The diagram shows an investigation at a quarry in the Kirthar Range, where limestone is crushed for cement. Dust-control sprays and stepped quarry faces hav...
Question 1 Report
The diagram shows an investigation at a quarry in the Kirthar Range, where limestone is crushed for cement. Dust-control sprays and stepped quarry faces have been proposed after residents raised concerns. Cement is important for roads, dams and housing across Pakistan, but extraction changes the local landscape.
(a) Name the rock labelled X. [1]
(b) Describe one use of the product made from this rock. [1]
(c) Explain two reasons why quarry faces are cut into benches. [2]
(d) Analyse two ways the operator could reduce environmental damage. [2]
Answer Details
(a) Limestone [1] (b) Making cement / construction material for buildings, roads or dams [1] (c) Any two: benches reduce the height of unsupported rock faces [1]; they reduce risk of rockfall/landslide [1]; they provide safer access for machinery and workers [1]; they allow staged extraction [1]. [2] (d) Any two: use water sprays or filters to reduce dust [1]; restore slopes with soil and native vegetation [1]; limit blasting times/noise near settlements [1]; manage runoff to prevent sediment entering streams [1]; monitor and protect groundwater [1]. [2]
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