Fig. 1 shows a simplified diagram of organs involved when the concentration of glucose in human blood changes. A student traced the path of hormones after e...
Question 1 Report
Fig. 1 shows a simplified diagram of organs involved when the concentration of glucose in human blood changes. A student traced the path of hormones after eating a meal containing rice. The blood glucose concentration rose above the usual level for a short time. Organ X releases a hormone into the blood. The hormone acts on cells in organ Y. The student knows that body cells need glucose for respiration, but a very high concentration can damage blood vessels.
(a) Name the organs labelled X and Y. [2]
(b) Describe how the hormone released by X reduces blood glucose concentration after the meal. [3]
(c) Suggest why controlling blood glucose concentration is important for a human during exercise. [3]
Answer Details
(a) Organ X is the pancreas. Organ Y is the liver. [2]
(b) After the meal, the pancreas releases insulin into the blood. Insulin causes liver and muscle cells to take up glucose from the blood. The glucose is converted to glycogen for storage, reducing blood glucose concentration. [3]
(c) Blood glucose must be controlled during exercise so cells have glucose for respiration. Respiration releases energy for muscle contraction. Control also prevents blood glucose becoming dangerously high or low, either of which can disrupt normal cell function. [3]
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