The OAU Liberation Committee was based in:

The Organisation of African Unity (OAU) established its Liberation Committee in 1963, the same year the OAU itself was founded. The committee's mandate was to coordinate and support the liberation movements fighting to end colonial rule and white-minority regimes across Africa. It provided financial aid, military training, logistical support, and diplomatic backing to independence movements in territories still under colonial or settler-minority control.

The Liberation Committee was headquartered in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. This location was chosen for several reasons. Tanzania's president, Julius Nyerere, was one of the most vocal advocates of African liberation and pan-Africanism. Tanzania also offered a strategic geographic position: it bordered or lay close to several territories still under colonial or minority rule in southern Africa (Mozambique, then under Portuguese rule; and proximity to Rhodesia, South Africa, and South West Africa). Dar es Salaam became a hub for liberation fighters from across the continent.

Although Ethiopia hosted the OAU headquarters in Addis Ababa, the Liberation Committee operated separately from Tanzania. Algeria and Nigeria, while active supporters of liberation movements, did not host the committee.