A satellite carries an instrument that measures radiation from a distant star. Fig. 1 shows shielding around the instrument and a detector box. The satellit...
Question 1 Report
A satellite carries an instrument that measures radiation from a distant star. Fig. 1 shows shielding around the instrument and a detector box. The satellite is above most of Earth’s air, so it receives radiation that would be absorbed at ground level.
(a) Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency: radio waves, visible light or gamma radiation? [1]
(b) What is meant by ionising radiation? [1]
(c) Describe one hazard to electronic circuits caused by high-energy radiation. [1]
(d) Explain why the detector box needs shielding. [2]
(e) Give one reason why a satellite is useful for this observation. [1]
Answer Details
- (a) Of radio waves, visible light and gamma radiation, gamma radiation has the highest frequency. [1]
- (b) Ionising radiation removes electrons from atoms, forming ions. [1]
- (c) High-energy radiation can damage electronic components, alter stored data, or cause circuit faults. [1]
- (d) Shielding reduces the radiation reaching sensitive electronics. This reduces damage and false readings. [2]
- (e) A satellite is useful because there is little or no atmosphere above it to absorb the radiation. [1]
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