(a) Definition of constituted authority. (b) Advantages of constituted authority.

(a) Definition of constituted authority

Constituted authority is a body, institution or person that has been given the legal and legitimate right or power to make decisions, give orders, enforce rules and control the affairs of a group, community or nation. Such authority is established according to law, tradition or acceptable procedure, and those under it are expected to obey. Examples include the government, the police, the courts, traditional rulers, parents, teachers and religious leaders.

(b) Advantages of constituted authority

1. Maintenance of law and order: It makes and enforces laws that keep peace and prevent lawlessness and chaos in the society.
2. Protection of life and property: Through its agencies (such as the police and the courts) it protects citizens and their possessions from harm and injustice.
3. Settlement of disputes: It provides recognised channels, such as courts and traditional councils, for resolving quarrels and conflicts peacefully.
4. Provision of social amenities and services: It provides roads, schools, hospitals, water, electricity and other services that improve the welfare of the people.
5. Promotion of unity and cooperation: It brings people together under common rules and a common leadership, thereby fostering order, cooperation and national integration.
6. Ensuring justice and fairness: It guarantees that people's rights are protected and that offenders are punished according to law, thereby promoting equity.
7. Direction and control of the society: It gives leadership, direction and control so that the affairs of the community are properly organised and goals are achieved.
8. Punishment of offenders and deterrence of crime: By punishing wrongdoers it discourages crime and encourages good conduct among citizens.