Fig. 1 is a planning map for an inland freight corridor linking industrial estates near Lahore with a proposed rail freight terminal and Karachi Port. Envir...
Question 1 Report
Fig. 1 is a planning map for an inland freight corridor linking industrial estates near Lahore with a proposed rail freight terminal and Karachi Port. Environmental groups support less lorry traffic but question whether the project will benefit all regions equally. Use the figure and your knowledge of Pakistan's transport development.
(a) Identify the transport mode that could replace some long-distance lorry journeys. [1]
(b) Describe one environmental advantage of moving freight by rail rather than many separate lorries. [1]
(c) Explain three economic reasons why industry may locate close to a freight terminal. [3]
(d) Analyse five factors that could limit the success of this corridor in promoting balanced national development. [5]
Answer Details
(a) Rail / freight train. [1] (b) Rail can move a large load with lower fuel use and emissions per tonne than many lorries. [1] (c) Any three: lower cost of moving imported inputs and exports [1]; quicker and more reliable access to Karachi Port and global markets [1]; availability of warehouses, repairs and logistics firms [1]; reduced delays from transferring cargo between road and rail [1]. (d) Any five: high construction and maintenance costs may limit completion [1]; poor rail capacity, old track or unreliable schedules can reduce use [1]; security risks can disrupt freight movement [1]; areas far from the corridor may receive little investment [1]; businesses may continue using cheaper or more flexible road transport [1]; land acquisition may displace people or delay construction [1]; unequal access to skills, finance and digital systems limits benefits for smaller firms [1]; port congestion or customs delays can still slow exports [1].
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