(a). Define a constituency (b). Highlight any four merits of the singular member constituency.

(a) Definition of a constituency

A constituency is a geographical or territorial area, with a defined population, into which a country is divided for the purpose of electing a representative or representatives into a legislative body. The people living in that area are the constituents who elect and are represented by the member.

(b) Four merits of the single-member constituency

1. Close representative-constituent relationship: Because only one person represents the area, the electorate know their representative personally and can hold him directly accountable.
2. Simplicity: The voter has to choose only one candidate, so the ballot is simple and easy to understand, reducing invalid votes among a largely illiterate electorate.
3. Easy and cheap to conduct/manage: Small single-member areas are easier and less expensive to administer, and results are quickly collated.
4. It produces a stable government: The system usually gives the winning party a clear working majority in the legislature, promoting strong and stable government.

(Others: it encourages a two-party system and makes it easy for the representative to know the needs of the area.)