(a) Define Young's modulus. (b) State the physical quantities one has to measure in order to determine the Young's modulus of a wire.
Question 1 Report
(a) Define Young's modulus.
(b) State the physical quantities one has to measure in order to determine the Young's modulus of a wire.
Answer Details
(a) Young's modulus of a material is the ratio of the tensile stress to the tensile strain, provided the elastic limit is not exceeded:
\[ Y = \frac{\text{tensile stress}}{\text{tensile strain}} = \frac{F/A}{e/L} = \frac{FL}{Ae} \]Its unit is \(\text{N m}^{-2}\) (Pa).
(b) Physical quantities to measure for a wire:
- The stretching force (load) \(F\) applied to the wire.
- The original (unstretched) length \(L\) of the wire.
- The extension \(e\) produced by the load.
- The diameter of the wire (to obtain the cross-sectional area \(A\)).
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