JAMB UTME - Geography - 2021

Which of the following is not a factor that favours industrial concentration in Western Nigeria?

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Creativity of people in the area is not a factor that favours industrial concentration in Western Nigeria. Industrial concentration refers to the clustering of industries in a particular geographic location. There are several factors that can influence the concentration of industries in an area. In the case of Western Nigeria, three key factors that favour industrial concentration are the availability of raw materials, closeness to major importing and exporting ports, and a good road network. The availability of raw materials is a major factor that influences the location of industries. Industries require access to raw materials to produce goods and services, and if these raw materials are readily available in a particular area, it makes sense for industries to cluster there. Closeness to major importing and exporting ports is also an important factor that can influence industrial concentration. If industries are located close to major ports, they have easier access to the global market and can more easily import raw materials and export finished products. A good road network is also important for industrial concentration. If an area has good roads, it is easier for goods and services to be transported in and out of the area. This can help to reduce transportation costs and increase efficiency, which can be especially important for industries that rely on just-in-time manufacturing and delivery. Creativity of people in the area, while important in terms of innovation and entrepreneurship, is not a direct factor that influences industrial concentration. Other factors such as access to capital, labour force availability, and government policies may play a more important role in promoting industrial concentration. In summary, the availability of raw materials, closeness to major ports, and a good road network are important factors that favour industrial concentration in Western Nigeria. Creativity of people in the area, while important for innovation and entrepreneurship, is not a direct factor that influences industrial concentration.

Which of the following is a vegetation characteristics of the Tropical rainforest?

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What is the feature labelled K on the map is

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In the desert region the most prominent agent of erosion is

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In the desert region, the most prominent agent of erosion is wind. The wind in the desert can pick up sand and other loose materials and carry them across the landscape, which can cause erosion over time. As the wind blows across the desert, it can pick up loose sand and other sediments and transport them from one location to another. This process, known as "deflation," can cause the erosion of the desert surface over time. In addition, the wind can also cause abrasion, which occurs when sand particles are carried by the wind and collide with other surfaces, such as rocks or other sediments. This can wear away the surface of the rocks or other materials over time, leading to erosion. Overall, wind erosion is a very important process in the desert environment and plays a significant role in shaping the landscape over time.

Which statement is not true of the middle belt in Nigeria?

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The type of water left in the soil after excess water has been drained off, following heavy rainfall is known as

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The type of water left in the soil after excess water has been drained off following heavy rainfall is known as field capacity. Field capacity refers to the amount of water that the soil can hold after excess water has drained away and the soil particles have become saturated. This water is held in the soil by a combination of gravity and the attraction between water molecules and soil particles. In other words, field capacity is the point at which the soil is neither too wet nor too dry, and it is the maximum amount of water that can be stored in the soil and still be available for plants to use.

Which of the following zones is the least industrialized in Nigeria?

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The following are volcanic mountains except

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Monadnock of the USA is not a volcanic mountain. Volcanic mountains are formed when molten rock (magma) rises to the surface and erupts, building up layer upon layer of solidified rock and ash. Some examples of well-known volcanic mountains include Cotopaxi in Ecuador, Mount Fuji in Japan, and Mount Merapi in Sumatra. Monadnock, on the other hand, is a type of mountain called a monadnock or inselberg, which means "island mountain." These are isolated hills or mountains that rise abruptly from surrounding flat or gently sloping terrain and are often made of hard, resistant rock that has not been worn away by erosion. Monadnock is a monadnock and was formed through the uplift of a large mass of rock and the subsequent erosion of the surrounding land.

Which of the following is a problem of landlocked countries

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One of the following is not a problem involved in harnessing solar energy?

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The feature marked Y on the map is?

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These are landforms producing agent except

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Out of the given options, storms are not a landform producing agent. Landforms are natural features on the Earth's surface, such as mountains, valleys, and plains, that are created over long periods of time through the actions of various agents. These agents include natural forces such as water, wind, ice, and gravity. Waves, rivers, and glaciers are all agents that can shape the Earth's surface over time. Waves can erode coastlines and create features like sea cliffs and sea caves. Rivers can carve out valleys and canyons through erosion and transport sediment downstream. Glaciers can also erode and transport sediment, as well as create features such as moraines and U-shaped valleys. On the other hand, storms are not an agent that shapes the Earth's surface in a significant way. Storms are short-lived weather events that can cause erosion and deposition in some areas, but they are not powerful enough to create significant landforms on their own. However, storms can interact with other landforming agents like rivers and waves, exacerbating their effects and creating more dramatic changes to the landscape.

The part labelled X in the soil profile above is known as

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Which of the following is associated with savanna vegetation

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Which of the following processes leads to the loss of carbon from the air

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Which of the following is not caused by the earth's rotation?

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Seasonal changes are not caused by the earth's rotation. The earth's rotation is responsible for causing day and night, as the rotation of the earth on its axis causes the sun to appear to rise and set each day. It is also responsible for the deflection of winds and ocean currents. Seasonal changes, on the other hand, are caused by the tilt of the earth's axis as it revolves around the sun. The earth's axis is tilted at an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees, which causes different parts of the earth to receive different amounts of solar radiation as the earth orbits the sun. This results in the changes in temperature and weather patterns that we experience as the seasons. In summary, seasonal changes are not caused by the earth's rotation, but rather by the earth's tilt as it orbits the sun. The earth's rotation, however, does cause day and night and the deflection of winds and ocean currents.

__________ is a highland area which seperates the headstreams of rivers flowing in different directions but rising from the same mountainous source

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The term that fits the given definition is "watershed." A watershed is a highland area that separates the headwaters of rivers that flow in different directions but originate from the same mountainous source. Think of it as a dividing line that determines which direction rainwater will flow. Rain that falls on one side of the watershed will flow into one river, while rain that falls on the other side will flow into a different river. This separation is important because it affects the water quality and quantity of each river, and it can have significant impacts on the ecosystems that depend on those rivers.

The function performed by urban to the rural settlement in supply of

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Urban settlements often supply manufactured goods to rural settlements. Manufactured goods are products that are made using raw materials and processes that transform these materials into finished products. Urban areas often have a higher concentration of factories and industries that produce these manufactured goods, which are then supplied to rural areas. This allows rural residents to access products that they may not be able to produce themselves, such as electronics, household appliances, and other consumer goods. By supplying these goods, urban settlements play an important role in supporting the economic development of rural areas.

River regime is best described as the

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River regime is best described as the seasonal variation in the volume of water in a river. It refers to the pattern of the flow of water in a river over the course of a year, which is affected by changes in temperature, precipitation, and other factors. The river regime describes the variations in the discharge, or the amount of water flowing in the river, over time. This variation can be influenced by several factors, such as the amount and timing of rainfall, the amount of snowmelt, and the presence of dams or other structures that regulate the flow of the river. In some regions, rivers have a well-defined regime with distinct seasons of high and low water, while in other regions, the regime may be less predictable due to more erratic weather patterns. Understanding the river regime is important for managing water resources, predicting floods, and maintaining ecosystems that depend on the natural flow of rivers.

The coastal regions of Sierra leonne record an annual rainfall of over

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The coastal regions of Sierra Leone record an annual rainfall of over 4,000 mm. Sierra Leone is a country located in West Africa, and its climate is generally tropical, with high temperatures and high humidity. The amount of rainfall that a place receives is determined by a number of factors, including its location and topography. The coastal regions of Sierra Leone are characterized by a dense forest and a humid climate, which is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. The prevailing winds from the ocean bring moisture and result in high levels of rainfall. This region receives an annual rainfall of over 4,000 mm, which is one of the highest levels of rainfall in the world. The high rainfall is beneficial for agriculture, as it provides the necessary moisture for crops to grow. However, it can also result in flooding and landslides, which can be hazardous for the people living in the region. In summary, the coastal regions of Sierra Leone receive an annual rainfall of over 4,000 mm, which is a result of the region's location and its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean.

The human activity that can improve composition of the atmosphere is

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The best solution to the rapid depletion of forest resources in West Africa is to

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The best solution to the rapid depletion of forest resources in West Africa is to introduce forest conservation techniques. This approach involves implementing sustainable practices that protect the natural environment and enable communities to benefit from the forest resources without damaging them. It includes measures such as reducing deforestation, promoting reforestation, and enforcing laws against illegal logging and other harmful activities. Reserving hectares of land for plantations may not be a sustainable solution, as it can lead to monoculture and may not provide the same benefits as natural forests. Importing wood from other countries may exacerbate the problem, as it encourages overconsumption and does not address the underlying issues of deforestation. Employing more forest guards can help deter illegal activities, but it may not be enough without also implementing conservation techniques. Therefore, implementing forest conservation techniques is the best solution as it promotes the sustainable use of forest resources while protecting the natural environment and supporting local communities.

One of the features of wind deposition is

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Which of the following towns is not a precolonial town

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Enugu is not a precolonial town. Precolonial refers to the time period before the colonization of a particular area or region by European powers. In Nigeria, many towns and cities existed before the arrival of the Europeans, and these are referred to as precolonial towns. Ilorin, Bida, and Ibadan are all precolonial towns in Nigeria. They existed as independent kingdoms and city-states with their own unique cultures, traditions, and forms of governance long before the arrival of the Europeans. Enugu, on the other hand, was not a precolonial town. The town was founded in the early 20th century by the British colonial authorities as a coal mining settlement. While there were some settlements and villages in the area before the arrival of the British, Enugu did not exist as a town or city with a defined political and social structure until it was established by the colonial authorities.

Which of the following is an importance of the atmosphere to living organisms?

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The importance of the atmosphere to living organisms is that it provides oxygen for animals and plants for respiration. The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth, and it plays a vital role in supporting life on the planet. One of the most important functions of the atmosphere is that it provides oxygen, which is necessary for the respiration of animals and plants. During the process of respiration, living organisms take in oxygen and use it to convert food into energy. This process is essential for the survival of all living things, and it cannot occur without oxygen. Additionally, plants use the process of photosynthesis to produce oxygen, which is then released into the atmosphere for animals to breathe. In addition to providing oxygen, the atmosphere also plays a role in regulating the Earth's temperature and protecting living organisms from harmful solar radiation. The atmosphere also provides a medium for weather patterns to form, which are important for the distribution of water and other resources that support life. Therefore, it can be concluded that the most important function of the atmosphere to living organisms is providing oxygen for respiration.

Nigeria is located between longitudes

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Nigeria is located between longitudes 3°E and 15°E. Longitude is a measure of distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, which is an imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole and passes through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London. The Prime Meridian has a longitude of 0°, and all other longitudes are measured in degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian. Nigeria is located in West Africa, and its easternmost point is about 3°E, while its westernmost point is about 15°E. Therefore, Nigeria is located between longitudes 3°E and 15°E.

In a combined maximum and minimum thermometer, the difference between the hottest and coldest daily temperature for that day gives the

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The difference between the hottest and coldest daily temperature for a particular day is called the diurnal range of temperature. A combined maximum and minimum thermometer records both the highest and lowest temperatures that occur during a given period, typically a day. The highest temperature recorded is the maximum daily temperature, and the lowest temperature recorded is the minimum daily temperature. The diurnal range of temperature is the difference between these two values, indicating how much the temperature fluctuated over the course of the day. For example, if the highest temperature recorded was 30 degrees Celsius and the lowest temperature recorded was 15 degrees Celsius, then the diurnal range of temperature for that day would be 15 degrees Celsius.

The following are responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States of America except

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The option that is not responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States of America is "inadequate capital". The concentration of industries in eastern United States is due to the availability of two important factors: a large market and abundant natural resources. The eastern region of the US has a large population that provides a ready market for industrial products. Additionally, the region has numerous natural resources such as coal, iron ore, and waterways that are necessary for industrial production. High technology can also contribute to the concentration of industries in eastern United States as it attracts skilled labor and supports innovation. However, it is not the primary factor responsible for the concentration of industries in the region. On the other hand, inadequate capital would hinder industrial growth and development. Therefore, it cannot be responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States.

Which of the following farming activity best describes the rearing of only animals like cattle, sheep and goat mainly in the savanna belt of the north?

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Pastoral farming best describes the rearing of only animals like cattle, sheep, and goat mainly in the savanna belt of the north. Pastoral farming is a type of agricultural activity that involves the rearing of domesticated animals, such as cattle, sheep, and goats, in an extensive system, where the animals are allowed to roam freely over large areas of land. Pastoral farming is often practiced in regions with large areas of grassland, such as the savanna belt in the north of Nigeria, where the animals are able to find enough food and water to sustain themselves. Intensive farming, on the other hand, is a type of agricultural activity that involves the intensive use of inputs, such as land, labor, and capital, to maximize production. Intensive farming is often practiced in regions with high population densities and limited land resources. Animal farming is a general term that can refer to any type of farming that involves the rearing of animals, including both pastoral and intensive farming. Mixed farming is a type of agricultural activity that involves the simultaneous production of crops and livestock, often on the same piece of land.

___________ is a layer of very fine wind-deposited sand and silt?

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Loess is a layer of very fine wind-deposited sand and silt. It is created when wind carries small particles of sediment, such as sand and silt, from one place to another and deposits them in a layer. Loess is usually found in areas with strong winds, such as the prairies of North America, the steppes of Asia, and the deserts of Africa. This type of soil is fertile and is often used for agriculture.

Which of the following is a way of controlling soil erosion

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Contour ploughing is a way of controlling soil erosion. Soil erosion is the process of the removal of topsoil by agents such as wind or water. When the topsoil is removed, it leads to the loss of important nutrients and organic matter that are necessary for plant growth. Soil erosion also leads to the degradation of the soil structure, making it difficult for plants to grow. Contour ploughing involves ploughing furrows along the contours of a slope rather than up and down. This helps to slow down the runoff of water and reduce soil erosion. By ploughing along the contour, the furrows act as a barrier that traps water and allows it to soak into the soil. This helps to improve the water-holding capacity of the soil, which is essential for plant growth. In summary, contour ploughing is an effective way of controlling soil erosion because it helps to slow down the runoff of water and reduce soil loss.

Which of the following countries is located in North Africa.

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Algeria is located in North Africa. North Africa is a region of the African continent that includes several countries such as Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, and Western Sahara. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Sahara Desert to the south. Zaire, also known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is located in Central Africa. Rwanda is located in East Africa. Namibia is located in Southern Africa. Therefore, the correct answer is Algeria.

Which of the following tourist centres is wrongly paired?

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The tourist center that is wrongly paired in the given options is "Eiffel Tower - Germany." The correct country for the Eiffel Tower is France, not Germany. The Eiffel Tower is a wrought-iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is one of the most recognizable structures in the world and is a symbol of Paris and France. It was constructed between 1887 and 1889 as the entrance to the 1889 World's Fair, and it has become a global cultural icon of France and one of the most visited tourist attractions in the world. Therefore, the correct pairing for the Eiffel Tower is France, not Germany.

Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the Sea port at

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One of the disadvantages of water transport is that it

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Geo-referencing in GIS is referred to as

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Geo-referencing in GIS is the process of assigning spatial locations (coordinates) to a dataset, such as an image, map, or survey data, so that it can be viewed, analyzed, and compared with other spatial datasets. The main objective of geo-referencing is to integrate datasets from different sources that have different coordinate systems, projections, and scales into a common reference framework. This enables users to overlay, compare, and analyze different spatial datasets accurately and effectively. Geo-referencing involves aligning the data to a known reference system, such as a map or satellite imagery, and assigning a spatial location to each data point. This process involves identifying control points, which are specific locations that appear in both the data and the reference system, and using them to determine the transformation that is needed to align the data with the reference system. Once the data has been geo-referenced, it can be used for data acquisition, data management, manipulation, and analysis in GIS. Geo-referenced datasets can be used for a wide range of applications, including natural resource management, urban planning, environmental monitoring, and disaster management.

An important mineral deposit in south Africa which has attracted a large number of white settler is

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Which of the following is not a sea route?

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The option "London - Moscow - Baghdad" is not a sea route. This is a land route as it does not involve any sea transportation. The other three options are sea routes as they involve transportation by sea between the cities mentioned.

Which of the following is not an element of climate

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Attitude is not an element of climate. Climate refers to the long-term patterns of temperature, precipitation, wind, and air pressure in a particular area. Attitude refers to a person's feelings or opinions about something, and does not relate to the physical characteristics of the climate.

_______ is defined as the total surrounding or medium of any organism in a given area

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The term that is defined as the total surrounding or medium of any organism in a given area is "environment". Environment refers to the sum total of all biotic and abiotic factors that affect an organism in a given area. Biotic components refer to all living organisms in an ecosystem, including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria. Abiotic components, on the other hand, refer to all non-living factors, such as water, air, sunlight, temperature, soil, and minerals, that affect living organisms. An ecosystem is a community of living organisms, along with their non-living environment, that interact with each other. Therefore, an ecosystem is made up of both biotic and abiotic components, and it is a specific unit of the environment that can be studied as a distinct entity.