Study Specimen G and H carefully them to answer question 2 (a) to 2(c). (a) (i) Name the phylum of specimens G and H. (ii) State two reasons for the answer ...
Study Specimen G and H carefully them to answer question 2 (a) to 2(c).
(a) (i) Name the phylum of specimens G and H.
(ii) State two reasons for the answer given in 2 (a)(i).
(b) Name the structures on specimen G and H that are used for defense.
(c)(i) State two habitat of each of specimen G and H. (i) State two ways in which each of specimen G and H are of economic importance.
Study specimen M, N and P carefully and use them to answer question 2 (d) and 2 (e).
(d) (i) Name the class of organisms to which each of the specimen M, N and P are associated. (ii) State one function common to the specimen named in 2 (d)(i).
(iii) In a tabular form, State four observable difference between specimen M and P.
(e) Explain three features of biological importance in Specimen M.
(a)(i) Phylum of specimens G and H: Arthropoda.
(a)(ii) Two reasons: presence of jointed legs (appendages) and a chitinous exoskeleton; the body is also segmented and bilaterally symmetrical.
(b) Structures used for defence:
G (honey bee): the sting (modified ovipositor).
H (termite): the strong, biting mandibles (jaws).
(c)(i) Two habitats of each
G (honey bee): the hive and flowering plants/gardens.
H (termite): the termitarium (anthill/mound) and soil, old logs or timber of wooden buildings.
(c)(ii) Two ways each is of economic importance
G (honey bee): it pollinates flowers and produces honey and wax; bee-keeping is also a source of income.
H (termite): it aids soil aeration and water penetration by tunnelling, but it also destroys wood, furniture, books and crops.
(d)(i) Class of each specimen
Specimen
Class
M (quill feather)
Aves
N (fish scale)
Osteichthyes
P (mammalian skin with hair)
Mammalia
(d)(ii) One function common to specimens M, N and P: they all form a body covering that protects the organism against mechanical injury and desiccation.
(d)(iii) Four observable differences between M and P
Specimen M (quill feather)
Specimen P (mammalian skin with hair)
Possesses a shaft (rachis) and quill (calamus)
No shaft or quill
Possesses barbs forming a vane
No barbs; bears hair/fur
Hard in texture when touched
Soft in texture when touched
Covering restricted to certain parts of the feather
Hair/fur covers the whole surface of the specimen
(e) Three features of biological importance in specimen M (feather)
The broad, flat vane provides a large air-tight surface for flapping and lift during flight.
The centrally placed rachis (shaft) provides a firm point of attachment for the barbs and strengthens the feather.
The overlapping arrangement of feathers over the body keeps the bird warm (insulation), is waterproof and gives a smooth, low-resistance surface for flight.
(a)(ii) Two reasons: presence of jointed legs (appendages) and a chitinous exoskeleton; the body is also segmented and bilaterally symmetrical.
(b) Structures used for defence:
G (honey bee): the sting (modified ovipositor).
H (termite): the strong, biting mandibles (jaws).
(c)(i) Two habitats of each
G (honey bee): the hive and flowering plants/gardens.
H (termite): the termitarium (anthill/mound) and soil, old logs or timber of wooden buildings.
(c)(ii) Two ways each is of economic importance
G (honey bee): it pollinates flowers and produces honey and wax; bee-keeping is also a source of income.
H (termite): it aids soil aeration and water penetration by tunnelling, but it also destroys wood, furniture, books and crops.
(d)(i) Class of each specimen
Specimen
Class
M (quill feather)
Aves
N (fish scale)
Osteichthyes
P (mammalian skin with hair)
Mammalia
(d)(ii) One function common to specimens M, N and P: they all form a body covering that protects the organism against mechanical injury and desiccation.
(d)(iii) Four observable differences between M and P
Specimen M (quill feather)
Specimen P (mammalian skin with hair)
Possesses a shaft (rachis) and quill (calamus)
No shaft or quill
Possesses barbs forming a vane
No barbs; bears hair/fur
Hard in texture when touched
Soft in texture when touched
Covering restricted to certain parts of the feather
Hair/fur covers the whole surface of the specimen
(e) Three features of biological importance in specimen M (feather)
The broad, flat vane provides a large air-tight surface for flapping and lift during flight.
The centrally placed rachis (shaft) provides a firm point of attachment for the barbs and strengthens the feather.
The overlapping arrangement of feathers over the body keeps the bird warm (insulation), is waterproof and gives a smooth, low-resistance surface for flight.
