(a) Explain de-concentration of power (b) Outline any five importance of decentralization

(a) De-concentration of power

De-concentration is a form of administrative decentralisation in which the central government transfers some of its functions and personnel to its own field or branch offices in the regions or localities, while retaining full authority and control over them. The local officials merely carry out central directives; they take no independent decisions and are answerable to the centre. It is therefore delegation within a single administrative hierarchy, not a genuine devolution of power.

(b) Importance of decentralisation

1. Brings government closer to the people. Local units can quickly attend to the needs and problems of their communities.
2. Reduces the burden on central government. Local matters are handled locally, freeing the centre to concentrate on national issues.
3. Encourages popular participation. Citizens take part in the administration of their own areas, deepening democracy.
4. Speeds up administration. Decisions are taken on the spot without waiting for approval from a distant capital.
5. Provides political education and leadership training. Local administration trains citizens for higher political responsibility.
6. Promotes even development. Local units can develop their areas according to local priorities and resources.