Which Prophet is known for his wisdom and ability to judge fairly?

Prophet Dawud (David, peace be upon him) is the Prophet known in the Qur'an for his exceptional wisdom and ability to judge fairly. Allah specifically states in Surah Sad (38:20): "And We strengthened his kingdom and gave him wisdom (hikmah) and decisive speech (fasl al-khitab)." The phrase "fasl al-khitab" means the ability to pass clear, fair, and decisive judgments - a quality essential for a just ruler.

Dawud served as both a prophet and a king over the Israelites. The Qur'an describes instances where he judged disputes, including the famous case in Surah Sad (38:21-26) involving two disputants who came to him about a flock of sheep, through which he was tested and subsequently reminded to judge with justice. He was also granted the Psalms (Zabur), a melodious voice that caused mountains and birds to glorify Allah alongside him, and the ability to soften iron with his bare hands.

The other Prophets had different distinguishing attributes. Ibrahim (Abraham) is known as Khalilullah (the Friend of Allah) and the father of monotheism. Yunus (Jonah) is known for his story with the whale. Idris (Enoch) is noted for being raised to a high station.