JAMB UTME - Geography - 2021
Ajụjụ 1 Ripọtì
The outer structure of the earth is made up of the following except?
Ajụjụ 4 Ripọtì
Which of the following farming activity best describes the rearing of only animals like cattle, sheep and goat mainly in the savanna belt of the north?
Akọwa Nkọwa
Pastoral farming best describes the rearing of only animals like cattle, sheep, and goat mainly in the savanna belt of the north. Pastoral farming is a type of agricultural activity that involves the rearing of domesticated animals, such as cattle, sheep, and goats, in an extensive system, where the animals are allowed to roam freely over large areas of land. Pastoral farming is often practiced in regions with large areas of grassland, such as the savanna belt in the north of Nigeria, where the animals are able to find enough food and water to sustain themselves. Intensive farming, on the other hand, is a type of agricultural activity that involves the intensive use of inputs, such as land, labor, and capital, to maximize production. Intensive farming is often practiced in regions with high population densities and limited land resources. Animal farming is a general term that can refer to any type of farming that involves the rearing of animals, including both pastoral and intensive farming. Mixed farming is a type of agricultural activity that involves the simultaneous production of crops and livestock, often on the same piece of land.
Ajụjụ 5 Ripọtì
Which of the following is not caused by the earth's rotation?
Akọwa Nkọwa
Seasonal changes are not caused by the earth's rotation. The earth's rotation is responsible for causing day and night, as the rotation of the earth on its axis causes the sun to appear to rise and set each day. It is also responsible for the deflection of winds and ocean currents. Seasonal changes, on the other hand, are caused by the tilt of the earth's axis as it revolves around the sun. The earth's axis is tilted at an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees, which causes different parts of the earth to receive different amounts of solar radiation as the earth orbits the sun. This results in the changes in temperature and weather patterns that we experience as the seasons. In summary, seasonal changes are not caused by the earth's rotation, but rather by the earth's tilt as it orbits the sun. The earth's rotation, however, does cause day and night and the deflection of winds and ocean currents.
Ajụjụ 6 Ripọtì
Which of the following countries is located in North Africa.
Akọwa Nkọwa
Algeria is located in North Africa. North Africa is a region of the African continent that includes several countries such as Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, and Western Sahara. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Sahara Desert to the south. Zaire, also known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is located in Central Africa. Rwanda is located in East Africa. Namibia is located in Southern Africa. Therefore, the correct answer is Algeria.
Ajụjụ 8 Ripọtì
Geo-referencing in GIS is referred to as
Akọwa Nkọwa
Geo-referencing in GIS is the process of assigning spatial locations (coordinates) to a dataset, such as an image, map, or survey data, so that it can be viewed, analyzed, and compared with other spatial datasets. The main objective of geo-referencing is to integrate datasets from different sources that have different coordinate systems, projections, and scales into a common reference framework. This enables users to overlay, compare, and analyze different spatial datasets accurately and effectively. Geo-referencing involves aligning the data to a known reference system, such as a map or satellite imagery, and assigning a spatial location to each data point. This process involves identifying control points, which are specific locations that appear in both the data and the reference system, and using them to determine the transformation that is needed to align the data with the reference system. Once the data has been geo-referenced, it can be used for data acquisition, data management, manipulation, and analysis in GIS. Geo-referenced datasets can be used for a wide range of applications, including natural resource management, urban planning, environmental monitoring, and disaster management.
Ajụjụ 10 Ripọtì
__________ is a highland area which seperates the headstreams of rivers flowing in different directions but rising from the same mountainous source
Akọwa Nkọwa
The term that fits the given definition is "watershed." A watershed is a highland area that separates the headwaters of rivers that flow in different directions but originate from the same mountainous source. Think of it as a dividing line that determines which direction rainwater will flow. Rain that falls on one side of the watershed will flow into one river, while rain that falls on the other side will flow into a different river. This separation is important because it affects the water quality and quantity of each river, and it can have significant impacts on the ecosystems that depend on those rivers.
Ajụjụ 12 Ripọtì
The tourist centre of Ogbunike care is located near
Akọwa Nkọwa
The correct answer is "Onitsha in Anambra state." Ogbunike Cave is a popular tourist destination in Nigeria, known for its beautiful natural caves and rock formations. It is located in Ogbunike, a small town in Anambra state, in the southeastern part of the country. Onitsha, which is one of the largest cities in Anambra state, is located just a few kilometers from Ogbunike and is the closest major city to the Ogbunike Cave tourist center. The town of Ogbunike can be accessed via the Onitsha-Owerri expressway, and the cave is only a short distance from the town center. Therefore, the correct answer is "Onitsha in Anambra state" since it is the nearest major city to the tourist center of Ogbunike Cave.
Ajụjụ 13 Ripọtì
These are areas of crude oil production in Nigeria except
Ajụjụ 14 Ripọtì
Which of the following is a reason for the high volume of trade between Nigeria and developed countries?
Akọwa Nkọwa
The correct answer is "Colonial ties." One of the primary reasons for the high volume of trade between Nigeria and developed countries is the historical and economic ties that Nigeria shares with many of these nations. Nigeria was a British colony until it gained independence in 1960, and as a result, it has maintained strong trade relationships with the UK and other former British colonies. These relationships have been fostered over many years through cultural, social, and economic ties. In addition, many developed countries have invested heavily in Nigeria's natural resources, such as oil, which has further strengthened the trade relationships between Nigeria and these countries. This has led to the development of a large export market for Nigerian products, such as crude oil and natural gas. Therefore, the correct answer is "Colonial ties," as it has been a significant reason for the high volume of trade between Nigeria and developed countries.
Ajụjụ 15 Ripọtì
Which of the following towns is not a precolonial town
Akọwa Nkọwa
Enugu is not a precolonial town. Precolonial refers to the time period before the colonization of a particular area or region by European powers. In Nigeria, many towns and cities existed before the arrival of the Europeans, and these are referred to as precolonial towns. Ilorin, Bida, and Ibadan are all precolonial towns in Nigeria. They existed as independent kingdoms and city-states with their own unique cultures, traditions, and forms of governance long before the arrival of the Europeans. Enugu, on the other hand, was not a precolonial town. The town was founded in the early 20th century by the British colonial authorities as a coal mining settlement. While there were some settlements and villages in the area before the arrival of the British, Enugu did not exist as a town or city with a defined political and social structure until it was established by the colonial authorities.
Ajụjụ 16 Ripọtì
In Nigeria, which of the following vegetation zones is best known for timber exploitation?
Akọwa Nkọwa
The vegetation zone in Nigeria that is best known for timber exploitation is the rain forest. The rain forest is a vegetation zone characterized by a dense growth of tall trees and high rainfall, which is conducive to the growth of large trees suitable for timber production. This type of vegetation is found in the southern part of Nigeria, particularly in states such as Cross River, Akwa Ibom, Rivers, and Delta. In these areas, there are many timber companies that engage in the logging and processing of timber from the rain forest. The timber industry is an important sector of the Nigerian economy, as timber is used for a variety of purposes such as construction, furniture making, and paper production. However, it is important to note that unsustainable logging practices can lead to deforestation and habitat loss, which can have negative impacts on biodiversity and the ecosystem. Therefore, it is important to ensure that logging activities are carried out in a sustainable manner, with measures taken to preserve the forest and its biodiversity for future generations.
Ajụjụ 17 Ripọtì
These are landforms producing agent except
Akọwa Nkọwa
Out of the given options, storms are not a landform producing agent. Landforms are natural features on the Earth's surface, such as mountains, valleys, and plains, that are created over long periods of time through the actions of various agents. These agents include natural forces such as water, wind, ice, and gravity. Waves, rivers, and glaciers are all agents that can shape the Earth's surface over time. Waves can erode coastlines and create features like sea cliffs and sea caves. Rivers can carve out valleys and canyons through erosion and transport sediment downstream. Glaciers can also erode and transport sediment, as well as create features such as moraines and U-shaped valleys. On the other hand, storms are not an agent that shapes the Earth's surface in a significant way. Storms are short-lived weather events that can cause erosion and deposition in some areas, but they are not powerful enough to create significant landforms on their own. However, storms can interact with other landforming agents like rivers and waves, exacerbating their effects and creating more dramatic changes to the landscape.
Ajụjụ 18 Ripọtì
Which of the following lakes owes its origin mainly to faulting?
Ajụjụ 19 Ripọtì
A device for transferring information from analogue map into computer for further manipulation is
Akọwa Nkọwa
A device for transferring information from an analogue map into a computer for further manipulation is called a Digitizer. A digitizer is a piece of hardware that is used to convert analogue information into a digital format that can be read and manipulated by a computer. In the case of maps, a digitizer is used to trace the features on a paper map and convert them into a digital format, such as a shapefile or a georeferenced image. This allows the information on the map to be easily manipulated, stored, and analyzed using computer software. An aerial photograph is a type of image that is taken from the air, often from an airplane or drone, and is used to capture information about the land and features on the ground. A global positioning system (GPS) is a network of satellites and receivers that is used to determine the location, speed, and direction of an object on the Earth's surface. A plotter is a type of printer that is used to produce large-format images, such as maps, technical drawings, and architectural plans.
Ajụjụ 20 Ripọtì
On maps, lines drawn to join all places in the ocean having equal degree of salinity are called
Akọwa Nkọwa
On maps, lines drawn to join all places in the ocean having equal degree of salinity are called isohalines. Isohalines are similar to contour lines on topographic maps that join all points of equal elevation. However, instead of elevation, isohalines connect all points on a map that have the same salinity in the ocean. Ocean salinity is a measure of the amount of salt dissolved in a given amount of seawater. The salinity of ocean water varies depending on several factors, such as temperature, evaporation, and precipitation. By drawing isohalines on maps, scientists can visualize the patterns of salinity distribution in the ocean and study how it changes over time. The term "isohaline" comes from the Greek word "iso" meaning equal and "haline" meaning salt, so it literally means "equal salt."
Ajụjụ 22 Ripọtì
The type of water left in the soil after excess water has been drained off, following heavy rainfall is known as
Akọwa Nkọwa
The type of water left in the soil after excess water has been drained off following heavy rainfall is known as field capacity. Field capacity refers to the amount of water that the soil can hold after excess water has drained away and the soil particles have become saturated. This water is held in the soil by a combination of gravity and the attraction between water molecules and soil particles. In other words, field capacity is the point at which the soil is neither too wet nor too dry, and it is the maximum amount of water that can be stored in the soil and still be available for plants to use.
Ajụjụ 23 Ripọtì
A line joining all points of equal salinity is an
Akọwa Nkọwa
A line joining all points of equal salinity is an isohaline. In simpler terms, salinity refers to the amount of salt in water, and an isohaline is a line on a map that connects all the points in a body of water that have the same level of salinity. So, if you were to take a water sample at each point along an isohaline, you would find that they all have the same amount of salt in them. Isohalines are important in oceanography and marine biology because changes in salinity can affect the behavior and distribution of marine organisms, as well as ocean currents and other physical processes.
Ajụjụ 24 Ripọtì
In a combined maximum and minimum thermometer, the difference between the hottest and coldest daily temperature for that day gives the
Akọwa Nkọwa
The difference between the hottest and coldest daily temperature for a particular day is called the diurnal range of temperature. A combined maximum and minimum thermometer records both the highest and lowest temperatures that occur during a given period, typically a day. The highest temperature recorded is the maximum daily temperature, and the lowest temperature recorded is the minimum daily temperature. The diurnal range of temperature is the difference between these two values, indicating how much the temperature fluctuated over the course of the day. For example, if the highest temperature recorded was 30 degrees Celsius and the lowest temperature recorded was 15 degrees Celsius, then the diurnal range of temperature for that day would be 15 degrees Celsius.
Ajụjụ 26 Ripọtì
If the scale of a map is 2cm to 1km, what is the ground distance if the distance between two towns on the map is 20cm
Akọwa Nkọwa
If the scale of a map is 2cm to 1km, it means that for every 2 centimeters on the map, there is a real-world distance of 1 kilometer. To find the ground distance between two towns on the map, we need to convert the distance on the map into a real-world distance. If the distance between the two towns on the map is 20cm, we can start by calculating how many kilometers it represents in the real world. Since the scale is 2cm to 1km, we can divide the distance on the map by 2 to get the real-world distance: 20 cm / 2 = 10 km Therefore, the ground distance between the two towns is 10 kilometers. So the answer is: 10km.
Ajụjụ 27 Ripọtì
The best solution to the rapid depletion of forest resources in West Africa is to
Akọwa Nkọwa
The best solution to the rapid depletion of forest resources in West Africa is to introduce forest conservation techniques. This approach involves implementing sustainable practices that protect the natural environment and enable communities to benefit from the forest resources without damaging them. It includes measures such as reducing deforestation, promoting reforestation, and enforcing laws against illegal logging and other harmful activities. Reserving hectares of land for plantations may not be a sustainable solution, as it can lead to monoculture and may not provide the same benefits as natural forests. Importing wood from other countries may exacerbate the problem, as it encourages overconsumption and does not address the underlying issues of deforestation. Employing more forest guards can help deter illegal activities, but it may not be enough without also implementing conservation techniques. Therefore, implementing forest conservation techniques is the best solution as it promotes the sustainable use of forest resources while protecting the natural environment and supporting local communities.
Ajụjụ 28 Ripọtì
An example of a coastline of emergence is
Akọwa Nkọwa
An example of a coastline of emergence is a raised beach. A coastline of emergence refers to a type of coastline that is formed when the land is rising relative to the sea level. This can be caused by tectonic activity or changes in the level of the land due to the melting of glaciers. When the land rises, the sea level falls, which exposes the previously submerged shoreline. This results in the formation of a raised beach, which is a distinctive feature of a coastline of emergence. A raised beach is a beach that is located above the current sea level, and it is typically characterized by a flat or gently sloping surface. Other features of a coastline of emergence may include sea cliffs, wave-cut platforms, and marine terraces. These features are formed by the erosion of the land by the sea when it was at a higher level, followed by the uplift of the land. An example of a coastline of emergence can be found along the coast of Norway. The Norwegian coastline has experienced significant uplift due to tectonic activity, which has resulted in the formation of raised beaches, sea cliffs, and marine terraces. In summary, a coastline of emergence is a type of coastline that is formed when the land rises relative to the sea level. One of the distinctive features of this type of coastline is a raised beach, which is a beach that is located above the current sea level. An example of a coastline of emergence can be found along the coast of Norway.
Ajụjụ 29 Ripọtì
A major percentage of the world's exports of citrus fruits is from the
Akọwa Nkọwa
A major percentage of the world's exports of citrus fruits comes from the Mediterranean region. The Mediterranean region, which includes countries such as Spain, Italy, Greece, and Turkey, has a warm and sunny climate that is ideal for growing citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruits. These fruits are widely cultivated in the region, and a large portion of the production is exported to other countries. This region has long been known for its fertile soils and favorable growing conditions, making it one of the major citrus-producing areas in the world. In addition, the Mediterranean region has a long history of citrus cultivation and a strong tradition of producing high-quality fruit. So, while citrus fruits can be grown in other regions such as the tropical and cool temperate regions, the Mediterranean region remains the largest exporter of these fruits.
Ajụjụ 30 Ripọtì
Which of the following is a sedimentary rock.
Akọwa Nkọwa
Shale is a sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rocks are formed from layers of sediment, such as dead plants and animals, sand, or mud, that have been compacted and cemented together over time. Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock that forms from the compression of clay and silt. It is usually dark in color and can be easily split into thin layers. Marble, on the other hand, is a metamorphic rock, which means it was formed from the alteration of an existing rock, often through heat, pressure, and chemical processes. It is a dense, crystalline rock that is prized for its beauty and used in construction and sculpture. Graphite is a naturally occurring form of carbon and is not a rock. Schist is a metamorphic rock that forms from the alteration of existing rocks, often through heat, pressure, and chemical processes. It is characterized by its foliated texture, with flat, sheet-like minerals that are aligned in a particular direction.
Ajụjụ 31 Ripọtì
Sparse population in the middle belt of Nigeria can not be attributed to
Akọwa Nkọwa
Ajụjụ 33 Ripọtì
Which of the following is an effect of the earth's revolution?
Akọwa Nkọwa
One effect of the earth's revolution is that it determines a year. The earth takes approximately 365.24 days to complete one orbit around the sun, which is known as a year. As the earth moves around the sun, it also causes changes in the amount of sunlight that different parts of the planet receive, which in turn affects the seasons. The tilt of the earth's axis also plays a role in determining the seasons. As the earth moves in its orbit, different parts of the planet are tilted towards or away from the sun, which causes the variations in the amount of daylight and darkness we experience throughout the year. Therefore, while day and night, dawn and twilight, and apparent sunrise and sunset are also effects of the earth's rotation, the revolution primarily determines a year.
Ajụjụ 34 Ripọtì
Nigeria's major export commodity is
Akọwa Nkọwa
Nigeria's major export commodity is petroleum, also known as crude oil. Petroleum is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago. It is a valuable resource that is used in a wide range of applications, including transportation, power generation, and manufacturing. In Nigeria, petroleum was discovered in the 1950s, and it has since become the country's major export commodity, accounting for a significant portion of the country's revenue. Nigeria is one of the largest oil producers in Africa and one of the top oil exporters in the world. The oil industry has had a significant impact on Nigeria's economy, providing employment opportunities and contributing to the country's economic growth. However, there have also been concerns about the environmental impact of oil exploration and the management of the revenue generated from the industry. In summary, Nigeria's major export commodity is petroleum, which is a valuable resource used in various industries. The discovery and production of oil have had a significant impact on Nigeria's economy, but there are also challenges and concerns associated with the industry.
Ajụjụ 35 Ripọtì
The following are responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States of America except
Akọwa Nkọwa
The option that is not responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States of America is "inadequate capital". The concentration of industries in eastern United States is due to the availability of two important factors: a large market and abundant natural resources. The eastern region of the US has a large population that provides a ready market for industrial products. Additionally, the region has numerous natural resources such as coal, iron ore, and waterways that are necessary for industrial production. High technology can also contribute to the concentration of industries in eastern United States as it attracts skilled labor and supports innovation. However, it is not the primary factor responsible for the concentration of industries in the region. On the other hand, inadequate capital would hinder industrial growth and development. Therefore, it cannot be responsible for the concentration of industries in eastern United States.
Ajụjụ 36 Ripọtì
Which of the following is not a sea route?
Akọwa Nkọwa
The option "London - Moscow - Baghdad" is not a sea route. This is a land route as it does not involve any sea transportation. The other three options are sea routes as they involve transportation by sea between the cities mentioned.
Ajụjụ 38 Ripọtì
Which of the following is not a graphical representation of statistical data?
Ajụjụ 39 Ripọtì
Which of the following gives the correct full meaning of G.I.S?
Akọwa Nkọwa
The correct full meaning of GIS is Geographic Information System. GIS is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage and present spatial or geographical data. It combines hardware, software, and data to create digital maps that can be used to analyze and visualize information related to geographic locations. GIS technology is used in a wide range of applications such as urban planning, natural resource management, emergency response, and many others. In summary, GIS stands for Geographic Information System and it is a system used to capture, store, analyze, and present spatial data related to geographic locations.
Ajụjụ 40 Ripọtì
Which of the following is an importance of the atmosphere to living organisms?
Akọwa Nkọwa
The importance of the atmosphere to living organisms is that it provides oxygen for animals and plants for respiration. The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth, and it plays a vital role in supporting life on the planet. One of the most important functions of the atmosphere is that it provides oxygen, which is necessary for the respiration of animals and plants. During the process of respiration, living organisms take in oxygen and use it to convert food into energy. This process is essential for the survival of all living things, and it cannot occur without oxygen. Additionally, plants use the process of photosynthesis to produce oxygen, which is then released into the atmosphere for animals to breathe. In addition to providing oxygen, the atmosphere also plays a role in regulating the Earth's temperature and protecting living organisms from harmful solar radiation. The atmosphere also provides a medium for weather patterns to form, which are important for the distribution of water and other resources that support life. Therefore, it can be concluded that the most important function of the atmosphere to living organisms is providing oxygen for respiration.
