Fig. 1 shows electron-shell diagrams prepared for a lesson on noble gases. Table 1 lists the number of electrons in atoms of helium, neon and argon. The tea...
Question 1 Report
Fig. 1 shows electron-shell diagrams prepared for a lesson on noble gases. Table 1 lists the number of electrons in atoms of helium, neon and argon. The teacher asks the class to use the diagrams to predict their chemical behaviour.
| element | number of electrons | period number |
|---|---|---|
| helium | 2 | 1 |
| neon | 10 | 2 |
| argon | 18 | 3 |
(a) Name the group containing neon. [1]
(b) What does the period number tell you about an atom? [1]
(c) Give one reason why argon is unreactive. [1]
(d) Complete the name of the element with 2 electrons: ______. [1]
The table below shows results from a student who added equal-sized pieces of magnesium, calcium and iron to separate samples of dilute acid. Fig. 1 shows the order of these metals in the student’s reactivity series. The volume of hydrogen was measured after 60 s.
| metal | volume of hydrogen after 60 s / cm3 |
|---|---|
| calcium | 48 |
| magnesium | 31 |
| iron | 4 |
(a) What gas is collected in this reaction? [1]
(b) Use Table 1 to name the metal with the fastest reaction. [1]
(c) Complete the word equation: magnesium + acid → magnesium ______ + hydrogen. [1]
(d) Suggest why the pieces of metal were made the same size. [1]
Answer Details
Noble gases
(a) Neon is in Group 0, also called Group 18 or the noble gases. [1]
(b) The period number gives the number of occupied electron shells in an atom. [1]
(c) Argon is unreactive because it has a full outer electron shell. [1]
(d) The element with two electrons is helium. [1]
Metals with acid
(a) The gas collected is hydrogen. [1]
(b) Calcium reacts fastest because it produces the largest hydrogen volume after the same 60 s, 48 cm3. [1]
(c) magnesium + acid → magnesium salt + hydrogen. [1]
(d) The pieces are the same size to control surface area and make the rate comparison fair. [1]
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