The Casablanca group in the formation of the OAU was known as

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During the formation of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) in the early 1960s, African leaders were divided into two main ideological blocs regarding the approach to African unity. The Casablanca group was known for its radicalism.

The Casablanca group, which met in Casablanca, Morocco, in January 1961, advocated for an immediate political union of all African states into a single continental government. This radical position called for the rapid surrendering of national sovereignty in favour of a unified African federation. Key members included Ghana (under Kwame Nkrumah), Guinea (under Sekou Toure), Mali, Egypt (under Gamal Abdel Nasser), Morocco, Libya, and the Algerian Provisional Government.

The opposing Monrovia group, which included Nigeria, Liberia, and most Francophone African states, took a more moderate and gradualist approach. They preferred cooperation among sovereign states without sacrificing national sovereignty, favouring functional integration through economic and cultural ties rather than immediate political unification.

The OAU, established in Addis Ababa in May 1963, ultimately represented a compromise between these two positions, though its charter leaned more towards the Monrovia group's emphasis on sovereign equality and non-interference.