Study the map extract on a scale of 1:50,000 and answer the following questions: (a) Calculate the distance "as the crow flies" from Agbeyangi to Marafa. (b...

(a) Distance from Agbeyangi to Marafa "as the crow flies"

Join the two places with a straight line and measure it on the map. The straight-line distance measures 20.6 cm. On a scale of 1:50,000, 1 cm represents 50,000 cm on the ground, so

\[ \text{Actual distance} = \frac{20.6 \times 50{,}000}{100{,}000}\ \text{km} = 10.3\ \text{km}. \]

The distance from Agbeyangi to Marafa is 10.3 km.

(b) Drainage of the mapped area

• The area is well drained, being covered by a network of well-defined stream channels.
• The major river is the River Oshin, which flows in a north-easterly direction and has many tributaries.
• The general drainage pattern is dendritic.
• The central ridge is the main watershed from which many rivers take their source.
• The rivers are at an early (youthful) stage of development, shown by the V-shaped valleys and the dissected highlands produced by active downward cutting.
• The smaller ridge at the north-eastern corner has rivers radiating from it, while the rivers in the north-west flow northwards.

(c) Relationship between the relief and the road network

• The main road takes advantage of the lowland and runs between the two major ridges, avoiding the highland.
• The road keeps to the valley floors, running parallel to Igporin hill rather than climbing it.
• The secondary roads, minor roads and footpaths are built along the spurs.
• The roads avoid steep slopes and pass through gaps such as passes, cols and saddles where the gradient is gentle.

(d) Two land-use types

1. Agricultural land use, shown by areas of scattered cultivation.
2. Transportational land use, shown by the roads, paths and tracks (educational land use is also evident from the schools).