A local archive holds plans for the Badshahi Mosque and notes on Aurangzeb's rule. The plans show the scale of a major Muslim building in Lahore, while the ...
Question 1 Report
A local archive holds plans for the Badshahi Mosque and notes on Aurangzeb's rule. The plans show the scale of a major Muslim building in Lahore, while the notes mention the restoration of jizya and long wars in the Deccan. An investigation asks whether Aurangzeb's commitment to Islamic law was the main reason for the later weakness of the Mughal state.
(a) Identify the tax restored by Aurangzeb on non-Muslims. [1]
(b) Explain two reasons why Aurangzeb's Deccan campaigns placed pressure on the empire. [2]
(c) Assess the statement that Aurangzeb's religious policies were the main cause of Mughal decline. [3]
Answer Details
(a) Jizya [1] (b) Any two: wars lasted many years [1]; armies were expensive to supply [1]; the emperor was far from the northern centre of government [1]; conflict encouraged opposition from Deccan powers [1] (c) Religious policies alienated some Hindu and Sikh groups and could increase resistance [1]; however, long Deccan wars drained money and troops [1]; weak successors and rivalry among nobles also contributed, so religion was not the only or necessarily main cause [1]
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