JAMB UTME - History - 2021

The Igbo's active resistance to British colonial rule is particaularly because of the

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The Nigeria colonial economy majorly depended on the exportation of _______

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Regionalism was undisputably acknowledged and accredited to _________

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Which of these is not an achievement under the colonial rule?

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It is difficult to definitively say that "none" of these options is not an achievement under colonial rule, as each could be considered an achievement in certain respects. However, if we consider the impact of colonial rule on Nigeria as a whole, one could argue that the creation of political regions is not necessarily an achievement. While the creation of political regions did establish a more organized and efficient system of governance, it also perpetuated divisions between different ethnic and cultural groups within Nigeria. This ultimately contributed to conflicts and tensions that have persisted long after the end of colonial rule. On the other hand, the creation of the Nigerian Council and the issuance of proclamations were both significant achievements under colonial rule. The Nigerian Council represented a step towards self-government and greater autonomy for Nigeria, while proclamations helped to establish legal frameworks and regulations that would ultimately shape the country's political, economic, and social systems.

Who among the following never created a state?

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The last ruler of the Oguso dynasty in the Benin Empire was

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The last ruler of the Ogiso dynasty in the Benin Empire was Oba Owodo. The Ogiso dynasty ruled the Benin Empire before the Obas. According to Benin tradition, the Ogiso dynasty ended when the last Ogiso, Ogiso Owodo, was overthrown by his own chiefs, who then invited Prince Oranmiyan of Ife to rule as the first Oba of Benin. This event is said to have occurred around the 12th or 13th century. Therefore, Chief Oba Eweka, Oba Oromiyan, and Oba Eware were all Obas of Benin who came after the Ogiso dynasty.

The most important conquest of Umar was that they establish the __________

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Nigeria was then a conglomerations of _________

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Nigeria is a country with a diverse population, made up of many different ethnic groups. Prior to the amalgamation of Nigeria in 1914, the area now known as Nigeria was made up of various distinct and independent kingdoms and societies, each with its own unique culture, language, and way of life. These different kingdoms and societies were made up of various peoples and ethnic groups, such as the Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa, Fulani, and many others. Each of these groups had its own history, traditions, and customs, and they often interacted with each other through trade, migration, and warfare. So, to answer the question, Nigeria was a conglomerations of peoples and ethnic groups before the amalgamation in 1914.

Which of the following is incorrect.?

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The Biafra civil war was between

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Which administration favoured decoloniation as self-determination of African states.

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The administration that favored decolonization as self-determination of African states was the Murtala/Obasanjo regime. This administration was in power in Nigeria from 1975 to 1979. General Murtala Mohammed was the military head of state, and General Olusegun Obasanjo was his deputy. The Murtala/Obasanjo regime was known for its Pan-Africanism and commitment to the liberation of other African countries from colonial rule. The administration strongly supported the movements for independence and self-determination in southern Africa, particularly in Angola, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe. The regime also took a leading role in pushing for the end of apartheid in South Africa. The Murtala/Obasanjo regime was instrumental in establishing the Frontline States, a group of southern African countries that were committed to the liberation of the region from colonial rule. The regime provided military and financial support to the liberation movements in these countries, and also hosted meetings and conferences to coordinate their efforts. In summary, the Murtala/Obasanjo regime favored decolonization as self-determination of African states, and actively worked towards the liberation of other African countries from colonial rule.

who was the greatest ruler in the Kanem Borno empire?

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Mai Dunama Dibbalemi was considered the greatest ruler in the Kanem Borno Empire. He ruled the empire from 1221 to 1259 CE and during his reign, he expanded the empire's territory, strengthened its military, and oversaw a period of cultural and economic growth. Dunama Dibbalemi was known for his military prowess and strategic alliances, which allowed him to conquer neighboring territories and extend the empire's reach. He also established a new capital city, Njimi, which became the center of political and cultural life in the empire. Under his leadership, the Kanem Borno Empire became one of the largest and most powerful states in West Africa. In addition to his military and political accomplishments, Dunama Dibbalemi was also known for his support of learning and scholarship. He invited scholars and intellectuals from throughout the Islamic world to his court, and he sponsored the translation and study of classical texts in fields such as astronomy, mathematics, and medicine. This patronage of learning helped to make the Kanem Borno Empire a center of intellectual and cultural exchange in the region. Overall, Dunama Dibbalemi is considered the greatest ruler in the Kanem Borno Empire due to his many achievements in expanding the empire's territory, strengthening its military, and promoting learning and scholarship.

The quest for self government was a motion proposed by ______ in ______

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The motion for self-government was proposed by Anthony Enahoro in 1953. Enahoro was a Nigerian politician who was part of the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC) political party. He moved the motion for self-government in the Nigerian House of Representatives, which called for Nigeria to be granted self-rule in a period of no more than five years. The motion was seconded by several other members of the House of Representatives and sparked a national conversation about Nigerian independence, ultimately leading to Nigeria gaining independence from Britain in 1960.

The office of the prime minsiter was first created by the

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The formation of the first 12 states in Nigeria took place in the year?

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The formation of the first 12 states in Nigeria took place in the year 1967. Before 1967, Nigeria was divided into three regions: Northern, Eastern, and Western regions. Each region was made up of several provinces, and these provinces were further divided into districts. However, in May 1967, the then military Head of State, General Yakubu Gowon, announced the creation of 12 states in Nigeria, which replaced the previous regional structure. The new states were designed to reflect Nigeria's diverse ethnic, cultural, and linguistic groups and promote national unity. The 12 states were: Lagos, Western State, Mid-Western State, Eastern State, Benue-Plateau State, North-Eastern State, Kwara State, Kano State, North-Western State, Cross River State, Rivers State, and South-Eastern State (later renamed to Anambra State). The creation of these states was not without controversy, as some ethnic groups felt they were not adequately represented in the new state boundaries. Nevertheless, the move was seen as an important step towards addressing Nigeria's diverse and complex sociopolitical landscape. In summary, the formation of the first 12 states in Nigeria took place in 1967, replacing the previous regional structure and reflecting Nigeria's diverse ethnic, cultural, and linguistic groups.

The leader of the South African's black consciousness movement (Steve Biko) died in _________

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The leader of the South African's black consciousness movement, Steve Biko, died in 1977. Steve Biko was a prominent anti-apartheid activist and a leading figure in the black consciousness movement in South Africa. He worked tirelessly to fight against the oppressive apartheid system, which discriminated against black people in South Africa. In 1977, Biko was arrested by the South African authorities and was severely beaten during his detention. He suffered a head injury and was denied medical treatment, which resulted in his death. Therefore, the correct answer is 1977.

Lyttleton significance in the political development of Nigeria was that, he ______

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All the following are reasons for military intervention in Nigeria except

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The reason that does not fit as a reason for military intervention in Nigeria is "regular promotion of military officers." Military intervention usually occurs when there is a perceived threat to the stability of the country, such as political instability, social unrest, or economic crisis. It is not typically a result of the routine promotions of military officers.

At Independence, which of the following national resources is the main stay of the Nigerian economy.?

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The Omani Empire vyed with ..... and ...... for trade

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The Omani Empire vied with Portugal and Britain for trade. This means that Oman was in competition with both Portugal and Britain to control and benefit from the trade that took place in the region. The Portuguese and British were major naval powers in the Indian Ocean, and they were also involved in the spice trade that was important to Oman's economy. The Omani Empire competed with these two powers to maintain their control over the trade routes and to protect their own commercial interests. This competition was a significant factor in the history of Oman and the broader region, as it influenced the development of the Omani Empire and the larger geopolitical landscape of the Indian Ocean.

The Mahdiyya movement was fundamental because __________

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After the death of Said bin Sultan, the empire was divided in what year and they practised what type of governmnent?

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The Sultanate of Oman was divided in 1856 after the death of Said bin Sultan and was ruled by a monarchical system of government. This means that the country was ruled by a king or a sultan, who had complete control over the government and was considered the highest authority in the land. The monarch had the power to make laws, appoint officials, and govern the country according to his own wishes. The monarchical system of government in Oman has been in place since that time and continues to this day.

The last colonial governor general of Nigeria was_____________

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The last colonial governor general of Nigeria was James Robertson. He served as the governor general from 1960 to October 1, 1960 when Nigeria gained independence from British colonial rule. Governor generals were the representatives of the British monarch in the colonies and were responsible for overseeing the administration and governance of the colony. James Robertson was the last person to hold this position in Nigeria before the country became an independent nation.

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The system of government in the Benin pre-colonial era was a monarchy. The kingdom of Benin, located in what is now southern Nigeria, was ruled by an Oba or king who held absolute power over the kingdom. The king was considered a divine ruler and was believed to have been appointed by the gods. The king's power was maintained through a complex system of officials and councils, including a council of chiefs and a council of elders. These officials served as advisors to the king and helped to administer the kingdom's affairs. The monarchy was the dominant political system in Benin until it was replaced by a colonial system of government under British rule in the late 19th century.

The first sets of imperialist who attempted to colonize Ethiopia were?

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The first sets of imperialists who attempted to colonize Ethiopia were Italy and Egypt. In the late 19th century, both countries sought to expand their colonial empires in Africa, and Ethiopia was one of the few African countries that had managed to maintain its independence. In 1895, Italy launched an invasion of Ethiopia, seeking to establish a colony there. The Ethiopian army, under the leadership of Emperor Menelik II, fought back and defeated the Italian army in the Battle of Adwa in 1896. Later, in 1935, Italy, under the rule of Benito Mussolini, launched another invasion of Ethiopia, which they succeeded in occupying for a few years before being defeated by the Allied powers during World War II. Egypt also attempted to colonize Ethiopia in the late 19th century, but their efforts were unsuccessful.

The founder of the MAHDIA (MAHDIYA) MOVEMENT is?

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The founder of the Mahdia Movement is Muhammed Ahmad, also known as the "Mahdi." The Mahdia Movement was a religious and political uprising in the late 19th century in the Sudan region of Africa. Muhammed Ahmad claimed to be the "Mahdi," a prophesied figure in Islam who would bring about a just and righteous rule before the end of the world. He led a rebellion against the Ottoman Empire and the Egyptians, who were ruling over the Sudan at the time. His followers, known as the Ansar, were successful in establishing a theocratic state in the Sudan, with Muhammed Ahmad as its leader. The Mahdia Movement had a significant impact on the history of the Sudan and the wider Islamic world.

Educated elites did not like the system of indirect rule in Nigeria because it

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The system the colonialists introduced in Nigeria to administer their function was regarded as?

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The colonial system introduced by the colonialists in Nigeria was known as "Indirect Rule". Indirect rule was a system where the colonial government relied on local leaders, such as traditional chiefs, to govern and administer the local population on their behalf. The colonial authorities would provide these local leaders with guidelines and directives, and they would then implement these policies in their own communities. This allowed the colonial government to exert control over the colony with a relatively small number of colonial administrators. The aim of indirect rule was to maintain control over the colony while minimizing the costs of administration and minimizing resistance to colonial rule. This system was seen as a more efficient and cost-effective way to govern the colony than direct rule, where colonial administrators would directly govern the population.

Imperialism was adopted by Europeans to

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The Economic Commision of West African States (ECOWAS) has its adminsitrative headquarter in ______

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The administrative headquarters of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is located in Abuja, which is the capital city of Nigeria. ECOWAS is a regional intergovernmental organization that was established to promote economic cooperation and integration among the 15 countries in West Africa. The headquarters in Abuja serves as the central administrative hub for ECOWAS, where important decisions and policies are formulated and implemented. The location of the headquarters in Nigeria was a result of a decision made by the founding fathers of ECOWAS, who recognized Nigeria's leadership and influence in the region.

Which of the following formalized colonial penetration into Africa?

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The Berlin Conference was the formalized colonial penetration into Africa. It was a meeting of European colonial powers held in Berlin, Germany in 1884-1885. During the conference, the European nations divided up Africa among themselves, with little regard for the existing ethnic and cultural borders of the African nations. The conference marked the beginning of the "Scramble for Africa," as European powers rushed to claim as much of the continent as possible for themselves. The decisions made at the Berlin Conference had a profound and lasting impact on Africa, shaping its borders and political landscape for decades to come.

The division of Sokoto caliphates into emirates is due to ________

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The division of the Sokoto Caliphate into emirates was primarily due to geographical reasons. The Sokoto Caliphate was a vast empire that covered a large area of what is now Northern Nigeria, and it was ruled by an Islamic leader known as the Sultan. However, as the Caliphate expanded, it became increasingly difficult for the Sultan to effectively govern such a large territory from one centralized location. Therefore, the Sultanate was divided into smaller emirates, each with its own Emir who was responsible for administering the affairs of the local population in his domain. This helped to bring governance closer to the people, making it easier to provide for their needs and address their concerns. While the Sokoto Caliphate was established through a Jihad war led by Usman Dan Fodio, the division of the empire into emirates was not due to this war or the autocratic rule of Dan Fodio. Instead, it was a practical solution to the challenge of governing a large and diverse territory effectively.

At the bide of Benin, the ethnic group that occupied the interland include __________

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At the bight of Benin, the ethnic group that occupied the interland include the Edo, Yoruba, Urhobo. The Bight of Benin is a bay on the West African coast, and in the past, it was an important region for trade and commerce. The interland, or the interior part of the region, was inhabited by various ethnic groups, including the Edo, Yoruba, and Urhobo. The Edo people are the largest ethnic group in the region and they are the indigenous people of the Benin Kingdom, which was a pre-colonial African state located in what is now southern Nigeria. The Yoruba people are also a large ethnic group in the region and they are known for their rich cultural heritage, including art, music, and religion. The Urhobo people are a smaller ethnic group, but they also have a rich cultural heritage and have made significant contributions to the development of the region. These three ethnic groups, the Edo, Yoruba, and Urhobo, were among the groups that occupied the interland at the bight of Benin, and they continue to play important roles in the region to this day.

All of these except one are the motives of the Britain for colonizing Africa during the imperialism?

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The motives of Britain for colonizing Africa during imperialism were political and military interest, economic interest, and humanitarian and religious goals. 1. Political and military interest: Britain wanted to expand its territory and gain strategic advantages over its rivals. They established colonies to serve as military bases, which allowed them to control important shipping routes and ports. Additionally, colonizing Africa gave Britain access to resources and raw materials that were essential for its industrial growth. 2. Economic interest: Britain was interested in the vast resources of Africa such as gold, diamonds, and other valuable minerals. They exploited the natural resources of Africa, exporting them to Britain and other countries. British colonies also provided a market for British manufactured goods, which fueled Britain's economic growth. 3. Humanitarian and religious goal: There were British citizens who believed that it was their moral and religious duty to bring civilization and Christianity to the people of Africa. Some British colonizers believed that they were helping to end slavery and bring about social and economic development in Africa. However, these humanitarian and religious goals were often used to justify the exploitation and oppression of African people. Social interest is not a motive for British colonization of Africa. While some British colonizers may have believed they were bringing social benefits to Africa, such as modern technology or education, these were not the primary motives for British colonization.

Sierra Leone owes its name to the 15th century

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Sierra Leone's name can be traced back to the 15th century when Portuguese explorers arrived on its shores. The name "Sierra Leone" is derived from the Portuguese phrase "Serra Leoa," which means "Lion Mountains." The name refers to the mountainous area around the capital, Freetown, which is located on a peninsula surrounded by hills. The Portuguese used the name to refer to the region's mountains, which they believed resembled a lion's profile when viewed from a distance. The name stuck and was later adopted by other European powers that colonized the region, including the British, who established a colony there in the late 18th century. So, the answer is Portuguese.

The colonialist officially left Nigeria so as to enable her self government in__________

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The political party that controlled the federal Governmnet during the second republic in Nigeria was the

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The political party that controlled the federal government during the second republic in Nigeria was the National Party of Nigeria (NPN). The NPN was a Nigerian political party formed in 1978 and was in power from 1979 to 1983. The party was led by President Shehu Shagari who was elected as the president of Nigeria during the 1979 elections. During the second republic, the NPN was the dominant political party in Nigeria and controlled the federal government.

The first jihad in islam was launched in what year?

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The Ogiso dynasty in Benin failed due to ____

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The Ogiso dynasty in Benin failed due to a combination of factors, including economic disorder, weakness and dependence on rulers, and resentment against the system. During the Ogiso dynasty, which lasted from approximately 900 BC to 1170 AD, the rulers of Benin were regarded as divine and enjoyed significant power and wealth. However, over time, the economic system became increasingly disordered, and there were growing tensions between the rulers and the people. In addition, the rulers became increasingly weak and dependent on their subordinates, who often acted as de facto rulers. This weakened the overall authority of the Ogiso dynasty and made it more vulnerable to internal and external threats. Finally, there was growing resentment against the system, as many people felt that the rulers were abusing their power and failing to provide adequate protection and support for the people. This led to growing unrest and eventually contributed to the collapse of the Ogiso dynasty. Therefore, it was not just one factor but a combination of economic, political, and social factors that contributed to the failure of the Ogiso dynasty in Benin.

When the pattern of Assimilation failed, the french colonialist resolved to ________

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