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Question 1 Report
An action taken by a seller to avoid risks from unforeseeable price fluctuation is known as
Answer Details
In business, there are several risks that can arise due to unforeseeable price fluctuations in the market. One way to avoid such risks is through hedging. Hedging is an action taken by a seller to reduce their exposure to price fluctuations in the market. This is done by taking a position in the futures or options market, which allows the seller to lock in a price for their product or service. This way, even if the market price fluctuates, the seller is protected from any losses. For example, let's say a farmer wants to sell their crop but is worried that the price of the crop will decrease due to factors beyond their control, such as weather, demand, or supply. The farmer can hedge against this risk by entering into a futures contract with a buyer, which guarantees a fixed price for the crop at a future date. This way, even if the market price for the crop decreases, the farmer is protected by the fixed price agreed upon in the futures contract. Therefore, the action taken by a seller to avoid risks from unforeseeable price fluctuation is known as hedging.
Question 3 Report
The basic principles upon which International Trade is carried on among countries is
Question 4 Report
Which of the following is not a problem of ECOWAS?
Answer Details
The problem that is not associated with ECOWAS is "Diversified economy for West Africa". ECOWAS, which stands for the Economic Community of West African States, is a regional organization of 15 West African countries established to promote economic integration in the region. The other options listed are all problems that ECOWAS faces in achieving its objectives. Different levels of economic development in member countries, different economic policies, transportation and communication links, and use of different currencies can all pose challenges to the integration process. However, "diversified economy for West Africa" is not a problem but rather a desirable goal for the region.
Question 5 Report
The production process is completed when what is produced
Answer Details
The production process is completed when the product has reached the final users. The final users refer to the individuals or entities who purchase and consume the product. The production process involves several stages, such as sourcing raw materials, manufacturing, packaging, and distribution. Once the product is ready, it needs to be transported to the market, where it will be sold to the end-users. At this point, the production process is considered complete because the ultimate goal of producing the product has been achieved - providing it to the customers who will use it.
Question 6 Report
One advantage of direct selling is
Answer Details
Direct selling is a method of selling products or services directly to consumers without using intermediaries such as retailers or wholesalers. One advantage of direct selling is immediate feedback. Direct selling allows for face-to-face interaction with customers, which can provide immediate feedback on the products or services being offered. This feedback can be used to improve the product or service and tailor it to the needs of the customer, which can increase customer satisfaction and loyalty. In addition, direct selling can also help to build personal relationships with customers, which can lead to repeat business and positive word-of-mouth advertising.
Question 7 Report
A mercantile agent having title to goods in his possession is known as
Answer Details
A mercantile agent who has title or ownership of goods in his possession and sells them on behalf of the owner is known as a "factor". Factors are commonly used in industries such as textiles and manufacturing, where they purchase raw materials and finished goods and sell them to retailers or wholesalers. The factor takes ownership of the goods, assumes the risk of loss or damage, and then sells them to customers. In return for their services, the factor receives a commission based on the value of the goods sold.
Question 8 Report
Commerce is concerned mainly with the?
Answer Details
Commerce is mainly concerned with the distribution of goods and services. This includes everything from getting the products to the stores or online platforms where they will be sold, to the process of selling those goods or services to customers. Commerce also encompasses activities like pricing, logistics, and customer service, all of which are focused on ensuring that products and services are delivered to consumers in the most efficient and effective way possible. While other aspects like production, advertising, and storage are important components of commerce, they are all ultimately focused on facilitating the distribution of goods and services to customers.
Question 9 Report
On which of the following grounds may a company be compulsorily wound up?
Answer Details
Compulsory winding-up is a legal process through which a court orders a company to be liquidated or dissolved. This occurs when the company is unable to pay off its debts and meet its obligations to creditors. Out of the options given, "it fails to commence business within a year of its incorporation" is a ground on which a company may be compulsorily wound up. This is because under the Nigerian Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA), a company must commence business within one year of its incorporation; failure to do so constitutes sufficient grounds for compulsory winding-up. Other grounds for compulsory winding-up include inability to pay debts, fraudulent activities, and public interest. If a company is found to have engaged in illegal or fraudulent activities, the court may order it to be compulsorily wound up in the interest of justice and public order. Therefore, "it fails to commence business within a year of its incorporation" is one of the grounds on which a company may be compulsorily wound up under CAMA.
Question 10 Report
Which of the following brings a public corporation into existence
Answer Details
Acts of Parliament bring a public corporation into existence. A public corporation is a legal entity that is created by the government to undertake specific commercial or non-commercial activities on behalf of the state. This entity is created through a special Act of Parliament that defines its powers, duties, and functions. The Act of Parliament gives the public corporation a legal status, allowing it to operate independently of the government and to enter into contracts, sue or be sued, and own property. Therefore, the correct answer is Acts of Parliament.
Question 11 Report
Money spent on acquiring vehicles, furniture and fittings by a manufacturing company is termed
Answer Details
Money spent on acquiring vehicles, furniture and fittings by a manufacturing company is termed fixed capital. Fixed capital refers to the capital invested in long-term assets such as land, buildings, machinery, equipment, vehicles, furniture, and fittings. These assets are used in the production of goods or services and are expected to provide benefits to the company for a period exceeding one year. Working capital, on the other hand, refers to the capital invested in short-term assets such as inventory, accounts receivable, and cash, that are used in the day-to-day operations of the business. Circulation capital is another term for working capital. Fictitious capital is a Marxist economic concept that refers to the artificial value assigned to financial assets such as stocks and bonds. Capital owned refers to the total amount of capital that a company has, which includes both fixed and working capital.
Question 12 Report
Penalty imposed by a ship owner for exceeding the period charter is
Answer Details
Demurrage is the penalty imposed by a ship owner for exceeding the period charter. Demurrage is a fee charged by the owner of a chartered ship on the charterer for delaying the ship's turnaround time beyond the allowed laytime. It is a form of liquidated damages for the inconvenience caused to the shipowner by the charterer's delay. The demurrage charge is based on a per-day or per-hour rate and is calculated from the agreed laytime to the actual time of berthing and unloading.
Question 13 Report
An offer of new shares made to existing shareholders at a preferential price is called?
Answer Details
An offer of new shares made to existing shareholders at a preferential price is called a "rights issue". This allows existing shareholders to purchase additional shares in the company at a discount, giving them the opportunity to increase their ownership stake without having to compete with outside investors. The company may issue rights to raise capital, pay down debt, or finance an expansion. Rights issues are a common way for companies to raise capital while also rewarding their existing shareholders.
Question 14 Report
Another name for a foreign order is
Answer Details
A foreign order is also known as an "indent". An indent is a type of order placed by a buyer with a supplier, usually in a foreign country. It specifies the details of the goods or products required, including quantity, quality, and price. The indent is used to initiate the purchase of goods and is usually sent to the supplier well in advance of the required delivery date. The supplier then acknowledges the indent and confirms its ability to supply the goods as specified.
Question 15 Report
The total asset of business minus its total liability is the
Answer Details
The total asset of a business minus its total liability is the "capital owned" or "owner's equity". This represents the portion of the assets that the business actually owns, as opposed to owing to creditors or other sources. It is essentially the residual interest in the assets of the business after all liabilities have been deducted. This amount represents the net worth of the business and is considered a key indicator of its financial health.
Question 16 Report
The reward of entrepreneurship as a factor of production is
Answer Details
The reward of entrepreneurship as a factor of production is profit. Entrepreneurship involves taking risks and organizing and managing resources to produce goods or services with the aim of making a profit. Profit is the surplus that remains after deducting all the costs of production from the total revenue earned. It serves as a reward for the entrepreneur's effort, innovation, and ability to identify profitable opportunities. Interest, commission, salary, and rent are also forms of income, but they are associated with other factors of production such as capital, labor, and land, respectively.
Question 17 Report
Which of the following defines communication in commerce?
Answer Details
Communication in commerce refers to the exchange of information and ideas between different individuals or organizations involved in business activities. Effective communication is essential in commerce to ensure that all parties are aware of their roles, responsibilities, and expectations. Out of the options given, "Transmission of information" best defines communication in commerce. This involves the sending and receiving of messages, data, and other relevant information through various means of communication, such as phone calls, emails, letters, video conferencing, and social media. In commerce, communication serves several purposes, including negotiating deals, building relationships with customers and suppliers, managing employees, and resolving conflicts. Good communication skills are essential for businesses to succeed in today's competitive market. Therefore, "Transmission of information" is the most accurate definition of communication in commerce.
Question 18 Report
The amount which the insured pays the insurer periodically is
Answer Details
The amount which the insured pays the insurer periodically is called the "premium". It is the cost of the insurance policy, and it can be paid on a monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, or annual basis depending on the agreement between the insurer and the insured. The premium is calculated based on the type of insurance coverage, the amount of coverage, the insured's risk profile, and other factors that the insurer considers relevant. The insurer uses the premiums collected to pay claims, administrative expenses, and earn a profit.
Question 19 Report
A symbol that is used to distinguish a company's product from others is a
Answer Details
A symbol used to distinguish a company's product from others is called a trade mark. A trade mark can be a symbol, word, phrase, or design that identifies and distinguishes the goods or services of one company from those of another. It can also help consumers to recognize and remember a particular brand or product. Once registered, a trade mark gives the owner exclusive rights to use the mark in relation to the goods or services for which it is registered and can prevent others from using a similar mark that could cause confusion among consumers.
Question 20 Report
The dealers who buy and sell stocks and shares in their own name are called
Answer Details
Dealers who buy and sell stocks and shares in their own name are called jobbers. Unlike brokers, jobbers don't act as intermediaries between buyers and sellers. They trade on their own account, taking on the risk of holding stocks and shares until they can find a buyer or seller willing to take them off their hands. Jobbers are important players in the stock market, providing liquidity and helping to keep prices stable by absorbing fluctuations in demand.
Question 21 Report
New shares are offered for sale to the public through
Answer Details
New shares are offered for sale to the public through issuing houses. An issuing house is a financial institution that assists companies in raising funds by underwriting and selling securities such as stocks and bonds to the public. The issuing house plays a vital role in ensuring the success of the initial public offering (IPO) process, as it helps the company to prepare the necessary documents, evaluate the market demand for the securities, set the price of the securities, and promote the securities to potential investors. The issuing house receives a commission for its services, which is typically a percentage of the total value of the securities sold.
Question 22 Report
In the capital structure of a Public Limited Company, the term equity refers to
Answer Details
In the capital structure of a Public Limited Company, the term equity refers to ordinary shares. Equity refers to the portion of a company's capital that is raised by selling ownership shares to shareholders. In a Public Limited Company, the equity may be raised by selling either ordinary shares or preference shares, but the term "equity" generally refers to ordinary shares. Ordinary shares are also known as common shares and represent the ownership stake of the shareholders in the company. They give shareholders the right to vote on important company decisions, such as the election of board members and other matters that require shareholder approval. In addition, ordinary shareholders may receive dividends when the company is profitable. Preference shares, on the other hand, do not carry voting rights and generally offer fixed dividends, but they have priority over ordinary shares in the event of liquidation of the company. In summary, the term equity in the capital structure of a Public Limited Company refers to ordinary shares, which represent ownership stakes and carry voting rights for shareholders.
Question 23 Report
Price lists, catalogues and COD are mainly used in operating
Answer Details
Price lists, catalogues, and COD (Cash on Delivery) are mainly used in operating mail order businesses. In a mail order business, customers can browse through a catalogue or price list of products, place an order by mail, phone, or online, and then pay for the products upon delivery through COD. This method allows customers to shop from the convenience of their own home and provides businesses with a wider reach for potential customers beyond their physical location. The products are then shipped directly to the customer's address, eliminating the need for them to visit a physical store.
Question 24 Report
Which of the following facilities is very useful to an organization that posts a large number of mails regularly?
Answer Details
A franking machine is a facility that is very useful to an organization that posts a large number of mails regularly. This machine is used to print postage stamps directly onto envelopes or labels, which saves time and reduces costs. It is especially useful for businesses that send out a large volume of mail, as it eliminates the need to manually apply postage stamps to each envelope. By using a franking machine, organizations can benefit from reduced postage costs and improved efficiency in their mailing processes.
Question 25 Report
Ola presented his motor-cycle for sale to Musa at a cost of #8,000. Musa agreed and bought the vehicle at the same amount.
Ola is the
Answer Details
In the given scenario, Ola presented his motorcycle for sale to Musa at a cost of #8,000 and Musa agreed to buy it at the same amount. Therefore, Ola is the offeror, which means that he made an offer to sell the motorcycle to Musa for a certain price. Musa is the acceptor, as he agreed to buy the motorcycle from Ola at the offered price. An offeror is the person who initiates a proposal or offer to enter into a contract, while an offeree is the person to whom the offer is made. The acceptor is the person who agrees to the terms of the offer, resulting in the formation of a legally binding contract. In this case, Ola made the initial offer to sell the motorcycle to Musa, who accepted the offer, thereby forming a contract between the two parties.
Question 26 Report
The returns from capital investment are known as
Answer Details
The returns from capital investment are known as profit. Profit is the amount of money earned by a business after deducting all its expenses, including the cost of goods sold, taxes, and interest payments. Profit is an important measure of a company's financial performance, as it indicates the extent to which the business is able to generate revenue from its operations.
Question 27 Report
Which of the following is legally used by the insured while the policy is being processed?
Answer Details
A cover note is legally used by the insured while the policy is being processed. A cover note is a temporary document issued by the insurance company that provides insurance coverage for a specified period until the actual insurance policy is issued. It serves as proof of insurance coverage until the policy is issued, and the insured can use it during this period while their policy is being processed. Once the insurance policy is issued, the cover note becomes invalid.
Question 28 Report
Which of the following is not connected with after-sales services?
Answer Details
Question 29 Report
Which of the following assists a Nigerian producer to participate in trade fairs and exhibitions abroad?
Answer Details
The answer is Nigerian Exports Promotion Council. The Nigerian Exports Promotion Council (NEPC) is a government agency responsible for promoting non-oil exports in Nigeria. One of its functions is to assist Nigerian producers to participate in trade fairs and exhibitions abroad. By providing financial and other forms of support, the NEPC encourages Nigerian producers to showcase their products at international trade fairs and exhibitions. This helps to promote Nigerian goods and services abroad, and creates opportunities for Nigerian producers to explore new markets and establish business contacts with foreign buyers.
Question 30 Report
Which of the following is a demerit of advertising?
Answer Details
A demerit of advertising is that it increases the per-unit cost of goods. When companies advertise their products, they incur costs related to the creation, placement, and distribution of the ads. These costs are passed on to consumers in the form of higher prices, which ultimately increases the per-unit cost of the goods being sold. This can be a disadvantage for consumers who may be willing to purchase the product but cannot afford the higher price. It can also make the product less competitive in the market compared to similar products with lower costs.
Question 31 Report
The speculator in the stock exchange market who sells securities in anticipation of a fall in price is called a
Answer Details
A speculator in the stock exchange market who sells securities in anticipation of a fall in price is called a "bear." The term "bear" is used to describe someone who is pessimistic about the market and expects prices to decline. Bears typically sell stocks or other securities in the hope of buying them back at a lower price and making a profit. In contrast, a "bull" is a speculator who buys securities in anticipation of an increase in price. The terms "bull" and "bear" are commonly used in financial markets to describe the overall sentiment or trend of the market.
Question 32 Report
Measuring performance against the set objectives is a management function that relates to
Answer Details
Measuring performance against the set objectives is a management function that relates to controlling. Controlling involves ensuring that actual performance conforms to planned performance, and when necessary, taking corrective actions to address any deviations. By measuring performance against set objectives, managers can determine whether their plans are on track, and take corrective action if necessary. This helps to ensure that goals are met efficiently and effectively, and that resources are used in the most productive way possible.
Question 33 Report
A partner who contributes to the capital but does not take part in running the business is known as
Answer Details
A partner who contributes to the capital of a business but does not take part in its management or day-to-day operations is known as a sleeping partner. They are also sometimes referred to as silent partners. This means that they invest money in the business but do not have any say in how it is run or make any decisions regarding the business's operations. In return, they usually receive a share of the profits or dividends. Sleeping partners are a common feature of partnerships, where two or more individuals join together to run a business.
Question 34 Report
Movement of commercial vehicles in Nigeria is controlled by the
Question 35 Report
Which of the following is not a function of the Nigerian Airport Authority?
Answer Details
The function of the Nigerian Airport Authority is to manage and maintain airports within Nigeria. This includes tasks such as the maintenance of airport buildings and tarmac, the collection of airport taxes, the control of aircraft movement, the maintenance of airport security, and the regulation of air transport services in the country. However, maintaining all aircraft in the country is not a function of the Nigerian Airport Authority. This is the responsibility of the individual airlines and their maintenance teams. The Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) is the regulatory body responsible for overseeing aircraft maintenance and ensuring that all airlines comply with safety regulations. Therefore, "Maintains all aircrafts in the country" is not a function of the Nigerian Airport Authority.
Question 36 Report
Which of the following is not true of air transport?
Answer Details
The option that is not true of air transport is "it operates normally irrespective of weather conditions." Air transport can be affected by weather conditions such as fog, thunderstorms, hurricanes, and other adverse weather conditions, which can lead to flight delays or even cancellations for the safety of passengers and crew. However, air transport is still considered one of the fastest and most efficient modes of transportation for both goods and people, especially for long distances or when time is critical. It is commonly used to transport high-value goods and medical supplies, such as blood, organs, and vaccines, due to its speed and reliability. While air transport may have higher operating costs compared to other modes of transport, it is often preferred for its convenience and speed. Airlines usually strive to maintain their schedules, but weather and other unforeseen circumstances may sometimes cause delays or cancellations.
Question 37 Report
Which of the following guides the operations of a Partnership?
Answer Details
The operations of a Partnership are guided by "The Deed". A partnership is a business organization in which two or more individuals come together to carry out a business and share profits and losses. The Deed is a legal document that governs the operations of a partnership. It outlines the rights, responsibilities, and duties of the partners, including the capital contributions of each partner, profit and loss sharing ratios, and the procedures for admitting or retiring partners. The Deed serves as a contract between the partners and is used to resolve disputes that may arise in the course of the partnership's operations. Therefore, it is essential for partners to carefully consider and draft a comprehensive Deed to ensure smooth and efficient operations of the partnership.
Question 39 Report
A speculator who applies for new stocks and shares with the intention of selling them them at higher price is a
Answer Details
A speculator who applies for new stocks and shares with the intention of selling them at a higher price is called a stag. A stag is an investor who buys shares in a company's initial public offering (IPO) with the hope of selling them for a profit shortly after the stock begins trading on the open market. The stag's goal is to take advantage of the potential price increase that often occurs when a stock is first listed for public trading. In other words, a stag is a short-term investor who aims to make a quick profit by flipping shares, as opposed to a long-term investor who holds onto shares for an extended period of time.
Question 40 Report
Any action taken by a company outside its stated objectives is regarded as
Answer Details
"Ultra vires" is the correct term for an action taken by a company outside its stated objectives. The term is a Latin phrase which means "beyond the powers." This means that the company has exceeded its legal authority to act, as defined by its memorandum and articles of association. Such actions are considered void and unenforceable in law. The purpose of the ultra vires doctrine is to protect shareholders and creditors from the misuse of company funds and assets by the company's management.
Question 41 Report
Which of the following is not a means of controlling credit by the Central Bank?
Answer Details
Clearing inter-bank indebtedness is not a means of controlling credit by the Central Bank. Clearing inter-bank indebtedness is a system that allows banks to settle payments between themselves. When one bank owes another bank money, they can use the clearing system to transfer funds from one bank account to another. While the central bank may oversee the clearing system, it is not a direct means of controlling credit. The other options listed are all means of controlling credit by the Central Bank. - Fixing the bank rate refers to the interest rate that the central bank sets for lending money to other banks, which can influence the interest rates that other banks charge customers. - Open market operations refer to the buying and selling of government securities by the central bank to influence the money supply and credit conditions. - Special deposits refer to the requirement by the central bank that commercial banks deposit a portion of their funds with the central bank, thereby reducing the amount of money they have available for lending. - Cash liquidity ratio refers to the percentage of cash reserves that banks are required to hold as a proportion of their deposits, which restricts the amount of money they have available for lending.
Question 42 Report
Rate of stock turnover is calculated to determine
Answer Details
The rate of stock turnover is calculated to determine the number of times goods are bought and sold within a particular period. It is a measure of how efficiently a company manages its inventory. It is calculated by dividing the cost of goods sold by the average inventory level during a specific period. A high turnover rate indicates that a company is efficiently managing its inventory, while a low turnover rate indicates that a company is not efficiently managing its inventory.
Question 43 Report
At what stage is acceptance of offer by post valid? When the letter is
Answer Details
Question 44 Report
When a company sells its shares to an issuing house which later sells to the public, it is called
Answer Details
Question 45 Report
The insurance policy against claims from customers who might be injured within the business premises is called
Answer Details
The insurance policy that protects a business against claims from customers who may be injured while on the business premises is called "Employers Liability Insurance". This insurance is important for businesses as it covers the costs of compensation for any employees who may become ill or injured while at work. Employers Liability Insurance protects businesses from financial losses due to legal action and compensation claims, and it is often a legal requirement for businesses to have this type of insurance in place.
Question 46 Report
Balance of trade is said to be favourable when
Answer Details
Balance of trade refers to the difference between a country's exports and imports of goods and services over a certain period of time. When a country's visible exports (physical goods) exceed its visible imports (physical goods), the balance of trade is said to be favorable. This means that the country is exporting more than it is importing, which can have a positive impact on the country's economy, as it can earn foreign exchange, create jobs, and stimulate economic growth.
Question 47 Report
A trader started business with #30,000 and spent #20,000 in buying premises and equipment, the balance of #10,000 is his
Answer Details
The trader's initial investment of #30,000 is called his capital. When he spent #20,000 on premises and equipment, this amount became part of his fixed capital, which refers to the long-term assets that a business owns and uses to generate income. The remaining #10,000 that he has after the purchase of fixed assets is his working capital. Working capital is the amount of capital that a business has available for day-to-day operations such as buying inventory, paying wages, and other expenses. Therefore, the trader's #10,000 is his working capital.
Question 48 Report
One way of importing goods without the use of foreign exchange is through
Answer Details
One way of importing goods without the use of foreign exchange is through counter trade. Counter trade is a type of international trade in which goods are exchanged for other goods or services, rather than using currency as a medium of exchange. Under counter trade, two parties agree to exchange goods of equal value, without any cash transaction. For example, a company in Nigeria may export agricultural produce to a company in China, in exchange for technology or machinery. In this way, the Nigerian company can obtain the technology or machinery it needs without having to pay for it in foreign currency. Counter trade is a common practice in countries with limited foreign exchange reserves or those facing foreign exchange shortages. It allows companies to bypass the need for foreign currency, making it easier to import goods and services that would otherwise be unaffordable. Therefore, "counter trade" is a way of importing goods without the use of foreign exchange. However, it is worth noting that counter trade can be complex and may involve risks such as quality control issues, exchange rate fluctuations, and difficulties in matching goods of equal value.
Question 49 Report
Which of the following is not a method of selling
Answer Details
"Stock control" is not a method of selling. Stock control is the process of managing the inventory or stock of a business to ensure that the right products are available in the right quantities at the right time. On the other hand, self-services, exhibition, mail order, and automatic vending are all methods of selling. - Self-service is a method of selling where customers help themselves to the products they want to buy without the assistance of a salesperson. - Exhibition is a method of selling where businesses showcase their products and services to potential customers at a public event. - Mail order is a method of selling where customers order products from a catalogue or website and have them delivered to their location. - Automatic vending is a method of selling where products are dispensed automatically from a vending machine when customers insert coins or bills or swipe a credit or debit card. Therefore, "stock control" is the option that is not a method of selling.
Question 50 Report
Which of the following is not a negotiable instrument?
Answer Details
An invoice is not a negotiable instrument. A negotiable instrument is a written document that represents an unconditional promise or order to pay a certain amount of money. These documents are legally binding and can be transferred from one person to another, like cash. Money orders, cheques, promissory notes, and bills of exchange are all examples of negotiable instruments. A money order is a document that orders a specific amount of money to be paid to a particular person or organization. A cheque is an order to pay a specific amount of money from one person or organization to another. A promissory note is a written promise to pay a specific amount of money at a certain time in the future. A bill of exchange is a written order to pay a specific amount of money at a specific time in the future. An invoice, on the other hand, is a document that shows the details of a transaction between a buyer and a seller, including the items purchased, quantities, and prices. It is not an order to pay a specific amount of money and is not transferable to another person. Therefore, an invoice is not a negotiable instrument.
Question 52 Report
An agency that is involved in moving goods or people from place to place for a fee is called
Answer Details
An agency that is involved in moving goods or people from one place to another for a fee is called a common carrier. Common carriers are businesses or individuals who transport goods or people for hire, such as airlines, trucking companies, and public transportation systems. They are required by law to provide their services to the general public without discrimination and are held to a higher standard of care and liability than other types of carriers. In simple terms, common carriers are like taxi drivers or delivery companies that transport people or goods from one place to another in exchange for money.
Question 53 Report
Speed is an important consideration for choice of a means of transport where goods are
Question 54 Report
The Third Party Motor Vehicle Insurance Policy covers damages
Answer Details
The Third Party Motor Vehicle Insurance Policy covers damages caused by the vehicle insured. When a vehicle is insured under the Third Party Motor Vehicle Insurance Policy, it means that the insurance company will provide coverage for damages that the vehicle may cause to third-party vehicles, properties, or individuals. This includes damages to other vehicles involved in an accident, as well as any injuries sustained by other drivers or passengers. However, the insurance policy does not provide coverage for damages to the insured vehicle. This means that if the insured vehicle is damaged due to an accident or any other reason, the policyholder will not be able to claim compensation from the insurance company. The policy is designed to protect third parties who may be affected by the insured vehicle, rather than the policyholder themselves. In summary, the Third Party Motor Vehicle Insurance Policy covers damages caused by the insured vehicle to third-party vehicles, properties, or individuals, but does not provide coverage for damages to the insured vehicle.
Question 56 Report
Gases are best transported
Answer Details
Gases are best transported through pipelines. This is because gases are highly compressible, and therefore require specialized transportation that can accommodate changes in volume without causing damage or leakage. Pipelines provide a safe and efficient means of transporting gases, as they are able to handle high pressures and can transport gases over long distances with minimal risk of leakage or loss. Additionally, pipelines are less expensive to operate and maintain compared to other modes of transportation, making them an attractive option for businesses and industries that require large quantities of gases for their operations.
Question 57 Report
The management of a company with a view to ending its operation is known as
Answer Details
The management of a company with a view to ending its operation is known as liquidation. It involves selling off all the assets of a company, paying off its debts, and distributing any remaining proceeds to shareholders. Liquidation is usually considered a last resort for companies that are unable to continue operations due to financial difficulties or other reasons. The process is overseen by a liquidator, who is responsible for ensuring that all creditors are paid off and any remaining funds are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stakes in the company.
Question 58 Report
Credit in business transaction is?
Answer Details
In business transactions, credit refers to a form of loan where a seller allows a buyer to purchase goods or services with an agreement to pay later. The buyer can use the goods or services immediately but pays the seller at a later date, usually with interest added to the original amount. Credit allows businesses to purchase goods or services without needing to pay for them immediately, helping to smooth out cash flow and potentially enabling businesses to purchase more expensive goods or services than they could afford to pay for upfront.
Question 59 Report
An association of small scale retailers formed to to encourage bulk buying from manufacturers is known as a
Question 60 Report
The time allowed for unloading and loading ships is referred to as
Answer Details
The time allowed for unloading and loading ships is referred to as "lay days". This term is commonly used in the shipping industry, specifically in the context of chartering ships. Lay days refer to the agreed-upon time period in which the charterer (i.e. the party who has hired the ship) has the right to load and unload cargo on the ship. The lay days are specified in the charter party agreement between the shipowner and the charterer, and the duration can vary depending on the agreement reached. The term "lay days" is used to describe the days when the ship is stationary in port waiting for cargo to be loaded or unloaded.
Question 61 Report
XYZ Ltd's total sales was #100,000. It had opening stock of #20,000 and closing stock of #22,000. It bought goods worth #80,000 and paid #2,000 for rent.
XYZ Ltd's Net Profit is
Answer Details
To calculate the net profit of XYZ Ltd, we need to subtract all the expenses from the total sales, taking into account the value of the opening and closing stock. The calculation is as follows: Total sales = #100,000 Cost of goods sold = Opening stock (#20,000) + Goods bought (#80,000) - Closing stock (#22,000) = #78,000 Gross profit = Total sales - Cost of goods sold = #22,000 Expenses = Rent (#2,000) Net profit = Gross profit - Expenses = #20,000 Therefore, the net profit of XYZ Ltd is #20,000.
Question 62 Report
Which of the following has no legal capacity to a contract
Answer Details
A minor has no legal capacity to a contract. A minor is a person who is under the age of majority and is considered not legally responsible for his or her actions in the eyes of the law. As a result, minors are not allowed to enter into contracts, as they are not considered legally competent to do so. This is because minors lack the legal capacity to understand the terms and implications of a contract, and therefore cannot be held legally liable for any breach of contract.
Question 63 Report
Gross profit is correctly ascertained by
Answer Details
Gross profit is the profit earned by a business before accounting for operating expenses such as rent, salaries, and taxes. To calculate gross profit, we need to subtract the cost of goods sold (COGS) from the total sales revenue. COGS is the cost incurred by a business to acquire or produce the goods sold. Therefore, the correct option to calculate gross profit is to subtract the cost of goods sold from sales. The other options mentioned are not accurate methods to calculate gross profit. Adding opening stock to purchases or adding closing stock to sales does not account for the actual cost of goods sold during the accounting period. Subtracting returns outwards from purchases or subtracting returns inwards from sales only accounts for the returns and not the total cost of goods sold.
Question 64 Report
A supplier who needs to make additional charges for goods delivered will send
Answer Details
A supplier who needs to make additional charges for goods delivered will send a "debit note". A debit note is a document used to notify a customer that they owe money to a supplier due to an underpayment, additional charges, or an error in a previous invoice. It is essentially the opposite of a credit note, which is used to notify a customer of a refund or credit to their account. Therefore, when a supplier needs to charge additional costs, they will send a debit note to the customer to request payment for the difference.
Question 65 Report
Which of the following is a disadvantage of road transport?
Question 66 Report
Cash-in-hand and at bank as well as debtors are examples of
Answer Details
Current assets are assets that are expected to be converted into cash within a year. Cash-in-hand, cash at bank, and debtors are all examples of current assets. Cash-in-hand and at bank are self-explanatory, while debtors are people or organizations that owe money to the business for goods or services sold on credit. Current assets are important to a business because they help to finance the day-to-day operations of the business.