The industrial revolution was a period of significant change that occurred in Europe between the 18th and 19th centuries. It marked the transition from manual labor to machine-based manufacturing, which had a profound impact on economic and social structures. One of the main results of the industrial revolution was the rise of capitalism, an economic system in which private individuals own and operate businesses for profit. This was made possible by the new technologies and manufacturing processes that were developed during this time. The industrial revolution also led to urbanization, as people moved from rural areas to cities to work in factories, and to the growth of the middle class, as entrepreneurs and business owners profited from the new economic opportunities.