(a)(i) Name two landforms produced by faulting (ii) Describe the characteristic features of one of the landforms named in (a)(i) above (b) Highlight the imp...
Question 1 Report
(a)(i) Name two landforms produced by faulting
(ii) Describe the characteristic features of one of the landforms named in (a)(i) above
(b) Highlight the importance of mountains to man
Answer Details
(a)(i) Two landforms produced by faulting
- Block mountain (horst).
- Rift valley (graben).
(Other examples: fault scarp, tilted block.)
(a)(ii) Characteristic features of a rift valley
A rift valley is a long, narrow trough of land that has sunk (subsided) between two roughly parallel faults. Its features are:
- It has a flat, sunken floor bordered by steep, parallel fault scarps (walls) on both sides.
- It is long and narrow, running for great distances (e.g. the East African Rift Valley).
- The floor often contains long, narrow lakes (e.g. Lakes Tanganyika, Nakuru) and sometimes volcanic activity.
(Alternatively, a block mountain/horst is an upstanding block bounded by fault scarps, with a fairly flat or dome-shaped top and steep sides, e.g. the Ruwenzori.)
(b) Importance of mountains to man
- They cause relief rainfall and are sources of rivers used for water supply, irrigation and hydro-electric power.
- They contain mineral resources and forests that provide timber.
- Their cooler, healthier climate and scenery attract settlement, farming and tourism (hill resorts).
- They serve as natural boundaries and defence barriers between regions or countries.
- Highland pastures support grazing of animals.
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