The diagram in Fig. 1 shows the stages of a cotton T-shirt supply chain studied by a geography class. Cotton is grown in India, fabric is made in China, gar...
Question 1 Report
The diagram in Fig. 1 shows the stages of a cotton T-shirt supply chain studied by a geography class. Cotton is grown in India, fabric is made in China, garments are stitched in Bangladesh and the finished T-shirts are sold in shops in the United Kingdom. Arrows show the movement of materials and products between countries.
(a) State the term used for a company that operates production in more than one country. [1]
(b) State two reasons why a clothing company may choose Bangladesh for garment assembly. [2]
(c) Explain one way in which this global supply chain can benefit Bangladesh. [2]
At a former steelworks in northern England, a local study recorded land use after the works closed. Fig. 1 is an artist's diagram of the redevelopment. It shows a business park, apartments, a training centre, landscaped open space and a restored canal. The council used public and private investment to reduce the effects of deindustrialisation in the area.
(a) State what is meant by deindustrialisation. [1]
(b) State two social problems that may occur when a major employer closes. [2]
(c) Suggest two reasons why the redevelopment shown in Fig. 1 may attract new businesses. [2]
Answer Details
Cotton T-shirt supply chain
- (a) A company operating production in more than one country is a transnational corporation, also called a TNC or multinational company. [1]
- (b) Bangladesh may be chosen because labour costs are lower and there is a large labour force. Garment-making skills, lower taxes or regulations, and established factories and export links are also valid. [2]
- (c) Garment factories employ workers, giving households an income. This can improve living standards through spending on necessities, while exports can earn foreign currency and workers can gain skills. One explained benefit is required. [2]
Deindustrialisation and redevelopment
- (a) Deindustrialisation is the decline of manufacturing industry, including the loss of industrial factories and jobs. [1]
- (b) Closure of a major employer can cause unemployment and lower incomes. Poverty, out-migration, stress or ill health, derelict buildings, and reduced spending in local shops are also valid. [2]
- (c) The redevelopment offers purpose-built offices or business units and a training centre that can provide skilled workers. Landscaped open space and the restored canal improve the area’s image, while road access helps travel and deliveries. Any two. [2]
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