(a) State four reasons why transport is important to commerce. (b) Explain three advantages and three disadvantages of air transport.

(a) Four reasons why transport is important to commerce

1. Movement of goods: Transport carries goods from where they are produced to where they are needed, creating place utility.
2. Widens the market: By linking producers with distant consumers, transport enlarges the market for goods.
3. Encourages large-scale production: Ready means of distribution allow firms to produce in bulk for wide markets, lowering unit costs.
4. Movement of people and factors of production: It conveys workers, raw materials and machinery to places of production, aiding industry and trade.

(b) Three advantages of air transport

1. Speed: It is the fastest means of transport, ideal for perishable and urgent goods over long distances.
2. Reaches remote areas: Aircraft can reach places not served by road, rail or water, and cross natural barriers easily.
3. Reduced handling and quicker delivery: Fast transit lowers deterioration, warehousing needs and the risk of damage in transit.

Three disadvantages of air transport

1. Very expensive: Fares and freight charges are the highest of all the modes of transport.
2. Limited carrying capacity: Aircraft cannot carry very heavy or bulky goods economically.
3. Affected by weather and needs airports: Bad weather can ground flights, and services are confined to areas with airports and terminal facilities.