The diagram shows a forest management block in Swat, where a community cooperative records selective logging and new planting. A steep stream drains the sit...
Question 1 Report
The diagram shows a forest management block in Swat, where a community cooperative records selective logging and new planting. A steep stream drains the site toward farms downstream. The forest is a valuable natural resource, yet the cooperative must balance timber trade with slope stability, biodiversity and long-term development.
(a) Name the tree group labelled X. [1]
(b) Describe one way in which tree roots affect the slope. [1]
(c) Analyse two economic uses of this forest resource. [2]
(d) Explain two reasons why controlled cutting is preferable to clear-felling. [2]
Answer Details
(a) Coniferous forest/conifers [1] (b) Roots bind/anchor soil and reduce the chance of erosion or landslides [1] (c) Any two: timber provides building material and industrial raw material [1]; fuelwood supports local households [1]; forestry creates jobs and income [1]; tourism/recreation can generate revenue [1]. [2] (d) Any two: retains root systems that stabilise slopes [1]; reduces runoff, erosion and downstream sedimentation [1]; allows natural regeneration/maintains future timber supply [1]; protects habitats and biodiversity [1]. [2]
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