(a) List and explain two factors that limit the application of division of labour. (b) Enumerate two disadvantages of division of labour. (c) Discuss five a...

Answer Details

(a) Two factors that limit the application of division of labour

1. Size of the market: Division of labour can only be extensive where the market is large; a small market cannot absorb the large output, so specialisation is limited.
2. Nature of the work or product: Some tasks, such as artistic or professional work, cannot be split into separate stages, which limits how far labour can be divided.

(b) Two disadvantages of division of labour

1. Monotony (boredom): Repeating the same task all day makes work dull and reduces the worker's interest and initiative.
2. Risk of unemployment: An over-specialised worker finds it hard to change jobs if his particular task is no longer needed.

(c) Five advantages of division of labour

1. Increased output: Concentration on one task raises the total quantity produced.
2. Greater skill: Constant repetition makes the worker highly skilled and efficient at his task.
3. Saving of time: Time is not wasted moving from one job to another, so work is faster.
4. Better quality of goods: Specialised, skilled workers produce work of higher and more uniform quality.
5. Encourages use of machinery: Breaking work into simple stages makes it easy to introduce machines, lowering costs.