JAMB UTME - Geography - 2023

Countries in the northern hemisphere experience shorter days and longer nights when the sun is overhead on the

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On June 21, the sun is overhead at the tropic of cancer, resulting in June or summer scistics

Which of the following is not a plantation crop?

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Rye is not a plantation crop. Plantation crops are large-scale crops that are grown specifically for commercial purposes, often on plantations or large farms. These crops are usually labor-intensive and require specialized farming techniques. Cocoa, oil palm, and rubber are all examples of plantation crops. Cocoa is the main ingredient in chocolate, oil palm produces palm oil used in various products, and rubber is used to make tires and other rubber products. On the other hand, rye is a grain crop that is typically grown in small to medium-sized farms. It is used primarily for making bread, whiskey, and animal feed. Unlike plantation crops, rye does not require extensive labor or specialized farming techniques. In summary, rye is not a plantation crop because it is grown on smaller farms and does not have the same commercial scale as crops like cocoa, oil palm, and rubber. These plantation crops have large-scale production and are used in various industries.

The type of agriculture in which water is conserved in a year so that crops can be grown in succeeding years by ploughing, mulching or harrowing is known as

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The type of agriculture described here is called dry farming.
Dry farming is a method of agriculture that focuses on conserving water in areas where water supply is limited. It is commonly used in regions with arid or semi-arid climates where rainfall is scarce and unreliable.
In dry farming, the goal is to maximize the use of available moisture in the soil and minimize water loss through evaporation. This is achieved through various practices such as ploughing, mulching, and harrowing.
Ploughing helps to break up the soil surface and create furrows or ridges, which helps to trap and retain moisture in the soil. This prevents excessive evaporation and allows the soil to hold water for a longer period of time.
Mulching involves covering the soil with a layer of organic materials such as straw, leaves, or crop residues. This helps to reduce evaporation by shading the soil surface and slows down moisture loss. Mulch also helps to improve soil structure, retain water, and suppress weed growth.
Harrowing is the process of loosening the top layer of soil after ploughing or planting. It helps to create a fine, crumbly soil structure that reduces water runoff and allows rain or irrigation water to penetrate deeper into the soil.
By practicing these techniques, dry farmers are able to conserve water and create favorable conditions for crop growth even in areas with limited rainfall. This allows them to sustain crop production in successive years without relying heavily on external sources of water.
In summary, dry farming is a method of agriculture that conserves water in arid or semi-arid regions by employing practices such as ploughing, mulching, and harrowing. These techniques help to retain moisture in the soil, reduce water loss, and enable crop production in successive years.

A block mountain is formed as a result of

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A block mountain is formed as a result of faulting, specifically a type of fault called a normal fault.
When the Earth's crust experiences stress, it can cause rocks to break along fault lines. In the case of a normal fault, the rocks on one side of the fault move downward relative to the rocks on the other side. This downward movement creates a step-like feature on the Earth's surface, with one side lower than the other. This step-like feature is what we call a block mountain.
As time goes on, the forces of erosion, such as wind, water, and glaciers, start to wear away at the block mountain. However, the harder and more resistant rocks that make up the mountain are less easily eroded compared to the softer surrounding rocks. This causes the block mountain to stand out even more as a prominent and elevated feature in the landscape.
So, to summarize, a block mountain is formed when the Earth's crust experiences faulting, specifically a normal fault. The downward movement of rocks on one side of the fault creates a step-like feature on the Earth's surface, which we call a block mountain. Erosion then works to shape and define the mountain's features over time.

"An open forest with evergreen, thick leathery leaves and woody stems with deep roots" is known as

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Mediterranean vegetation consists largely of broad-leaved evergreen shrubs having woody stems with thick roots.

The type of energy that is most environmentally friendly is

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The most environmentally friendly type of energy is solar energy. Solar energy refers to the energy that is derived from the sun's rays. Here's why solar energy is considered to be the most environmentally friendly option:
1. Renewable: Solar energy is a renewable source of energy. The sun is constantly shining, making solar energy an abundant and inexhaustible resource. As long as the sun exists, we will continue to have solar energy available to us.
2. Zero Emissions: Solar energy produces zero emissions during its operation. Unlike other energy sources like fossil fuels (such as coal or natural gas) that release harmful pollutants and greenhouse gases when burned, solar energy is clean and does not contribute to air pollution or climate change.
3. No Noise Pollution: Solar energy systems operate silently, unlike some other energy sources like thermal or nuclear power plants that can generate noise pollution. This makes solar energy a favorable option, particularly for residential areas.
4. Low Maintenance: Solar panels require minimal maintenance once installed. Regular cleaning to keep them free from dust and debris is usually sufficient. This reduces the need for ongoing maintenance and associated environmental impacts.
5. Modularity and Scalability: Solar energy systems can be easily scaled up or down depending on the energy requirements. They can range from small individual rooftop installations to vast solar farms. This flexibility makes solar energy a versatile option for different settings and energy demands.
6. Local Generation: Solar energy can be generated locally, reducing the need for extensive transmission networks and energy loss during distribution. Local generation can enhance energy independence, reduce reliance on centralized power systems, and result in more resilient and sustainable energy supply.
In conclusion, solar energy is the most environmentally friendly option due to its renewable nature, zero emissions, lack of noise pollution, low maintenance requirements, modularity and scalability, as well as its ability to generate energy locally. It is a sustainable and clean source of energy that has the potential to reduce our carbon footprint and mitigate the impacts of climate change.

The sun is vertically overhead at the tropic of Caprison in

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The sun is vertically overhead at the tropic of Capricorn on December 22nd. To understand why, we need to know a few things about the Earth's tilt and its movement around the sun. The Earth is tilted on its axis at an angle of about 23.5 degrees. This tilt is what gives us our seasons. During the year, the Earth moves around the sun in an elliptical path. On two specific days, called the solstices, the sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky. These are the days when the tilt of the Earth is most noticeable. On December 22nd, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun. This means that the sun appears lower in the sky and its rays are more spread out. Meanwhile, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun. This tilt causes the sun to appear higher in the sky and its rays to be more concentrated. The tropic of Capricorn is located at about 23.5 degrees south of the equator. On December 22nd, the sun is directly overhead at this latitude because the tilt of the Earth causes the sun's rays to be focused at that point. In summary, on December 22nd, the sun is directly overhead at the tropic of Capricorn because of the Earth's tilt and its position in its orbit around the sun.

Urban type of settlement is best described as

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An urban settlement is where displaced population settle within agglomeration such as a town or city. People are mainly involved in secondary and tertiary activities like manufacturing and construction. Additionally, dispersed settlement is one of the main types of settlement pattern used to classify rural settlement.

The land-use activities which can be considered responsible for soil erosion in the tropics are

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Industrial activities such as production, construction etc, monoculture and lumbering are responsible for erosion in the tropics

A slope is said to be even when the contours are

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A slope is said to be even when the contours are **equally placed**. This means that the contours are evenly spaced apart from each other. When the contours are evenly spaced, it indicates that the slope of the land is relatively consistent throughout the area. Imagine looking at a map or a cross-section of a hill or mountain. Contours are the lines on the map that connect points of the same elevation. They give us a visual representation of how steep or gentle the slope is at any given point. When the contours are evenly spaced, it means that the difference in elevation between each contour line is consistent. This indicates that the slope is gradual and not too steep. For example, if we have contour lines that are evenly spaced apart by 10 meters, it means that the slope of the land is changing by approximately 10 meters in height with each contour line. On the other hand, if the contours are irregularly spaced, it means that the slope is varying more dramatically. This can indicate areas of steep cliffs or sudden changes in elevation. In summary, an even slope is characterized by **equally placed** contours, indicating a gradual and consistent change in elevation.

The major crop grown in the El juf Basin of Mali is

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The major crop grown in the El Juf Basin of Mali is cotton. Cotton is a plant that is mainly grown for its fiber, which is used to make fabrics and textiles. The El Juf Basin in Mali has favorable conditions for growing cotton, such as a warm climate and fertile soil.
Cotton plants require a long growing season with plenty of sunshine and a moderate amount of rainfall. The El Juf Basin receives sufficient rainfall and has an irrigation system in place to ensure that the cotton plants are well-watered.
Cotton cultivation in the El Juf Basin provides a significant source of income for the local farmers and contributes to the economy of Mali. Cotton farms in this region employ many people and support the livelihoods of the local communities.
In summary, the major crop grown in the El Juf Basin of Mali is cotton due to its suitability to the region's climate and soil conditions.

A major function performed by rural settlement is

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**A major function performed by rural settlements is agriculture.** Rural settlements are areas where people live in small towns or villages, often located outside of cities. These settlements are mainly involved in agricultural activities, which means they are focused on farming and cultivating crops. Agriculture is an essential function of rural settlements because it provides food and other resources for the people living there. Farmers grow various crops such as wheat, rice, corn, and vegetables, which are then consumed by the community or sold to nearby towns and cities. In addition to crops, rural settlements may also have livestock like cows, sheep, or chickens, which provide meat, eggs, and dairy products. Agriculture is not only important for providing food, but it also contributes to the local economy. When farmers sell their products, it generates income for the community, allowing them to purchase other necessities and services. Furthermore, agriculture helps to sustain the environment in rural areas. Farmers often practice sustainable farming techniques, such as crop rotation and the use of organic fertilizers, to maintain soil fertility and prevent the depletion of natural resources. Overall, agriculture is a vital function of rural settlements as it supports the livelihoods of the residents, provides food and resources, contributes to the local economy, and helps sustain the environment.

Which of the following is associated with savanna vegetation?

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avannas represents the vast majority of the areas which are characterised by a layerof perenial herbaceous plants, such as sedges with varrying degree of scrubs

Which of the following distinguishes rotation from revolution?

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The statement that distinguishes rotation from revolution is that "The earth rotates on its axis while it revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit." Rotation refers to the spinning of an object around its own axis. In the case of the Earth, it rotates on an imaginary line called its axis. This rotation is responsible for various phenomena like the change between day and night. As the Earth rotates, different parts of it are exposed to the Sun's light, creating the cycle of day and night. Revolution, on the other hand, refers to the movement of an object around another object in space. In the case of the Earth, it revolves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit. This revolution takes approximately 365.25 days to complete, which gives us a year. So, to summarize, rotation refers to the spinning of an object on its axis, causing phenomena like day and night. Revolution refers to the movement of an object around another object in space, giving us the concept of a year.

When weathering occurs on hill slopes, rock debris usually pile up at the bottom of the hill slope to form

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When weathering occurs on hill slopes, the rock debris usually pile up at the bottom of the hill slope to form **scrree**. Scree is a deposition of loose rock fragments that have accumulated at the base of a steep slope or cliff. It is formed as a result of the continuous process of weathering, erosion, and gravity. Weathering is the breakdown of rocks by natural processes, such as wind, water, and temperature changes. This causes rocks to become smaller and more fragmented over time. Erosion is the process of transporting the fragmented rock material down the slope. Gravity plays a significant role in moving the loose rock fragments towards the bottom of the hill slope. As the weathered rock fragments accumulate at the base of the slope, they form a pile of loose debris called scree. Scree can range in size from small pebbles to larger rocks. It is usually found on steep slopes or cliffs where the force of gravity pulls the loose rock down and accumulates it at the bottom. In conclusion, when weathering occurs on hill slopes, the rock debris piles up at the bottom to form scree.

Jos plateau is an example of a

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Jos plateau is a Volcanic plateau . It possess volcanic features such as a dome, single vents and clusters of 3-4 cones aligned.

Which of the following is not true of the North Atlantic sea route?

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The North Atlantic sea route is the busiest sea route in the world. It links North America with Europe and Nigeria with Western Europe. Goods carried on this route do not include graius.

The highest concentration of industries in Nigeria is found in the

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The highest concentration of industries in Nigeria can be found in the Western zone. This region is also known as the Lagos-Ibadan Industrial Axis.
There are several reasons why the Western zone has the highest concentration of industries:
1. Proximity to Ports: The Western zone is close to major seaports, such as the Apapa Port in Lagos. This proximity allows for easier import and export of goods, reducing transportation costs for industries.
2. Infrastructure: The Western zone benefits from well-developed infrastructure, including good road networks, railways, and access to reliable power supply. These factors make it more conducive for industries to set up and operate efficiently.
3. Market Access: The Western zone has a large population, including the bustling city of Lagos, which provides a ready market for industries. The region serves as a major commercial hub, attracting businesses from various sectors.
4. Availability of Skilled Labor: The Western zone is home to several educational institutions, including universities and technical colleges. This abundance of institutions ensures a steady supply of skilled labor for industries in the region.
5. Government Support: The government has implemented policies and incentives to encourage industrial growth in the Western zone. These include tax incentives, subsidies, and initiatives such as the Lagos Free Trade Zone, which attracts both local and foreign investors.
In summary, the Western zone of Nigeria, specifically the Lagos-Ibadan industrial axis, has the highest concentration of industries due to its proximity to ports, well-developed infrastructure, access to market, availability of skilled labor, and government support. This region continues to attract businesses, driving economic growth and development in Nigeria.

The table above shows the temperature and rainfall distribution of station Z. Study and use it to answer the question.

What is the annual range of temperature for station Z

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The annual range of temperature is calculated by subtracting the lowest temperature of the year from the highest temperature of the year. From the table, the highest temperature is 32oC (in April) and the lowest is 22oC (in January). Therefore, the annual range of temperature is 32 - 22 = 10oC.

The main reason for which most manufacturing industries in West Africa are concentrated in cities and towns along the coast is that they have

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This is due to the fact that there is a large number of warehouses in these regions. These warehouses are storage facilities where the goods are kept prior or after shipping.

The table above shows the temperature and rainfall distribution of station Z. Study and use it to answer the question. Which month of the year has the highest temperature

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To determine which month of the year has the highest temperature in station Z, we should analyze the data given in the table.
Looking at the table, we can see that the **temperature values** are given in the column labeled "Temperature (°C)". We need to find the month with the highest temperature value.
By examining the temperature values for each month, we can observe the following:
- In **April**, the temperature is 27°C - In **May**, the temperature is 30°C - In **June**, the temperature is 32°C - In **August**, the temperature is 29°C
From this information, we can clearly see that the month with the **highest temperature** in station Z is **June**, with a temperature of **32°C**.
Therefore, the answer to the question is that **June** is the month of the year with the highest temperature in station Z, as evidenced by the table.

Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at

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Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at Abidjan. Abidjan is the largest and busiest port in West Africa, located in Cote d'Ivoire. It is strategically positioned along the Gulf of Guinea, making it an ideal gateway for trade in the region. Mali is a landlocked country, which means it does not have direct access to the sea. Therefore, to transport their goods internationally, Mali relies heavily on neighboring countries' ports. Among the given options, Abidjan is the closest and most accessible port for Mali. Abidjan offers excellent shipping facilities, infrastructure, and connections to major shipping lines. It has a well-developed road network that connects it to Mali and other landlocked Sahelian countries, making it a convenient and efficient route for transporting goods. In summary, due to its proximity, connectivity, and efficiency, the sea port at Abidjan is the most likely entry point for Mali's exports.

Quartz, fieldspar and mica are three principal mineral that can easily be seen in

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Quartz, feldspar, and mica are three principal minerals that can easily be seen in granite. Granite is a type of igneous rock, which means it is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten magma or lava. It is composed mainly of three minerals: quartz, feldspar, and mica. - **Quartz:** Quartz is a hard and durable mineral that is commonly found in granite. It appears as small or large grains and has a glassy or translucent appearance. It comes in different colors, including clear, white, pink, and gray. - **Feldspar:** Feldspar is the most abundant mineral in granite. It is a group of minerals that have a specific crystal structure. Feldspar can be recognized by its white, pink, or gray color. It often appears as large, elongated grains in granite. - **Mica:** Mica is another mineral commonly found in granite. It has a distinct layered structure and can be easily split into thin, flexible sheets. Mica is often shiny and comes in various colors such as brown, black, or green. When you look at granite, you may see specks or grains of quartz, larger grains of feldspar, and thin layers or flakes of mica. These minerals give granite its characteristic appearance and make it a popular choice for countertops, flooring, and construction materials. It's worth noting that while quartz, feldspar, and mica are the three principal minerals in granite, other minerals may also be present in smaller amounts. However, it is the abundance of these three minerals that gives granite its distinctive texture and appearance.

The sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa can be traced to all of the following except

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The sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa can be traced to all of the following except the concentration of industries.

1. Inter-ethnic war: Conflict between different ethnic groups can cause displacement and hinder population growth in the affected areas. It leads to a disruption in the social fabric and discourages people from settling in these regions.

2. Tsetse fly infestation: The presence of tsetse flies, which are carriers of the sleeping sickness disease, can greatly affect human habitation. These flies are notorious for their bites which can transmit the disease to humans and livestock. The presence of tsetse flies in the middle belt of West Africa makes it difficult for people to inhabit the area due to health risks.

3. Arab slave trade in the North: The Arab slave trade, which took place predominantly in North Africa, resulted in the forced migration and enslavement of many African populations. This historic slave trade did not have a direct impact on the sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa.

4. Concentration of industries: The concentration of industries usually leads to urbanization and increased population in certain areas. This option does not contribute to the sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa.

Therefore, the correct answer is that the sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa cannot be traced to the concentration of industries.

Which of the following rocks is produced by the solidification of magna within the earth crust

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The rock that is produced by the solidification of magma within the Earth's crust is called **plutonic rock**. Plutonic rocks are also known as intrusive rocks. Magma is molten rock that is found beneath the Earth's surface. When this magma cools down slowly, it solidifies and crystalizes within the Earth's crust, forming plutonic rocks. This slow cooling process allows for the formation of large mineral crystals within the rock. One key characteristic of plutonic rocks is that they have a coarse grain texture. This means that the mineral crystals within the rock are visible to the naked eye. Examples of plutonic rocks include granite, diorite, and gabbro. In contrast, **extrusive rocks** are formed from lava that cools quickly on the Earth's surface. When lava erupts from a volcano and cools rapidly, it forms extrusive rocks. These rocks, such as basalt and pumice, have a fine-grained texture because the fast cooling does not allow for the growth of large mineral crystals. On the other hand, **sedimentary rocks** are formed from the compaction and cementation of sediments (such as sand, silt, and clay) that have been deposited by water, wind, or ice. Sedimentary rocks, like sandstone and limestone, often contain fossils and layers. Lastly, **metamorphic rocks** are formed by the transformation of existing rocks due to high temperature and pressure deep within the Earth's crust. Examples of metamorphic rocks include marble and quartzite. To summarize, plutonic rocks are produced by the slow solidification of magma within the Earth's crust, resulting in coarse-grained rocks with visible mineral crystals.

Which of the following has the highest salinity?

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The Dead Sea has the highest salinity among the given options. Salinity refers to the amount of salt dissolved in water. In other words, it is a measure of the saltiness of the water. The Dead Sea is located between Israel and Jordan, and it is actually not a sea but a saltwater lake. What makes the Dead Sea unique is its extremely high salt concentration. The water in the Dead Sea is about 10 times saltier than sea water. There are several reasons why the Dead Sea has such high salinity. Firstly, it is located in a region with a very hot and dry climate, which means that water evaporates quickly. As the water evaporates, the salt gets left behind, increasing the overall concentration of salt in the lake. Secondly, the Dead Sea is landlocked, which means it does not have an outlet or a flow of water that can dilute the salt concentration. Unlike the Mediterranean Sea or the Red Sea, which are connected to the global ocean system, the Dead Sea is a closed basin. As a result, the salt that enters the lake stays there and continues to accumulate over time. Lastly, the Dead Sea region is known for its rich mineral deposits, including salts. These minerals get washed into the lake through rivers and streams, further contributing to the high salinity of the water. In summary, the Dead Sea has the highest salinity among the given options due to its evaporation, lack of connection to the global ocean system, and the presence of mineral deposits. This high salinity creates a unique environment where floating becomes effortless and leads to the formation of salt crystals along the shores.

Nigeria major export commodity is

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Nigeria's biggest export is crude oil, a commodity that represents over three-quaters(78.7%) of its total exported goods by value.

Which of the following is not a problem militating against political and economic integration in West Africa?

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Political and economic integration can be hindered by powerful colonial ties, religion and political instability but currency should not be an obstacle because there should be an established exchange rate.

Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at

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Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at Abidjan. Abidjan is the **largest port in West Africa** and is strategically located on the Gulf of Guinea. It has extensive infrastructure, including deep-water berths and modern cargo handling equipment, making it capable of handling large volumes of goods. Mali is a landlocked country, meaning it does not have direct access to the sea. Therefore, to export its goods, Mali needs to rely on neighboring countries with access to the sea. Abidjan, located in Ivory Coast, is the **most convenient sea port for Mali**. It is relatively close in proximity to Mali and has well-developed road and rail connections, making it an ideal choice for transporting goods from Mali to the port. Furthermore, Abidjan offers a wide range of services to facilitate trade, including customs clearance, storage facilities, and efficient cargo handling. It is also a hub for international shipping, with connections to various ports worldwide, enabling Mali to access global markets for its exports. In summary, due to its geographical proximity, well-developed infrastructure, and convenient transportation links, exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at Abidjan.

A tremendous pressure or temperature change may lead to the formation of

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Gnesis is a metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks which have been changed as a result of great heat and pressure

The part of the earth crust covered by water bodies is known as the

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The part of the earth's crust covered by water bodies is known as the hydrosphere. The hydrosphere includes all the water on Earth, including oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, and even groundwater and atmospheric water vapor.
The hydrosphere plays a crucial role in supporting life on Earth. It provides habitats for a wide range of organisms and helps regulate the planet's climate. The hydrosphere is also a vital source of freshwater, which is essential for drinking, agriculture, and various other human activities.
The term "sial" refers to the upper part of the earth's crust, which is made up of lighter rocks like granite and makes up the continents. Therefore, it is not the correct answer for this question.
The stratosphere, on the other hand, is a layer of the Earth's atmosphere located above the troposphere. It extends from about 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) to 50 kilometers (31 miles) above the Earth's surface. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, which helps protect the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation. However, it is not related to the crust or water bodies, so it is not the correct answer either.
In summary, the correct answer is the hydrosphere, which refers to the part of the Earth's crust covered by water bodies.

Soil erosion by action of rain can be caused by all of the following except

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Soil erosion by rain can occur when the force of raindrops and the resulting surface runoff remove the top layer of soil. This process can be harmful and lead to the loss of fertile soil needed for growing crops and plant growth. There are several factors that can contribute to soil erosion by rain, but one of the options mentioned does not cause it. Let's analyze each option:

Tropical rainstorms: Tropical rainstorms are often associated with heavy rainfall and intense precipitation. The large amount of rainwater can create powerful runoff that can wash away soil particles and contribute to erosion. Therefore, tropical rainstorms can indeed cause soil erosion by rain.

Scanty vegetation: Vegetation, such as plants and trees, plays a crucial role in preventing soil erosion. The roots of plants help hold the soil together, reducing the impact of raindrops and preventing excessive runoff. When vegetation is sparse or absent, there are no roots to anchor the soil, making it more vulnerable to erosion. So, scanty vegetation can contribute to soil erosion by rain.

Steep slopes: Steep slopes can accelerate the process of soil erosion by rain. When rainwater flows down a steep slope, it gains momentum and power, increasing the force with which it hits the soil. This force can dislodge soil particles and carry them away, leading to erosion. Therefore, steep slopes can cause soil erosion by rain.

Aridity: Aridity refers to dryness or a lack of moisture. In arid regions, rainfall is limited, and the soil may be dry and less prone to erosion caused by rain. The lack of significant rainfall reduces the chances of soil particles being dislodged by raindrops or carried away by runoff, making aridity a factor that does not cause soil erosion by rain.

In conclusion, all the options except aridity can contribute to soil erosion by rain. Tropical rainstorms, scanty vegetation, and steep slopes can all increase the likelihood of soil erosion. However, in arid regions where there is a lack of moisture, the risk of soil erosion caused by rain is reduced.

Which of the following is a major boost of tourism?

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A major boost of tourism is adequate publicity about natural scenery.

When there is adequate publicity about natural scenery, it creates awareness among tourists about the beauty and uniqueness of a particular destination. This can include stunning landscapes, national parks, wildlife reserves, breathtaking mountains, pristine beaches, or iconic landmarks.

Such publicity can be done through various means, including travel websites, social media platforms, travel documentaries, brochures, and advertisements. When potential visitors see and hear about the natural beauty of a place, it increases their desire to visit and explore it.

This publicity helps to attract tourists from different parts of the world who are eager to experience and appreciate the wonders of nature. Tourists are motivated to visit new places they have heard about and seen pictures of, and this results in a boost in tourism.

When tourists visit a destination, they contribute to the local economy by spending money on accommodation, food, transportation, souvenirs, and various activities. This spending stimulates economic growth and development in the area.

Furthermore, tourism also promotes cultural exchange and understanding between different regions and people. Visitors have the opportunity to learn about different cultures, traditions, and ways of life, while locals get to interact with and learn from tourists as well.

In summary, adequate publicity about natural scenery plays a major role in boosting tourism by attracting tourists and stimulating economic growth. It helps generate interest and curiosity among potential visitors, leading them to explore and appreciate the beauty of various destinations.

Which of the following is a feature of heavy industries?

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A feature of heavy industries is that they are capital-intensive. This means that they require a significant amount of investment in machinery, equipment, and infrastructure to operate efficiently. Unlike light industries, which typically involve smaller-scale operations, heavy industries involve large factories or plants that are designed to produce goods on a larger scale. The term "heavy" in heavy industries refers to the nature of the products being manufactured, such as machinery, steel, chemicals, and automobiles. These products often require heavy machinery and specialized equipment to produce. Due to their large-scale operations and the need for substantial capital investment, heavy industries usually have a longer payback period for their investments. Some examples of heavy industries include manufacturing plants for automobiles, oil refineries, steel mills, and chemical production facilities. These industries usually have a higher production capacity and require a significant amount of resources and manpower to operate. In summary, heavy industries are characterized by their capital-intensive nature, large-scale operations, and production of goods that require heavy machinery. These industries play a crucial role in the economy by producing essential products and contributing to employment opportunities.

The instrument used to measure relative humidity is called

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The instrument used to measure relative humidity is called a hygrometer.
A hygrometer is a device that helps us determine the amount of moisture or water vapor present in the air. It measures the relative humidity, which is the percentage of moisture in the air compared to the maximum amount of moisture the air can hold at a given temperature.
There are different types of hygrometers, but one common type is the "dry and wet bulb" hygrometer. It consists of two thermometers: one thermometer with a dry bulb and another with a wet bulb.
To measure relative humidity, the wet bulb thermometer is wrapped with a moistened cloth. As the moisture on the cloth evaporates, it causes the wet bulb temperature to decrease. The dry bulb thermometer remains unaffected.
By comparing the temperatures of the dry and wet bulbs, we can calculate the relative humidity using a formula. The difference between the two temperatures helps us understand how much moisture is in the air.
So, in summary, a hygrometer is used to measure relative humidity by comparing the temperatures of a dry bulb and a wet bulb thermometer. It helps us understand how much water vapor is present in the air.

The instrument used to measure the duration of sunshine is the

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The instrument used to measure the duration of sunshine is called the **campbell-stokes recorder**. This instrument is specifically designed to measure the amount of sunlight received at a particular location over a given period of time. The campbell-stokes recorder consists of a glass sphere that is mounted in a metal frame. This sphere acts as a lens, focusing the sunlight onto a specially designed card or paper underneath. The card or paper is positioned in such a way that it is slightly above the focal point of the lens. When sunlight passes through the lens and focuses on the card, it causes the card to heat up. As a result, a burn mark or a scorch is left on the card. By measuring the length of the burn mark, we can determine the duration of sunshine. The campbell-stokes recorder is widely used in meteorology and climatology to monitor and document the amount of sunshine received in a given area. It is a simple and effective instrument that provides valuable data for studying weather patterns, climate change, and solar energy potential. In conclusion, the instrument used to measure the duration of sunshine is the campbell-stokes recorder, which uses a glass sphere to focus sunlight onto a card or paper and measures the length of the resulting burn mark.

What is the temperature around an aeroplane flying at an altitude of 4000metres if the temperature on the earth's surface is 40ºc $\mathrm{<br>}$?

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Lapse rate is simply described as 0.65°C per 100m of ascent or 6.5ºC per 1000m of ascent.
Therefore 4000m of ascent= 6.5ºC x 4000m/1000m=26.0ºC
Then, the temperature around the aeroplane is = 40ºC - 26ºC = 14°C

The dam which is not used in Gezira is the

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Jebal Azula is a dam which is not used in Gezira scheme

Which of the following is not correct about the great circle?

Answer Details

A great circle is a type of circle that can be formed on the Earth's surface. It is called "great" because it has the same radius as the Earth. Let's go through each statement and determine which one is not correct: 1. The statement says that the Equator is a Great Circle among the latitudes. This statement is **correct**. The Equator is indeed a great circle because it is a circle that cuts the Earth in half, dividing it into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. 2. The statement says that the Greenwich Meridian and the International Date Line are the only lines of latitude forming a Great Circle. This statement is **not correct**. The Greenwich Meridian and the International Date Line are not lines of latitude; they are lines of longitude. A great circle can be formed by any line of latitude, not just the Greenwich Meridian and the International Date Line. 3. The statement says that the Great Circle divides the Earth into two equal spheres. This statement is **not correct**. The Great Circle does divide the Earth, but not into equal spheres. Instead, it divides the Earth into two hemispheres, which are halves of the Earth. 4. The statement says that the center of the Great Circle is also the center of the Earth. This statement is **not correct**. The center of a great circle does not necessarily coincide with the center of the Earth. The center of a great circle is simply the midpoint of the circle, which can be anywhere on the Earth's surface. To summarize: - Statement 1 is correct. - Statement 2 is not correct. - Statement 3 is not correct. - Statement 4 is not correct. Therefore, the statement that is not correct about the great circle is statement 2, which claims that the Greenwich Meridian and the International Date Line are the only lines of latitude forming a Great Circle.

Which of the following sources of power supply is renewable?

Answer Details

Solar energy is the energy gotten from the sun. The sun is the largest (star and its also the ultimate source of light and energy to all the planets. Coal, gas and Nuclear energy are hot renewable(i.e they cannot be reused when exhausted)