(a) State four ways in which weeds are beneficial to the farmer. [4 marks] (b) Classify insect-pests in three groups based on their mode of feeding and give...
Question 1 Report
(a) State four ways in which weeds are beneficial to the farmer. [4 marks]
(b) Classify insect-pests in three groups based on their mode of feeding and give two examples of each [9 marks]
(c) State three ways by which pasture can be made available to cattle. [3 marks]
Answer Details
(a) Four ways weeds are beneficial to the farmer
- They protect the soil surface from erosion and reduce the impact of rain drops.
- When ploughed under (as green manure) they add organic matter and nutrients to the soil.
- Some weeds are legumes that fix nitrogen and improve soil fertility.
- They serve as fodder/feed for livestock and some are used as medicinal herbs and vegetables (they also serve as cover crops that conserve soil moisture).
(b) Classification of insect-pests by mode of feeding
| Group (mode of feeding) | Two examples |
|---|---|
| Biting and chewing insects | Grasshopper; termite (army worm, beetle) |
| Piercing and sucking insects | Aphid; cotton stainer (capsid, mealy bug) |
| Boring insects | Maize stem borer; weevil (yam beetle) |
(c) Three ways pasture can be made available to cattle
- By allowing the animals to graze freely on natural or established grassland (grazing).
- By cutting the grass/forage and carrying it to feed the animals (cut-and-carry / soilage/zero grazing).
- By conserving forage as hay or silage and feeding it during the dry season when fresh pasture is scarce.
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