Who is regarded as the father of Communism?

Karl Marx is regarded as the father of Communism. Marx was a German philosopher, economist, and political theorist who developed the idea of Communism, which is a political and economic system that advocates for the abolition of private property and a classless society. Marx believed that the history of society was characterized by class struggles between the bourgeoisie (the owners of the means of production) and the proletariat (the working class), and that the only way to achieve true equality was through a socialist revolution that would overthrow the bourgeoisie and establish a socialist state. His ideas were influential in the development of many Communist movements around the world. The other options listed are not considered the father of Communism, as they were not associated with the development of Marxist theory or the Communist movement.