The table below shows an investigation into four solids used in a school collection. The student puts each solid into a circuit, then heats a small sample. ...
Question 1 Report
The table below shows an investigation into four solids used in a school collection. The student puts each solid into a circuit, then heats a small sample. Fig. 1 shows an ionic lattice model for magnesium oxide, MgO. Magnesium loses electrons and oxygen gains electrons.
Table 1
| Solid | Melting point / degrees C | Conducts as a solid? |
|---|---|---|
| magnesium oxide | 2852 | no |
| copper | 1085 | yes |
| iodine | 114 | no |
| graphite | above 3000 | yes |
(a) Complete the formula for magnesium oxide: Mg__O__. [1]
(b) What is the charge on an oxide ion? [1]
(c) Use Table 1 to name one solid that has metallic bonding. [1]
(d) Suggest why magnesium oxide has a high melting point. [2]
This diagram is a cross-section of a rechargeable battery electrode. The manufacturer uses thin sheets of aluminium because the sheets must conduct electricity and be rolled into a compact cell. Fig. 1 shows metal ions in layers with a sea of electrons between them. The battery is not filled with pure water because water can react during charging.
(a) Name the bonding in aluminium. [1]
(b) Give one property that allows aluminium sheet to be rolled. [1]
(c) Use Fig. 1 to explain why aluminium conducts. [2]
(d) Suggest why aluminium has a higher melting point than a simple molecular substance. [1]
Answer Details
Magnesium oxide
- (a) The formula is MgO. [1]
- (b) An oxide ion has charge \(2-\). [1]
- (c) Copper has metallic bonding. [1]
- (d) There are strong electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions. [1] A lot of energy is needed to overcome these attractions. [1]
Aluminium electrode
- (a) Aluminium has metallic bonding. [1]
- (b) Aluminium is malleable. [1]
- (c) Delocalised electrons are present. [1] They move through the metal and carry charge. [1]
- (d) Strong metallic attractions need more energy to overcome than the weak forces between simple molecules. [1]
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