(a) what is communalism (b) state four difference... | WAEC SSCE - Government - 2018 (Essay)

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(a) what is communalism

(b) state four difference between feudalism and communalism.

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(a) Meaning of communalism

Communalism is a pre-colonial and pre-capitalist system of social and economic organisation in which the means of production (land, forests, rivers, hunting and grazing grounds) are owned collectively by the whole community rather than by individuals. Everyone works according to ability, the products of labour are shared according to need, and there is no exploitation of one person by another because there are no private owners of the means of production and no distinct social classes.

(b) Four differences between feudalism and communalism

Communalism	Feudalism
The means of production, especially land, are owned collectively by the whole community.	Land, the chief means of production, is owned privately by lords, kings and the nobility.
There are no social classes; society is relatively equal.	Society is divided into distinct classes: the landowning lords and the landless serfs or peasants.
There is no exploitation of man by man; products are shared according to need.	The serfs are exploited; they render forced labour, rent, tributes and homage to the feudal lord.
Production is mainly for subsistence and communal consumption, not for profit.	Production yields a surplus that is appropriated by the lords, giving rise to accumulation of wealth.

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(a) what is communalism (b) state four difference between feudalism and communalism.

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