Fig. 1 shows a mock police interview room used in a study of eyewitness memory for a staged bag theft. Interviewer A asks the witness to report everything, ...

(a) Cognitive interview [1]; specifically the report-everything instruction [1] (b) Any four from: the IV is the interview method/type of questioning [1]; the DV is number of correct and/or incorrect details recalled [1]; the same staged theft can be shown to all participants [1]; the same interview room can be used [1]; the same time delay before interview can be used [1]; participants can be randomly allocated to interviewer condition [1]; instructions can be standardised apart from the IV [1] (c) Any four from: report everything encourages the witness to state all details, including apparently minor ones [1]; small details may cue related memories [1]; it reduces the chance that the interviewer decides which details are important [1]; open recall is less leading than specific suggestive questions [1]; this reduces misleading post-event information [1]; the cognitive interview is designed to provide retrieval support rather than impose information [1] (d) Any seven from: a staged theft is less emotionally serious than a real crime [1]; participants may not experience genuine fear/stress [1]; therefore their attention and memory may differ from real witnesses [1]; they may guess that they are in a study [1]; demand characteristics may cause unusually careful recall [1]; this lowers ecological validity [1]; however, staging allows the researcher to know exactly what happened [1]; so correct and incorrect details can be measured accurately [1]; it also permits standardised conditions [1]