The table below shows results from a study of three shrub species in the Negev hot desert. Fig. 1 shows one shrub with a long root system and small leaves. ...
Question 1 Report
The table below shows results from a study of three shrub species in the Negev hot desert. Fig. 1 shows one shrub with a long root system and small leaves. Scientists are investigating adaptations that allow vegetation to survive where rainfall is unreliable and evaporation is high.
| Shrub species | Mean root depth (m) | Mean leaf area (cm2) |
|---|---|---|
| A | 6.8 | 1.2 |
| B | 2.4 | 5.6 |
| C | 1.1 | 9.3 |
(a) Which species has the deepest mean roots? [1]
(b) Outline how deep roots help a desert plant survive. [2]
(c) Draw and label two leaf features on Fig. 1 that could reduce water loss. [2]
(d) Outline one limitation of using only the data in Table 1 to decide which shrub is best adapted to the hot desert. [2]
Answer Details
(a) Species A [1] (b) Roots reach water stored deep underground [1]; plant can take up water during long dry periods [1]. (c) Any two correctly drawn and labelled: small leaves [1]; waxy cuticle [1]; hairs [1]; rolled leaves [1]; fewer stomata/sunken stomata [1]. Maximum [2] (d) Any two: only three species studied [1]; no rainfall/soil/water-use data [1]; mean values hide variation [1]; adaptation also depends on factors other than root depth and leaf area [1]. Maximum [2]
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