A materials laboratory melts a pure solid used to make reusable hand warmers. Fig. 1 shows a graph of temperature against energy supplied. At section B, the...
Question 1 Report
A materials laboratory melts a pure solid used to make reusable hand warmers. Fig. 1 shows a graph of temperature against energy supplied. At section B, the material is at its melting temperature. The mass of solid is unchanged throughout the test and the heater supplies energy at a constant rate.
(a) Which section shows the material melting? [1]
(b) What happens to the temperature during section B? [1]
(c) Explain what happens to the energy supplied in section B. [2]
(d) Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in section C. [3]
Answer Details
- The material melts in section B, the flat part of the graph. [1]
- During section B, its temperature remains constant. [1]
- The supplied energy is used to overcome forces of attraction between particles. This separates them and changes the solid to a liquid, rather than increasing their kinetic energy and temperature. [2]
- In section C the material is liquid: particles are close together, arranged randomly rather than in a fixed regular lattice, and they move or slide past each other. [3]
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