
Question 11 Report
Loamy soil is characterized by
Answer Details
Loamy soil is characterized by a distinct combination of features that make it particularly favorable for plant growth. It contains a balanced mixture of three types of soil particles: sand, silt, and clay. This combination gives loamy soil its unique properties.
High Humus: Loamy soil is known for having a high content of organic matter, often referred to as humus. Humus is important because it improves soil fertility, provides vital nutrients for plants, and helps retain moisture.
Moderate Porosity: Loamy soil has a structure that provides moderate porosity. This means it can hold water effectively while also allowing excess water to drain away, ensuring that plants have both the water and air they need. It balances water retention and aeration very well.
Because of these characteristics, loamy soil is considered one of the best soils for agriculture and gardening. Therefore, the description that best characterizes loamy soil is high humus and moderate porosity.
Question 12 Report
A common component of blood and lymph is
Answer Details
Blood and lymph are both crucial components of the circulatory and immune systems in the body. One of the key components that is common to both blood and lymph is the white blood cell. Here's how:
White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, play a significant role in defending the body against infections, diseases, and foreign invaders. They are an essential part of the immune system.
In blood, white blood cells circulate through the cardiovascular system and help in identifying and attacking pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and other harmful microorganisms.
In lymph, white blood cells are found in the lymphatic fluid and lymph nodes, where they help filter and trap pathogens, preventing them from spreading further into the body.
Therefore, white blood cells are the common component of both blood and lymph, playing a crucial role in the body's defense mechanisms.
Question 13 Report
Answer Details
Inbreeding is highly discouraged in humans primarily because it can greatly increase the risk of hereditary diseases. When close relatives, who may share similar genetic traits, have children together, there is a higher probability that both parents carry the same recessive genes. These recessive genes could cause genetic disorders if inherited in pairs. In an outbred population, these recessive genes are less likely to pair up, thereby reducing the risk of such disorders.
Hereditary diseases include conditions like cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and Tay-Sachs disease. These diseases can cause severe health problems and affect the quality of life of those born with them. The higher genetic similarity between parents who are closely related increases the chances of these diseases manifesting in their offspring.
In addition, inbreeding can also lead to the phenomenon known as "inbreeding depression," which can cause a reduction in fertility, survivability, and growth rates due to the accumulation of deleterious alleles. This can contribute to an increased death rate of newborns or result in other developmental concerns.
In summary, inbreeding increases the likelihood of harmful genetic conditions being expressed and can significantly impact the health and survival of the offspring, which is why it is strongly discouraged in human societies.
Question 14 Report
Pentadactyl forelimb of vertebrate function due to differences in environment is
Answer Details
A pentadactyl forelimb in vertebrates, meaning a forelimb with five digits, serves a variety of functions depending on the animal's environment, showcasing how a single basic structure can be adapted through evolution to suit different needs, like swimming, flying, running, or grasping, all while maintaining the underlying five-digit pattern as a result of shared ancestry.
Physiological evidence is an evidence of evolution that deals with the functions of body parts among different species. For example, analogous structures are body parts of different species that have a similar function but can look different.
Moreover, physiological evidence focuses on the specific functional mechanisms and processes that underline the pentadactyl limb's operation while comparative anatomy addresses the evolutionary and anatomical origins of the pentadactyl plan. In other words, Anatomy is the study of the body's physical structure, while physiology is the study of how the body functions.
While both comparative anatomy and physiological evidence can support the concept of the pentadactyl forelimb in vertebrates, the key difference lies in the focus of study: comparative anatomy examines the structural similarities in bone arrangement across different species, whereas physiological evidence investigates how the limb functions and adapts to different behaviours in each species; essentially, comparative anatomy looks at the "blueprint" of the limb, while physiology examines how that structure is used in different contexts.
Embryological evidence of the pentadactyl forelimb of vertebrates includes the regulation of gene expression during limb development.
The fossil record of pentadactyl forelimbs shows that many vertebrates have a similar bone structure, even though their limbs look different on the outside.
Question 15 Report
A discontinuous morphological variation often used in crime detection is the
Answer Details
In crime detection, the most popular discontinuous morphological variation used is finger prints.
Here's a simple way to understand why:
Defining Morphological Variation: Morphological variation refers to differences in the form and features of living organisms. A variation is termed as 'discontinuous' when it falls into distinct categories with no intermediates. For example, you either have a particular feature or you don't.
Why Fingerprints are Discontinuous: Fingerprints are a good example of discontinuous variation because each individual's set of fingerprints is unique. There are no gradual transitions – you either have a specific fingerprint pattern, like a loop, whorl, or arch, or you don't.
Application in Crime Detection: Because everyone has a unique set of fingerprints and these can be easily left on surfaces, fingerprints are a powerful tool in crime detection. Investigators gather fingerprint evidence from crime scenes and compare them with fingerprint databases to identify suspects.
In conclusion, the use of fingerprints lies mainly in their uniqueness and distinctiveness, making them crucial for identifying individuals in forensic investigations.
Question 16 Report
An instrument used for measuring the intensity of light
Answer Details
The instrument used for measuring the **intensity of light** is a **photometer**.
Let me explain this in a simple way:
A **photometer** is a device that is specifically designed to measure the **strength or intensity** of light. It helps in determining how bright or dim a light source is. These devices are widely used in various fields such as photography, biology, and astronomy where measuring light intensity is crucial. Photometers can measure different wavelengths of light, including visible light, and sometimes UV or infrared light, depending on the type.
For comparison, let’s briefly learn about the other instruments mentioned:
As you can see, none of these instruments are designed to measure light intensity. Therefore, the correct instrument for measuring the **intensity of light** is the **photometer**.
Question 17 Report
The process by which plants loss water to the atmosphere is
Answer Details
The process by which plants lose water to the atmosphere is referred to as transpiration. Let's break this down:
Transpiration is the process where water absorbed by plant roots is eventually released into the atmosphere as water vapor through the plant's leaves. This primarily occurs through small openings on the leaves known as stomata.
Here's how it happens:
Transpiration is crucial for plants because it not only helps them get rid of excess water but also plays a significant role in cooling the plant and enabling the upward movement of essential nutrients from the soil. It also contributes to the water cycle by adding moisture to the atmosphere.
In summary, transpiration is an essential process where plants lose water to the atmosphere, playing an important role in plant health and environmental equilibrium.
Question 18 Report
DNA carries the genetic information and are generally found in the
Answer Details
DNA, which stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is the molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses. It is often referred to as the blueprint of life because it holds the instructions needed to build and maintain an organism.
DNA is primarily found in the chromosomes within the cell nucleus. Chromosomes are long, thread-like structures made of protein and a single molecule of DNA. Every human cell, for example, typically contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, amounting to a total of 46. These chromosomes are distributed evenly when cells divide, ensuring that each new cell contains a complete set of genetic information.
Other components like ribosomes, blood, and enzymes do not contain DNA in the way chromosomes do. Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis, blood is a body fluid important for transporting nutrients and oxygen, and enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions. While they all perform essential roles within the organism, they do not serve as carriers of genetic information.
Question 19 Report
Which of the following processes takes place in the carbon cycle?
Answer Details
The carbon cycle is a natural process through which carbon is exchanged between different components of the Earth, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. The process in the carbon cycle related to your question is combustion.
Combustion is the process of burning organic material such as fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) or biomass (like wood). When these materials are burned, they react with oxygen to produce energy, releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor as by-products. This carbon dioxide is then released into the atmosphere, where it can be absorbed by plants through photosynthesis, thereby continuing the carbon cycle.
To clarify why the other processes are not part of the carbon cycle:
In summary, combustion is the process in the list above that plays a direct role in the carbon cycle by releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Question 20 Report
Reproduction in paramecium is by
Answer Details
Paramecium is a single-celled organism that belongs to the group of protists known as ciliates. The primary method of reproduction in paramecium is through binary fission. Let's break down what that means:
Binary Fission: This is a type of asexual reproduction, which means it does not involve the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg). Instead, it is a simple division process in which the organism creates a copy of itself. Here is how it works in paramecium:
This process of binary fission allows paramecia to reproduce quickly and efficiently, leading to exponential population growth under favorable conditions. Unlike other methods like budding, spore formation, or fragmentation, binary fission is a straightforward division of the cell into two identical parts.
Conclusion: Paramecium reproduces mainly by binary fission, a type of asexual reproduction that results in two genetically identical offspring from a single parent organism.
Question 21 Report
The transmission of diseases through contamination of food is an economic importance of
Answer Details
The transmission of diseases through contamination of food is an economic importance primarily related to cockroaches.
Cockroaches are considered pests that thrive in unsanitary environments. They are known to carry various pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, on their bodies and in their droppings. When they come into contact with food, they can contaminate it, leading to foodborne diseases.
This contamination can have several economic impacts:
Therefore, managing and preventing cockroach infestations is crucial to safeguarding public health and protecting economic interests associated with food safety.
Question 22 Report
A fruit formed from one flower with many carpels is referred to as
Answer Details
A fruit formed from one flower with many carpels is referred to as an aggregate fruit.
Let me break that down further for clarity: When a single flower contains multiple ovaries (carpels), each of these ovaries can develop into a small fruit. These small fruits collectively form what is known as an aggregate fruit. This means that although the fruit appears to be one single entity, it is actually made up of many small fruits that are clustered together. Each small fruit in the cluster originates from a single ovary of the flower.
An example of an aggregate fruit is a raspberry or a blackberry, where the clustered small fruits can easily be observed.
Question 23 Report
One main feature of trees in the savanna habitat is the possession of
Answer Details
Trees in the savanna habitat have a typical characteristic that helps them survive in the unique conditions of this environment. One of the main features is the possession of thick, corky bark. Savannas often experience seasonal fires during the dry season. A thick, corky bark acts as a protective shield, insulating the tree from the intense heat and preventing damage to the vital inner tissues. This adaptation also helps minimize water loss by reducing evaporation, which is crucial in the savanna's typically dry conditions. Thus, the feature of thick, corky bark is essential for the survival and resilience of trees in the savanna.
Question 24 Report
Use the diagram above to answer the questions that follow
The part labelled I is
Answer Details
The part labelled I in the diagram is the oviduct.
To understand why it is the oviduct, let's first understand what an oviduct is. The oviduct, also known as the fallopian tube, is a tube-like structure that connects the ovary to the uterus in female mammals. Its main function is to transport eggs from the ovaries towards the uterus. Fertilization of the egg by sperm typically occurs within the oviduct.
Now, let's look at the structure of the other options:
Placenta: The placenta is an organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy. It provides oxygen and nutrients to the growing baby and removes waste products from the baby's blood.
Amnion: The amnion is a thin membrane that forms a protective sac filled with amniotic fluid around the developing embryo or fetus.
Uterus: The uterus is a muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and grows into a fetus during pregnancy.
Based on the description and location given by the diagram, part I is most consistent with the oviduct, as it is likely representing the tube-like structure leading from the ovary to the uterus.
Question 25 Report
The formation of cilia and flagella in living cells is carried out with the help of
Answer Details
The formation of cilia and flagella in living cells is primarily carried out with the help of centrioles.
In eukaryotic cells, cilia and flagella are long, hair-like structures that extend from the surface of the cell and are responsible for movement. They are made up of microtubules, which are protein structures. The base of a cilium or a flagellum is anchored to a cell by a structure called the basal body.
The basal body is very similar in structure to a centriole. Centrioles are cylinder-shaped organelles found in animal cells and are composed of microtubule triplets. When a cell is ready to produce cilia or flagella, the centrioles migrate to the surface of the cell and become basal bodies by aiding in the assembly and organization of these microtubules.
Therefore, the role of centrioles is crucial because they act as the organizing centers for the microtubule structures that comprise cilia and flagella. Without centrioles, a cell would not be able to form these important structures.
Question 26 Report
Use the diagram above to answer the question that follows
The organelle that shows the organism has plant characteristics is
Answer Details
The organelle that indicates the organism has plant characteristics is the chloroplast. Chloroplasts are essential because they contain chlorophyll, the green pigment crucial for photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in glucose, a type of sugar. This capability to conduct photosynthesis is a key characteristic that differentiates plants from animal cells.
Moreover, plant cells are generally characterized by having an additional cell structure which is the cell wall. The cell wall provides structural support and protection. However, in the context of identifying plant characteristics primarily through organelles, the chloroplast is the distinctive feature.
Question 27 Report
Which of the following plants shows hypogeal germination?
Answer Details
To understand which plants exhibit hypogeal germination, we first need to comprehend what hypogeal germination is. In hypogeal germination, the cotyledons remain below the soil surface after the seed germinates. This occurs because the seedling's epicotyl (the part of the seedling above the cotyledons) elongates, pushing the shoot tip above the ground while the cotyledons stay buried, often serving their purpose as energy reserves.
Let's examine the given options:
From the options provided, both Groundnut and Maize exhibit hypogeal germination. While Groundnut's germination involves the cotyledons staying underground, Maize's germination follows a similar principle with its own adaptations.
Question 28 Report
The depressed side of paramecium which is lined with cilia leads to a tube-like structure called
Answer Details
The depressed side of a paramecium that is lined with cilia leads to a tube-like structure called the buccal cavity, also known as the gullet.
Question 29 Report
One of the components of xylem tissue is
Answer Details
One of the components of xylem tissue is the tracheid.
Let me explain this in simple terms:
The xylem is a type of plant tissue that is crucial for transporting water and nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant. It plays a key role in plant hydration and nutrition.
Tracheids are long, tubular cells found within the xylem tissue. Their primary function is to help in the transport of water and minerals. Tracheids have thick walls and are dead at maturity, meaning they are hollow and create a continuous network for water flow. This structural arrangement also helps support the plant, providing rigidity and strength.
So, in summary, tracheids are an essential component of xylem tissue because they facilitate the movement of water and provide mechanical support.
Question 30 Report
Answer Details
The first organisms on Earth are widely believed to have evolved from aquatic habitats. This conclusion is based on several scientific observations and theories.
1. **Early Earth Conditions:** When Earth was still a young planet, conditions were harsh, with a very hot climate and volcanic activity. During this time, the planet's surface was largely covered by oceans which provided a stable environment where simple life forms could potentially thrive. The presence of water is essential because it acts as a medium for chemical reactions and life-supporting processes.
2. **Chemistry of Life:** Water is a solvent that facilitates the necessary chemical reactions required for life. In aquatic environments, organic molecules could dissolve in water, leading to complex chemical reactions, leading to the formation of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which are building blocks of life.
3. **Abiogenesis and the "Primordial Soup" Theory:** One theory of how life began is called the "primordial soup" theory, which suggests that life originated through chemical reactions in the ocean. This soup-like mixture of organic compounds provided the ideal conditions for the first living organisms to form.
4. **Evidence from Fossils:** The oldest known fossils are those of simple microorganisms such as bacteria. These fossils have been found in ancient sedimentary rocks, which were formed in water.
In summary, while there are different types of habitats available on Earth now, the initial conditions billions of years ago favored the formation of life in an aquatic environment. Therefore, it is widely accepted that the earliest life forms evolved in the aquatic habitat.
Question 31 Report
The cell organelle responsible for the synthesis of protein is the
Answer Details
The cell organelle responsible for the synthesis of protein is the ribosome.
To put it simply, ribosomes are like tiny factories within the cell. They read the genetic instructions carried by messenger RNA (mRNA) and use these instructions to assemble amino acids into proteins, which are essential molecules for various cell functions.
Here's how it works in a straightforward manner:
In summary, the ribosome is an essential organelle for protein synthesis, which is crucial for the cell's structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.
Question 32 Report
In glycolysis, glucose is broken down through series of reactions in the presence of enzyme and absence of oxygen to produce
Answer Details
Glycolysis is a biochemical process through which glucose, a six-carbon sugar, is broken down into two molecules of a three-carbon compound called **pyruvic acid** or **pyruvate**. This process occurs in the **absence of oxygen** and is also referred to as anaerobic respiration. During glycolysis, energy stored in glucose is released, and a net gain of **two molecules of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)** is produced, which serves as a direct energy source for cellular activities.
Here is a brief explanation of the main steps involved in glycolysis:
In summary, during glycolysis in the absence of oxygen, glucose is transformed into **pyruvic acid and a net gain of ATP molecules**, making the answer **pyruvic acid + ATP**.
Question 33 Report
Bile is a greenish alkaline liquid which is stored in the
Answer Details
Bile is a greenish alkaline liquid that plays a crucial role in the digestion of fats. It is produced by the liver and contains bile acids, which are essential for emulsifying fats, making them easier for enzymes to break down. Once bile is produced by the liver, it is not immediately released into the digestive tract. Instead, it is stored and concentrated in the **gall bladder**. The gall bladder is a small, pouch-like organ located just beneath the liver. It stores bile until it is needed, typically after eating, when it is then released into the small intestine to aid in digestion.
Question 34 Report
Which of the following factors can lead to overcrowding?
Answer Details
To understand overcrowding, we need to consider factors that increase or decrease a population within a certain area.
High natality refers to a high birth rate. When more individuals are born in an area than those leaving it, the population will naturally increase, potentially leading to overcrowding as the area becomes inhabited by more individuals than it can comfortably support. This is because more births without corresponding departures or deaths means more people vying for the same resources.
Emigration is the process of individuals moving out of a given area to live elsewhere. This movement decreases the population of an area, which would typically help prevent overcrowding rather than cause it. Hence, emigration does not lead to overcrowding.
Competition involves individuals or species competing for limited resources such as food, water, or territory. While it does not directly cause overcrowding, high population density due to overcrowding can intensify competition since more individuals fight for the same scarce resources. Thus, competition is more of a consequence rather than a direct cause of overcrowding.
High mortality means a high death rate. This reduces the number of individuals in a population, which works against overcrowding. With more individuals dying, the population decreases or stabilizes, alleviating pressures that lead to overcrowding.
In summary, among the listed factors, high natality is the most significant contributor to overcrowding as it directly increases population size when not matched by increased emigration or mortality.
Question 35 Report
The part of the flower that develops into seed is
Answer Details
In the process of flowering and reproduction in plants, the part of the flower that develops into a seed is the ovule. Let me explain this in a simple manner:
Flowers are the reproductive structures of flowering plants. They consist of various parts, each with a specific role in reproduction.
Therefore, the correct answer is the ovule, as it is the part that transforms into a seed after fertilization.
Question 36 Report
Bilateral symmetry,cylindrical bodies and double openings are characteristic features of
Answer Details
The features you mentioned, namely bilateral symmetry, cylindrical bodies, and double openings, are characteristic of nematodes.
Let's break it down further:
In contrast:
Therefore, based on these descriptions, nematodes clearly align with the features of bilateral symmetry, cylindrical bodies, and double openings.
Question 37 Report
The causative agent of tuberculosis is
Answer Details
Tuberculosis, often abbreviated as TB, is a disease that primarily affects the lungs, although it can spread to other parts of the body. The **causative agent** of tuberculosis is a specific type of **bacteria** known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
To understand this better, let's break it down:
When someone with active tuberculosis coughs, sneezes, or even speaks, the bacteria can be spread through the air and inhaled by others, leading to new infections. This is why tuberculosis is described as a **contagious** disease.
Understanding that tuberculosis is caused by **bacteria** is crucial for its treatment and prevention. Antibiotics, which are medicines that specifically target bacterial infections, are used to treat and control the spread of tuberculosis.
In summary, it's important to recognize that tuberculosis is caused by a specific type of bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which explains why antibiotics can be effective in its treatment.
Question 38 Report
Mouth part adapted for piercing and sucking is found in
Answer Details
The mouth parts adapted for piercing and sucking are found in the mosquito. Mosquitoes have specialized mouthparts known as a proboscis, which is designed to pierce the skin of their hosts and suck blood. This proboscis consists of a long, slender, and flexible tube that can penetrate the skin. Inside the proboscis are several delicate structures that help to hold the host's skin and locate blood vessels, allowing the mosquito to efficiently feed on blood.
In contrast, insects like the housefly have sponge-like mouthparts for lapping up liquids, the grasshopper has chewing mouthparts adapted for eating plants, and the cockroach also has chewing mouthparts suitable for a wide range of foods.
Question 39 Report
?
Use the diagram above to answer the question that follows
The diagram above is
Answer Details
The circulatory system is a network of blood vessels, the heart, and blood that moves throughout the body. The circulatory system's main function is to transport nutrients, oxygen, and hormones to the body's cells, and remove waste products.
The reproductive system is a collection of organs in both males and females that work together to produce offspring, primarily consisting of the gonads (ovaries in females, testes in males) which create sex cells (eggs and sperm), and accessory organs that transport and nurture these cells to facilitate fertilization and potential pregnancy.
The nervous system is a complex network of nerves and nerve cells (neurons) that control bodily functions by sending signals between the brain and the rest of the body, allowing us to move, think, feel, and regulate internal processes; it consists of two main parts: the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system
The urinary system helps the body maintain balance by removing waste products like urea, extra salt, and extra water. Urea is a waste product created when the body breaks down protein from foods like meat, poultry, and some vegetables. Its function is to remove waste from the body through urine bladder, urethra, kidneys and ureters.
Parts of the urinary system
Question 40 Report
Answer Details
The main excretory products of plants during metabolism are carbon dioxide, excess water, and nitrogenous compounds.
Plants produce carbon dioxide as a metabolic waste product during respiration, while oxygen is a metabolic waste product from photosynthesis. Excretion of gaseous waste in plants takes place through stomatal pores on leaves. Oxygen released during photosynthesis is used for respiration while carbon dioxide released during respiration is used for photosynthesis.
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