The tribe of Quraysh is mentioned in the surah that bears their name: Surah Quraysh (Chapter 106). This is a short surah of four verses that specifically addresses the Quraysh tribe and their blessings from Allah.
Surah Quraysh reads: "For the accustomed security of the Quraysh - Their accustomed security [in] the caravan of winter and summer - Let them worship the Lord of this House, Who has fed them, [saving them] from hunger and made them safe, [saving them] from fear" (106:1-4). The surah reminds the Quraysh of the favours Allah bestowed upon them, particularly their safe trade caravans that travelled to Yemen in winter and to Syria (Ash-Sham) in summer, and calls them to worship the Lord of the Ka'bah in gratitude.
The Quraysh were the dominant tribe in Makkah and the custodians of the Ka'bah. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) himself belonged to the Quraysh tribe, specifically the clan of Banu Hashim.
Surah Al-Fil (Chapter 105) is closely related as it describes the destruction of the army of Abraha who tried to destroy the Ka'bah, but it does not name the Quraysh. Al-Asr (Chapter 103) deals with the concept of time and loss. Al-Kauthar (Chapter 108) speaks of the abundance given to the Prophet.