(a) On a sketch map of Nigeria, locate and name: (i) the Chad Basin and the Western Highlands; (ii) one important river in one of the regions (iii) one impo...
Question 1 Report
(a) On a sketch map of Nigeria, locate and name:
(i) the Chad Basin and the Western Highlands; (ii) one important river in one of the regions (iii) one important town in each region.
(b) State three ways in which the relief and drainage of the Chad Basin differ from those of the Western Highlands.
(c) Highlight three problems of development in the Chad Basin.
Answer Details
(a) Sketch map of Nigeria
Key labels on the sketch map:
- Chad Basin: extreme north-eastern Nigeria, around Lake Chad.
- Western Highlands: south-western Nigeria.
- River: River Yobe in the Chad Basin.
- Towns: Maiduguri in the Chad Basin and Ibadan in the Western Highlands.
(b) Differences between the Chad Basin and the Western Highlands
| Basis | Chad Basin | Western Highlands |
|---|---|---|
| Relief | It is a low-lying, gently sloping plain. | It is an elevated and more undulating or hilly upland. |
| Underlying rocks | It is mainly underlain by sedimentary rocks. | It is mainly underlain by ancient crystalline Basement Complex rocks. |
| Drainage pattern | It has inland drainage; rivers such as the Yobe flow towards Lake Chad. Parts around the lake are swampy. | It has external drainage; rivers flow southwards to the Atlantic Ocean or northwards to the River Niger system. Swamps are generally absent. |
(c) Problems of development in the Chad Basin
- Harsh, dry climate: scanty and unreliable rainfall, together with frequent drought, reduces agricultural production and water supply.
- Desert encroachment and wind erosion: sandy soils are easily removed by wind, while desertification reduces grazing land and farmland.
- Poor transport and sparse population: settlements are widely scattered and roads are inadequate, making the movement of people, farm produce and equipment difficult and costly.
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