(a) Define programming language. (b) Write the 5 following mathematical expressions in BASIC notation: (i) x (w + y)\(^2\) (ii) ab/cd (ii) p = 2 (1+b). (c) ...

(a) Definition of programming language

A programming language is a set of symbols, words and grammatical rules (syntax) used to write instructions that a computer can understand and carry out to solve a problem. Examples are BASIC, C, Java and Python.

(b) The expressions in BASIC notation

• (i) \(x(w + y)^2\) is written as X * (W + Y) ^ 2
• (ii) \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) is written as (A * B) / (C * D)
• (iii) \(p = 2(1 + b)\) is written as P = 2 * (1 + B)

(c) BASIC program to calculate the area (A) of a rectangle

The area of a rectangle is length multiplied by breadth, \(A = l \times b\).

10 REM PROGRAM TO FIND AREA OF A RECTANGLE
20 INPUT "ENTER LENGTH"; L
30 INPUT "ENTER BREADTH"; B
40 A = L * B
50 PRINT "AREA OF RECTANGLE = "; A
60 END

(d) Two levels of programming language

1. Low-level language (machine language and assembly language).
2. High-level language (such as BASIC, C, Java and Python).