The table below shows a school investigation of urine output after exercise. All participants drank 250 cm3 water before taking part. Group 1 sat indoors, w...
Question 1 Report
The table below shows a school investigation of urine output after exercise. All participants drank 250 cm3 water before taking part. Group 1 sat indoors, while Group 2 played football outdoors in warm weather. Urine was collected during the following hour.
| group | mean sweat loss during activity / cm3 | mean urine volume in following hour / cm3 | mean urine concentration / arbitrary units |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1, sitting indoors | 20 | 190 | 35 |
| 2, playing football | 510 | 65 | 82 |
(a) Describe two differences between the urine from Group 1 and Group 2. [2]
(b) Give the hormone likely to have a higher concentration in the blood of Group 2. [1]
(c) Explain why this hormone is released after heavy sweating. [3]
Answer Details
(a) Group 2 produced less urine, 65 cm3 rather than 190 cm3. [1] Group 2 urine was more concentrated, 82 rather than 35 arbitrary units. [1]
(b) The hormone is ADH, antidiuretic hormone. [1]
(c) Heavy sweating removes water from the body. [1] The blood becomes more concentrated, with a lower water potential. [1] ADH increases water reabsorption by the kidneys, producing a smaller volume of more concentrated urine. [1]
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