Highlight the functions of the President in the 1979 Constitution of Nigeria.

Answer Details

The 1979 Constitution of Nigeria introduced the American-style presidential system, in which the President was both Head of State and Head of Government (chief executive). His functions included the following.

1. Head of State and Head of Government: He was the symbol of national unity and at the same time the effective chief executive who directed the affairs of government.
2. Execution of laws and policies: He was responsible for implementing and enforcing the laws made by the National Assembly and for formulating and executing government policies.
3. Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces: He controlled and directed the armed forces and was responsible for the defence and security of the nation.
4. Appointment of principal officers: He appointed ministers, ambassadors, judges and other top public officers, subject to confirmation by the Senate where required.
5. Conduct of foreign affairs: He directed the country's foreign policy, received and appointed envoys, and negotiated and signed treaties.
6. Assent to bills: He signed bills passed by the National Assembly into law, and could withhold assent (veto), which the Assembly could override by a two-thirds majority.
7. Preparation of the national budget: He prepared and laid the annual budget (Appropriation Bill) before the National Assembly for approval.
8. Prerogative of mercy: He could grant pardon, reprieve or commute the sentence of convicted persons.