one economic implication of over-population is that it

Over-population can lead to a fall in per capita income. This is because over-population leads to an increase in the labor supply, which in turn leads to a decrease in wages. As a result, individuals have less disposable income to spend on goods and services. This leads to a decrease in the demand for goods and services, and ultimately, a fall in per capita income. Additionally, over-population can lead to an increase in competition for resources, such as housing and food, which can further reduce individuals' purchasing power and contribute to a decrease in per capita income.